国产精品成人网站/两攻一受3p双龙h调教/玩弄人妻少妇500系列/人妻换人妻仑乱/国产成人一区二区三区别

1.電性能檢測

主要(yao)(yao)有導(dao)體直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻、絕緣(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻、成(cheng)品電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓試驗及(ji)(ji)絕緣(yuan)(yuan)線芯(xin)間(jian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓試驗，每項都很重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)，導(dao)體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻直(zhi)接反映了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)傳輸性能，直(zhi)接影(ying)響電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)在通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)運行中的(de)(de)溫度(du)、壽命(ming)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓降、以及(ji)(ji)運行安(an)全，它主要(yao)(yao)考查導(dao)體的(de)(de)材質(zhi)和(he)截面積(ji)，若(ruo)導(dao)體的(de)(de)材質(zhi)不(bu)好或截面積(ji)嚴重(zhong)不(bu)足，就(jiu)(jiu)會造(zao)(zao)成(cheng)導(dao)體直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻嚴重(zhong)超標，這種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)鋪設在線路中就(jiu)(jiu)會增加電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流在線路上(shang)通過時的(de)(de)損耗，引起電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)導(dao)體本(ben)身發熱，引起包覆導(dao)體的(de)(de)絕緣(yuan)(yuan)老化開裂，造(zao)(zao)成(cheng)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線路漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、短(duan)路，甚至造(zao)(zao)成(cheng)火災，危及(ji)(ji)人(ren)身、財產的(de)(de)安(an)全。標準對不(bu)同規格電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)(de)導(dao)體直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻值(zhi)均有嚴格的(de)(de)規定(ding)，不(bu)得(de)大于標準規定(ding)的(de)(de)值(zhi)。

絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)、成品電(dian)(dian)壓試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)及絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)線芯(xin)間(jian)(jian)電(dian)(dian)壓試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)，均考查的(de)(de)是電(dian)(dian)纜絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)層(ceng)和(he)護(hu)套層(ceng)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)氣絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)性能(neng)(neng)，絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)是檢(jian)測兩(liang)個導(dao)體之間(jian)(jian)絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)材料的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)，它應足夠大以起到絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)保護(hu)作(zuo)用。成品電(dian)(dian)壓試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)及絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)線芯(xin)間(jian)(jian)電(dian)(dian)壓試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)不光要求(qiu)電(dian)(dian)纜有(you)足夠的(de)(de)絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)能(neng)(neng)力，還(huan)要求(qiu)絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)或護(hu)套材料均勻無雜(za)質、厚度足夠均勻，表面不能(neng)(neng)有(you)看不見的(de)(de)沙眼、針孔(kong)等(deng)，否則就會造成耐壓試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)時局部(bu)擊(ji)穿。

2.機械性能檢測

主要(yao)是考查絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)和(he)護(hu)套(tao)塑料材(cai)料的抗(kang)(kang)張強(qiang)度、斷(duan)裂(lie)(lie)伸(shen)長(chang)(chang)率(lv)，包括老(lao)化前(qian)后，還有(you)對于成品軟(ruan)電(dian)纜進行(xing)的曲撓試驗(yan)(yan)、彎曲試驗(yan)(yan)、荷重斷(duan)芯(xin)試驗(yan)(yan)、絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)線芯(xin)撕裂(lie)(lie)試驗(yan)(yan)、靜態曲撓試驗(yan)(yan)等。老(lao)化前(qian)、后抗(kang)(kang)張強(qiang)度、老(lao)化前(qian)后斷(duan)裂(lie)(lie)伸(shen)長(chang)(chang)率(lv)是電(dian)纜絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)和(he)護(hu)套(tao)材(cai)料最重要(yao)最基本(ben)的指標，要(yao)求用作電(dian)纜絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)和(he)護(hu)套(tao)的材(cai)料，既要(yao)有(you)足夠的拉(la)伸(shen)強(qiang)度不容易(yi)拉(la)斷(duan)，又要(yao)有(you)一定的柔(rou)韌性。

老化是指在(zai)高溫條件下(xia)，絕(jue)緣(yuan)和(he)護(hu)套材料保(bao)持其原有性(xing)能(neng)的(de)(de)能(neng)力，老化不應嚴重影(ying)響(xiang)材料的(de)(de)抗張(zhang)強度和(he)伸長(chang)率，這些都(dou)將(jiang)直接影(ying)響(xiang)電纜的(de)(de)使(shi)用壽命(ming)，若抗張(zhang)強度和(he)斷(duan)裂伸長(chang)率不合格，進行電纜的(de)(de)施工安裝時就(jiu)極易(yi)出現(xian)護(hu)套或(huo)絕(jue)緣(yuan)體斷(duan)裂，或(huo)在(zai)光、熱環境下(xia)使(shi)用的(de)(de)電纜其護(hu)套和(he)絕(jue)緣(yuan)容易(yi)變脆，斷(duan)裂，致(zhi)使(shi)帶電導(dao)體裸露(lu)，發生(sheng)觸電危險。

另外(wai)軟(ruan)(ruan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜由于(yu)不是固定敷設，使用中(zhong)(zhong)存在(zai)反(fan)復拖拉(la)、彎曲(qu)(qu)等(deng)情(qing)況(kuang)，所(suo)以對于(yu)軟(ruan)(ruan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜標準又另外(wai)規定了(le)在(zai)其成品電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜上加(jia)做(zuo)動態(tai)曲(qu)(qu)撓(nao)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)、彎曲(qu)(qu)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)、荷(he)重斷芯試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)、絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)線(xian)芯撕(si)裂(lie)(lie)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)、靜態(tai)曲(qu)(qu)撓(nao)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)等(deng)，以保證(zheng)這種(zhong)線(xian)纜在(zai)實際使用中(zhong)(zhong)滿足要(yao)求。如動態(tai)曲(qu)(qu)撓(nao)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)主要(yao)考(kao)核(he)軟(ruan)(ruan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜在(zai)受到(dao)外(wai)界的(de)機(ji)械拉(la)伸和彎曲(qu)(qu)等(deng)應(ying)力(li)時，軟(ruan)(ruan)導體的(de)絞合線(xian)絲是否斷裂(lie)(lie)而(er)降低電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)傳輸性能，或者刺(ci)破絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)而(er)降低絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣性能;絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)在(zai)受到(dao)應(ying)力(li)作用是是否變形或開裂(lie)(lie)而(er)影響電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)性能的(de)一(yi)種(zhong)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)方法。

3.絕緣和護套材料性能試驗

包括熱失重、熱沖(chong)擊、高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)壓力、低(di)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)彎曲、低(di)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)拉伸、低(di)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)沖(chong)擊、阻(zu)燃(ran)性能(neng)(neng)等(deng)(deng)等(deng)(deng)。這(zhe)些都(dou)(dou)是(shi)(shi)考查絕緣(yuan)和護套(tao)的(de)(de)(de)塑料(liao)(liao)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)性能(neng)(neng)好(hao)壞，如(ru)熱失重試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)是(shi)(shi)檢(jian)測經(jing)(jing)過7天80℃的(de)(de)(de)高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)老化(hua)后(hou)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)降解、揮發的(de)(de)(de)程度;熱沖(chong)擊檢(jian)測在(zai)(zai)150℃高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)1h后(hou)經(jing)(jing)特殊卷繞的(de)(de)(de)絕緣(yuan)表面是(shi)(shi)否有開裂(lie);高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)壓力檢(jian)測絕緣(yuan)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)在(zai)(zai)經(jing)(jing)過高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)再冷卻后(hou)其(qi)彈性的(de)(de)(de)保(bao)持程度;所有的(de)(de)(de)低(di)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)一般指(zhi)在(zai)(zai)-15℃條(tiao)件下其(qi)機械性能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)化(hua)，都(dou)(dou)是(shi)(shi)檢(jian)測線(xian)纜(lan)(lan)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)在(zai)(zai)低(di)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)環境下是(shi)(shi)否變(bian)脆、易開裂(lie)或易拉斷等(deng)(deng)。 另外電纜(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)(de)阻(zu)燃(ran)性能(neng)(neng)勝能(neng)(neng)很重要，考查該項性能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)為不延燃(ran)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)，即對按標(biao)準(zhun)安(an)裝(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)成品電纜(lan)(lan)用專門的(de)(de)(de)火焰點燃(ran)一定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)時間，待其(qi)火焰自行熄滅(mie)后(hou)檢(jian)查線(xian)纜(lan)(lan)被燒(shao)的(de)(de)(de)情況(kuang)，當然被燒(shao)掉的(de)(de)(de)部分(fen)越少越好(hao)，說(shuo)明其(qi)燃(ran)燒(shao)性差，阻(zu)燃(ran)性好(hao)，越安(an)全。

4.標志檢查

標(biao)(biao)準要(yao)求電(dian)纜包裝上應附有表(biao)示產(chan)品型號(hao)、規(gui)格、標(biao)(biao)準號(hao)、廠名和(he)(he)產(chan)地的標(biao)(biao)簽或(huo)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)，規(gui)格包括額(e)定電(dian)壓、芯數(shu)和(he)(he)導體(ti)標(biao)(biao)稱截面(mian)等(deng)；電(dian)纜表(biao)面(mian)應印有制造廠名、產(chan)品型號(hao)和(he)(he)額(e)定電(dian)壓的連續標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)，標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)間距(ju)要(yao)求≤200mm(絕緣表(biao)面(mian))或(huo)≤500mm (護套表(biao)面(mian))，標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)內容應齊全、清(qing)晰、耐(nai)擦，這個要(yao)求是方便使(shi)用者了解(jie)電(dian)纜的型號(hao)規(gui)格及電(dian)壓等(deng)級，以防敷(fu)設(she)錯誤。

另(ling)外，電(dian)線(xian)絕緣線(xian)芯(xin)應優先(xian)選(xuan)用(yong)標準推薦的(de)(de)顏色(se)，特別要(yao)提的(de)(de)是黃/綠雙(shuang)色(se)線(xian)芯(xin)，這種(zhong)線(xian)一(yi)般(ban)用(yong)在電(dian)器(qi)產品(pin)的(de)(de)電(dian)源線(xian)中(zhong)，這條(tiao)特殊雙(shuang)色(se)線(xian)專(zhuan)用(yong)于(yu)接地，對于(yu)黃/綠搭配標準也有以下(xia)規定(ding)：即(ji)對每一(yi)段長巧~的(de)(de)雙(shuang)色(se)絕緣線(xian)芯(xin)，其(qi)中(zhong)一(yi)種(zhong)顏色(se)應至少覆(fu)蓋絕緣線(xian)芯(xin)表面的(de)(de)30%，且(qie)不大(da)于(yu)70%，而(er)另(ling)一(yi)種(zhong)顏色(se)則覆(fu)蓋絕緣線(xian)芯(xin)的(de)(de)其(qi)余(yu)部分，即(ji)黃/綠雙(shuang)色(se)應基(ji)本均(jun)衡搭配。

5.結構尺寸檢測

包括絕緣(yuan)和護(hu)套的(de)厚(hou)度(du)、最薄厚(hou)度(du)、外(wai)形尺(chi)寸等。絕緣(yuan)和護(hu)套的(de)厚(hou)度(du)大(da)小對(dui)于(yu)(yu)電(dian)纜(lan)能夠耐受多大(da)強(qiang)度(du)的(de)電(dian)壓，以(yi)及其機械性能好壞都有(you)(you)很重要的(de)作用，所以(yi)對(dui)于(yu)(yu)不(bu)(bu)同規格(ge)(ge)的(de)電(dian)纜(lan)，標準對(dui)厚(hou)度(du)都有(you)(you)嚴格(ge)(ge)規定(ding)，要求(qiu)不(bu)(bu)得低(di)于(yu)(yu)國家標準的(de)規定(ding)值。電(dian)纜(lan)絕緣(yuan)厚(hou)度(du)太(tai)薄會(hui)嚴重影(ying)響電(dian)纜(lan)的(de)使用安全，會(hui)帶(dai)來電(dian)纜(lan)擊(ji)穿、導體裸露(lu)引起漏電(dian)等安全隱(yin)患，當然也不(bu)(bu)是(shi)越厚(hou)越好，應不(bu)(bu)影(ying)響安裝(zhuang)，故標準又設(she)了一(yi)個外(wai)形尺(chi)寸要求(qiu)對(dui)此進(jin)行(xing)限制。

常見的認證標志

1.CCC認(ren)證強制性認(ren)證，是進入國(guo)內市場的通行(xing)證。

2.CB認(ren)證(zheng)有利于(yu)(yu)產(chan)品出口用于(yu)(yu)家庭、辦公室、車間和類似場所的直接(jie)涉及人身(shen)安全的電工產(chan)品，這類產(chan)品在(zai)一部分國家中(zhong)實行強制(zhi)性認(ren)證(zheng)，即取得該國的認(ren)證(zheng)合格(ge)證(zheng)書后，才(cai)允許出口到(dao)該國，并在(zai)該國市場上銷售。即使(shi)在(zai)未(wei)實行強制(zhi)性認(ren)證(zheng)的國家中(zhong)，消費者為了(le)自(zi)身(shen)的安全，都愿意購買經過認(ren)證(zheng)而(er)帶有認(ren)證(zheng)標志的產(chan)品。

3.CE認證

是產(chan)品(pin)(pin)進入歐(ou)盟及歐(ou)洲貿易自由區國家市(shi)場(chang)的通(tong)行證。獲得認證并貼有CE標志的產(chan)品(pin)(pin)將降低在歐(ou)洲市(shi)場(chang)上(shang)銷售(shou)的風險：

1）被海關扣(kou)留(liu)和查(cha)處的風險;

2）被市場(chang)監督機構查處的風(feng)險;

3）同行出于競(jing)爭目的(de)的(de)指(zhi)控風險。