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聚氯乙烯電纜

聚(ju)氯(lv)乙烯絕緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)產品分(fen)為固(gu)定布線(xian)用(yong)無(wu)(wu)保護(hu)(hu)套(tao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)、固(gu)定布線(xian)用(yong)護(hu)(hu)套(tao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)、輕型無(wu)(wu)護(hu)(hu)套(tao)軟(ruan)(ruan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)、一(yi)般用(yong)途護(hu)(hu)套(tao)軟(ruan)(ruan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)、安裝用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)和(he)屏蔽電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)、特殊用(yong)途保護(hu)(hu)套(tao)軟(ruan)(ruan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)、聚(ju)氯(lv)乙烯絕緣(yuan)阻(zu)燃耐火電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)等產品

歷史

電線(xian)電纜行(xing)(xing)業(ye)是我國經(jing)濟建設的(de)重要配套產業(ye)，廣泛(fan)應用于(yu)國民經(jing)濟各個領域(yu)，占(zhan)據著中(zhong)國電工(gong)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)1/4的(de)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)，是機械(xie)工(gong)業(ye)中(zhong)僅次于(yu)汽車行(xing)(xing)業(ye)的(de)第二大(da)產業(ye)。其中(zhong)，室內裝修使用的(de)電線(xian)主要是額定電壓450/750v及以下聚氯乙(yi)烯絕緣電纜，又稱(cheng)電線(xian)。

電線質量的(de)考核(he)主要(yao)(yao)由專業(ye)檢(jian)驗機構進行檢(jian)驗，報告中(zhong)主要(yao)(yao)的(de)技(ji)術指(zhi)標有以(yi)下：

1、導體(ti)直流電阻(zu)。直接(jie)反映電線(xian)的載(zai)流能(neng)力，也就是(shi)通常所說能(neng)帶(dai)多大的負載(zai)。該指標(biao)與導體(ti)材質(zhi)、導體(ti)截面(mian)積（電線(xian)規格）也就是(shi)線(xian)徑有關

2、成品(pin)耐壓試驗。主要考(kao)核電線的絕(jue)緣是否有漏(lou)電。該指標與絕(jue)緣的材料和制造(zao)工(gong)藝有關

3、絕(jue)(jue)緣（護(hu)套）厚度(du)及機械性能等項(xiang)目。主要考核電線(xian)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)壽(shou)命及使(shi)(shi)用(yong)環境。絕(jue)(jue)緣厚度(du)過薄或扁芯，容易在安(an)裝或使(shi)(shi)用(yong)中在薄的位(wei)置發生破損，形成漏電。使(shi)(shi)用(yong)劣質絕(jue)(jue)緣材料的電線(xian)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)壽(shou)命短。

選購

1、首(shou)選正(zheng)規廠(chang)家(jia)、商家(jia)產(chan)品。成(cheng)盤(pan)包(bao)裝的(de)電線應有(you)合格證，電線本體應印有(you)廠(chang)名或(huo)商標(biao)(biao)、電壓(ya)、3C標(biao)(biao)志等。廠(chang)家(jia)假冒偽劣(lie)電線往(wang)往(wang)是“三(san)無(wu)”產(chan)品，但(dan)上面(mian)卻也(ye)有(you)模棱兩可的(de)產(chan)地(di)等標(biao)(biao)識，如中(zhong)國制(zhi)造、中(zhong)國某省(sheng)或(huo)某市制(zhi)造等，這(zhe)實際等于(yu)未(wei)標(biao)(biao)產(chan)地(di)。

2、布電線(xian)(xian)目前使(shi)用(yong)(yong)的(de)導(dao)體(ti)材料(liao)主要有(you)銅(tong)(tong)和鋁(lv)。在選購時(shi)首先應根(gen)據(ju)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)的(de)負載選擇(ze)相應的(de)規(gui)(gui)格，如照(zhao)明線(xian)(xian)路使(shi)用(yong)(yong)1.5平(ping)(ping)方毫米的(de)鋁(lv)線(xian)(xian)或2.5平(ping)(ping)方毫米的(de)鋁(lv)線(xian)(xian)，如空調、微波(bo)爐、烤箱等使(shi)用(yong)(yong)2.5平(ping)(ping)方毫米的(de)銅(tong)(tong)線(xian)(xian)或4平(ping)(ping)方毫米的(de)鋁(lv)線(xian)(xian)，選擇(ze)合(he)適規(gui)(gui)格的(de)電線(xian)(xian)可(ke)避免由于(yu)小規(gui)(gui)格電線(xian)(xian)載流(liu)量不夠(gou)引起短路發生火災；其次選購時(shi)應注意導(dao)體(ti)的(de)質量，合(he)格的(de)銅(tong)(tong)芯(xin)電線(xian)(xian)應使(shi)用(yong)(yong)紫(zi)紅色、有(you)光澤(ze)、手感軟的(de)銅(tong)(tong)線(xian)(xian)，而偽劣(lie)的(de)銅(tong)(tong)芯(xin)線(xian)(xian)銅(tong)(tong)芯(xin)為紫(zi)黑色、偏黃或偏白(bai)，雜志多，機械強(qiang)度差，韌勁不佳，稍用(yong)(yong)力即會折斷，而且(qie)如果多股銅(tong)(tong)絲常(chang)有(you)斷線(xian)(xian)現象(xiang)，使(shi)用(yong)(yong)壽(shou)命短。

3、布(bu)電(dian)線(xian)(xian)使用的(de)(de)外皮(pi)為聚(ju)氯乙烯(xi)絕緣材料(liao)(liao)。合格的(de)(de)電(dian)線(xian)(xian)絕緣應(ying)該外觀(guan)光滑(hua)、表面印字清(qing)晰。從電(dian)線(xian)(xian)頭觀(guan)察，絕緣應(ying)均勻，不偏芯。有(you)些(xie)偽劣斷(duan)線(xian)(xian)絕緣層看上(shang)(shang)去似乎很厚實(shi)，實(shi)際上(shang)(shang)大多是用再生塑料(liao)(liao)制成的(de)(de)，時間一長，絕緣層會老化漏電(dian)。

4、質(zhi)量好的電線，一般都在(zai)規定(ding)的重量范圍內。價格上，由于假冒偽(wei)劣的制作(zuo)成(cheng)本(ben)低(di)，因此，商販在(zai)銷售時，常以物(wu)美價廉為(wei)幌子(zi)低(di)價銷售，讓人上當。

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