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船用電纜

中文名

船用電纜

全    稱

船用電力電纜

主要用途

水上建筑的電力照(zhao)明和一般控制(zhi)用

執行標準

IEC60092-350

1簡介

船(chuan)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)纜又稱船(chuan)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)力(li)電(dian)纜，是一種(zhong)用(yong)(yong)于河海各種(zhong)船(chuan)舶及海上石油平臺等水上建筑(zhu)的電(dian)力(li)、照明和一般(ban)控(kong)制之用(yong)(yong)的電(dian)線電(dian)纜。

主要用途(tu)：應用于(yu)用于(yu)河(he)海(hai)各種船舶及海(hai)上(shang)石油平臺等水(shui)上(shang)建筑的(de)電(dian)力、照明和一般控制之用。

執行標準：船用電力電纜的執行標準：IEC60092-350，IEC60092-353或GB9331-88。

船用電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)主要參數(shu)有型號規格、芯數(shu)、燃燒(shao)特性、額定電(dian)壓、溫度、標(biao)稱截(jie)面(mian)積等主要參數(shu)。

2分類

從種(zhong)類(lei)上(shang)分，船(chuan)用電(dian)纜(lan)可(ke)分為(wei)兩類(lei)：民船(chuan)用電(dian)線電(dian)纜(lan)、軍艦(jian)用電(dian)線電(dian)纜(lan)。

從(cong)用(yong)(yong)途上分，船用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜可(ke)分為三類(lei)：船/艦用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜、船/艦用(yong)(yong)控制電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜、船/艦用(yong)(yong)通訊電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜。其作用(yong)(yong)分別是：

船用電力電纜：用于河海各種船舶及(ji)海上石油平臺等水上建筑的電力、照(zhao)明和一般控制之用。

船用控制(zhi)電纜：用于河海各種船舶及海上(shang)石油平臺等水上(shang)建筑一般控制(zhi)之用。

船用通信(xin)電纜(lan)：用于各種傳播通信(xin)、電子計算機、信(xin)息處理設備中的信(xin)號傳輸和控(kong)制(zhi)系統(tong)。

3選擇原則

船舶電力系統中各(ge)電纜的選擇步驟(zou)和原(yuan)則

1、根據電(dian)纜的(de)用途、敷設位(wei)置和工作(zuo)條件選擇(ze)合適的(de)電(dian)纜型號。

2、 根(gen)據用電(dian)設備的工作制、電(dian)源種類、電(dian)纜(lan)線芯(xin)和負載電(dian)流(liu)選擇合適的電(dian)纜(lan)截面。

3、根據系統短(duan)路電流(liu)計算(suan)結果(guo)，片(pian)斷電纜的短(duan)路容量是否滿足要求。

4、 根(gen)據環境(jing)溫(wen)度(du)對(dui)電(dian)纜的額(e)定載(zai)流量進行修正，然(ran)后再判(pan)斷電(dian)纜的允許電(dian)流是否大于負載(zai)電(dian)流。

5、 根(gen)據成束敷設修正系數，對電(dian)纜的額定(ding)載流(liu)量進(jin)行修正，然后，再判斷電(dian)纜的允許電(dian)流(liu)是否大于負(fu)載電(dian)流(liu)。

6、校(xiao)核線路(lu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)降，判斷線路(lu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)降是否小于規(gui)定值。

7、根據保(bao)護裝置的整定值(zhi)，判斷電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)與保(bao)護裝置是否(fou)(fou)協調；如果不協調，判斷是否(fou)(fou)可以改變合適的保(bao)護裝置或整定值(zhi)，否(fou)(fou)則(ze)應(ying)重新(xin)選擇(ze)合適的電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)載(zai)面(mian)。

船用電纜型號選擇

船用(yong)電(dian)纜型號的選擇應考慮下述因(yin)素(su)：

1、電纜(lan)的用(yong)途———用(yong)于動力、照明和無線電通信等。

2、電纜敷設位置———干(gan)燥(zao)、潮濕、低溫和是否要(yao)求屏蔽等。

3、工作條(tiao)件———固定敷設(she)、穿管數(shu)設(she)和可移(yi)動等。

4發展趨勢

根據幾年(nian)國(guo)內(nei)外船(chuan)(chuan)舶工業(ye)的(de)發展，預計未來船(chuan)(chuan)舶市(shi)場需求呈現出以(yi)大(da)噸位為主，具有(you)高(gao)(gao)技術含(han)量(liang)和高(gao)(gao)附(fu)加值等特點。

調(diao)查(cha)顯示，世(shi)界(jie)(jie)造(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)中心(xin)正(zheng)在加速(su)向中國(guo)(guo)轉移。目前我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)長三角(jiao)地區(qu)，依靠其黃(huang)金水(shui)道與黃(huang)金海岸交匯的(de)地緣優勢，已(yi)經(jing)成(cheng)(cheng)為世(shi)界(jie)(jie)造(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)業投(tou)資轉移的(de)集聚區(qu)。國(guo)(guo)際市場受外部經(jing)濟環境(jing)而影(ying)響，與前幾年(nian)相(xiang)比將(jiang)有短時期(qi)的(de)低迷。但是(shi)國(guo)(guo)內(nei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工業將(jiang)會持續(xu)興旺，受到我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)海洋開發戰略實(shi)施的(de)影(ying)響，國(guo)(guo)內(nei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工業面臨巨大(da)發展空間(jian)。我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)能(neng)成(cheng)(cheng)功制(zhi)造(zao)的(de)新型船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)種類(lei)不斷增加，例如(ru)：成(cheng)(cheng)品(pin)油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、化學(xue)品(pin)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海洋工程船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠洋漁(yu)(yu)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)型集裝(zhuang)(zhuang)箱(xiang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、客滾船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、滾裝(zhuang)(zhuang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化石(shi)油氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化天然氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)型冷藏船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、散(san)貨船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、漁(yu)(yu)政船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、軍用船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、自卸船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)艙(cang)口多(duo)用途船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、穿梭油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速(su)無艙(cang)蓋(gai)集裝(zhuang)(zhuang)箱(xiang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速(su)水(shui)翼客船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海上儲油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、巨型油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和(he)內(nei)河船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)等(deng)；另外還有與緝私艇(ting)、救生艇(ting)、游艇(ting)等(deng)小型船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)艦(jian)艇(ting)。

我國船(chuan)舶工(gong)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)快速發展，將進一步拉動(dong)船(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)市場需求(qiu)。受(shou)船(chuan)舶工(gong)作(zuo)環境的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響，船(chuan)舶上(shang)所使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)基本都是無鹵、低煙(yan)型、耐鹽堿的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)。在海上(shang)平(ping)臺(tai)作(zuo)業(ye)(ye)中(zhong)，縱向水(shui)密封(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)、臍帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)將會(hui)(hui)得到大量使(shi)用(yong)。我國整體的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)船(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)行業(ye)(ye)受(shou)國內外(wai)船(chuan)舶工(gong)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發展需求(qiu)量也會(hui)(hui)大大增(zeng)加；而軍(jun)用(yong)艦(jian)船(chuan)、水(shui)下航行體、魚雷、水(shui)下誘(you)餌、水(shui)下偵察器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)和光纖光纜(lan)(lan)市場需求(qiu)也會(hui)(hui)大幅度增(zeng)加。除此之(zhi)外(wai)，船(chuan)舶的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)維修(xiu)以及(ji)碼頭等相關設施的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建設也會(hui)(hui)為其他常用(yong)類電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)提供很大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)市場需求(qiu)空(kong)間。