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船用電纜

中文名

船用電纜

全(quan)    稱

船用電力電纜

主要用途

水上建筑的(de)電力照明(ming)和一般(ban)控制用

執行標準

IEC60092-350

1簡介

船用電(dian)(dian)纜又稱船用電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)纜，是一種(zhong)用于河海各種(zhong)船舶及海上石(shi)油平(ping)臺等水上建筑的電(dian)(dian)力、照明和一般控制之用的電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜。

主要用(yong)(yong)途：應用(yong)(yong)于(yu)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)河海各種船舶(bo)及海上石油平臺等水上建筑的電力、照明(ming)和一(yi)般控制之用(yong)(yong)。

執(zhi)行(xing)標準(zhun)：船用電力電纜的(de)執(zhi)行(xing)標準(zhun)：IEC60092-350，IEC60092-353或(huo)GB9331-88。

船用電力(li)電纜主要(yao)參(can)數(shu)(shu)有(you)型號(hao)規格、芯數(shu)(shu)、燃燒特性、額(e)定電壓、溫度、標稱截面(mian)積等主要(yao)參(can)數(shu)(shu)。

2分類

從種(zhong)類(lei)上分(fen)，船用電(dian)纜(lan)可分(fen)為(wei)兩類(lei)：民船用電(dian)線(xian)電(dian)纜(lan)、軍(jun)艦用電(dian)線(xian)電(dian)纜(lan)。

從用(yong)(yong)(yong)途上(shang)分，船用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)可分為三類：船/艦(jian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)、船/艦(jian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)控制電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)、船/艦(jian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)通訊電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)。其作用(yong)(yong)(yong)分別是：

船用(yong)電力(li)電纜：用(yong)于河海各種船舶及海上石(shi)油平(ping)臺等(deng)水上建筑的電力(li)、照明和(he)一(yi)般控制(zhi)之(zhi)用(yong)。

船用(yong)控制電(dian)纜：用(yong)于河海(hai)各種船舶及海(hai)上石油平臺等水上建筑一(yi)般控制之用(yong)。

船用通信(xin)電(dian)(dian)纜：用于(yu)各種傳播通信(xin)、電(dian)(dian)子計(ji)算機、信(xin)息處理(li)設備中的信(xin)號(hao)傳輸和控(kong)制系統。

3選擇原則

船舶電力系統中各電纜的(de)選擇步驟和原則

1、根據(ju)電纜的用途、敷設位置和工作(zuo)條(tiao)件選擇合適的電纜型號。

2、 根據用電(dian)(dian)設備的工作制、電(dian)(dian)源種類、電(dian)(dian)纜線芯和負載電(dian)(dian)流選(xuan)擇合適(shi)的電(dian)(dian)纜截面(mian)。

3、根據系(xi)統短路(lu)電流計算結果(guo)，片斷電纜的(de)短路(lu)容量是否滿足要求(qiu)。

4、 根據環境(jing)溫(wen)度對(dui)電(dian)纜(lan)的額定載(zai)流(liu)(liu)(liu)量進行修正(zheng)，然后再(zai)判斷(duan)電(dian)纜(lan)的允許電(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)是否大于負載(zai)電(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)。

5、 根據成束敷(fu)設修正系數，對電纜的(de)額定(ding)載(zai)(zai)流量進行修正，然(ran)后，再判斷電纜的(de)允許電流是否大于負載(zai)(zai)電流。

6、校(xiao)核(he)線(xian)路(lu)電壓降，判斷線(xian)路(lu)電壓降是否小于規定值。

7、根(gen)據保(bao)(bao)護(hu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)的(de)整定值(zhi)，判斷(duan)(duan)電纜與保(bao)(bao)護(hu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)是(shi)否協調；如果不協調，判斷(duan)(duan)是(shi)否可(ke)以改變合適(shi)的(de)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)或(huo)整定值(zhi)，否則(ze)應重新選擇合適(shi)的(de)電纜載面。

船用電纜型號選擇

船用電纜型號的選擇應考慮下述因素：

1、電(dian)纜的用途(tu)———用于動力、照明和無(wu)線電(dian)通信等。

2、電纜敷設位置———干燥、潮(chao)濕、低溫和是否要求屏蔽(bi)等。

3、工作條件———固定(ding)敷設(she)、穿(chuan)管數設(she)和可移動等。

4發展趨勢

根(gen)據幾(ji)年國內外(wai)船舶工業(ye)的發展，預計(ji)未來船舶市場需求呈現(xian)出以大噸位為主，具有高技術含(han)量(liang)和(he)高附加值(zhi)等特點(dian)。

調查顯示，世界造(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)中心正(zheng)在加(jia)速(su)向中國(guo)轉移。目前我(wo)國(guo)長(chang)三角(jiao)地區，依靠其(qi)黃(huang)金水(shui)(shui)道(dao)與(yu)(yu)黃(huang)金海岸交匯的(de)地緣優勢，已經成(cheng)為世界造(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)業(ye)(ye)投(tou)資轉移的(de)集(ji)聚區。國(guo)際市場(chang)受(shou)(shou)外部經濟環境而影(ying)響，與(yu)(yu)前幾年相(xiang)比將有短時期(qi)的(de)低迷。但是國(guo)內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)將會持續興旺，受(shou)(shou)到我(wo)國(guo)海洋開發戰略實施的(de)影(ying)響，國(guo)內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)面臨巨大(da)發展(zhan)空間(jian)。我(wo)國(guo)能成(cheng)功制造(zao)的(de)新型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)種類不斷(duan)增(zeng)加(jia)，例如(ru)：成(cheng)品油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、化學品船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海洋工(gong)程船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠洋漁船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)型(xing)集(ji)裝箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、客滾船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、滾裝船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化石油(you)氣(qi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化天然氣(qi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)型(xing)冷藏船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、散貨船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、漁政船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、軍用(yong)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、自(zi)卸(xie)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)艙口(kou)多用(yong)途船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、穿(chuan)梭油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速(su)無(wu)艙蓋集(ji)裝箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速(su)水(shui)(shui)翼客船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海上(shang)儲油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、巨型(xing)油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和內河船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)等(deng)；另外還有與(yu)(yu)緝私(si)艇(ting)、救生艇(ting)、游艇(ting)等(deng)小型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)艦艇(ting)。

我國船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)快速(su)發(fa)展，將進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)拉動(dong)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)市(shi)場需求。受船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工作環境的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響，船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)上所(suo)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)基本都(dou)是無鹵、低煙(yan)型、耐(nai)鹽堿的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特種電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)。在海上平臺作業(ye)(ye)中(zhong)，縱向(xiang)水(shui)密封(feng)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)、臍帶電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)將會得到大量使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。我國整體的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)受國內外(wai)(wai)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展需求量也會大大增(zeng)加(jia)；而軍用(yong)(yong)(yong)艦船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、水(shui)下(xia)航行(xing)體、魚雷、水(shui)下(xia)誘餌、水(shui)下(xia)偵(zhen)察器的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)和光(guang)纖光(guang)纜(lan)(lan)市(shi)場需求也會大幅(fu)度增(zeng)加(jia)。除(chu)此之外(wai)(wai)，船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)維(wei)修以及碼頭等相(xiang)關設(she)施的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建設(she)也會為其他常用(yong)(yong)(yong)類(lei)電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)提供很大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)市(shi)場需求空間(jian)。