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聚氯乙烯電纜

聚(ju)氯(lv)乙(yi)烯(xi)絕緣電(dian)纜(lan)電(dian)線產品(pin)(pin)分為固(gu)定(ding)布線用(yong)無保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)套(tao)(tao)電(dian)纜(lan)、固(gu)定(ding)布線用(yong)護(hu)(hu)(hu)套(tao)(tao)電(dian)纜(lan)、輕型(xing)無護(hu)(hu)(hu)套(tao)(tao)軟(ruan)(ruan)電(dian)纜(lan)、一般用(yong)途(tu)護(hu)(hu)(hu)套(tao)(tao)軟(ruan)(ruan)電(dian)纜(lan)、安裝(zhuang)用(yong)電(dian)纜(lan)和屏蔽電(dian)線、特殊用(yong)途(tu)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)套(tao)(tao)軟(ruan)(ruan)電(dian)纜(lan)、聚(ju)氯(lv)乙(yi)烯(xi)絕緣阻(zu)燃耐火電(dian)纜(lan)等產品(pin)(pin)

歷史

電(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)行業(ye)(ye)是我國經濟建設的(de)(de)重要配套(tao)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)，廣(guang)泛(fan)應(ying)用于(yu)國民經濟各個領域，占(zhan)據(ju)著中(zhong)國電(dian)(dian)工(gong)行業(ye)(ye)1/4的(de)(de)行業(ye)(ye)，是機械工(gong)業(ye)(ye)中(zhong)僅(jin)次于(yu)汽車行業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)第二大產(chan)業(ye)(ye)。其中(zhong)，室內(nei)裝修(xiu)使用的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)主要是額定電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)450/750v及以下(xia)聚氯乙烯絕緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)，又稱電(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)。

電線(xian)質量(liang)的(de)考(kao)核主(zhu)要(yao)由專(zhuan)業檢(jian)驗(yan)機構進行(xing)檢(jian)驗(yan)，報告中主(zhu)要(yao)的(de)技術指(zhi)標有(you)以(yi)下：

1、導(dao)體(ti)(ti)直(zhi)(zhi)流電阻(zu)。直(zhi)(zhi)接反映(ying)電線(xian)(xian)的載流能(neng)力(li)，也就(jiu)是通常所說能(neng)帶多大的負載。該指標與導(dao)體(ti)(ti)材質(zhi)、導(dao)體(ti)(ti)截面積(ji)（電線(xian)(xian)規格）也就(jiu)是線(xian)(xian)徑有(you)關(guan)

2、成品(pin)耐(nai)壓試驗。主(zhu)要(yao)考核(he)電線的(de)絕(jue)(jue)緣是否有漏電。該指標與(yu)絕(jue)(jue)緣的(de)材料和制造(zao)工(gong)藝有關

3、絕(jue)緣(yuan)（護(hu)套）厚度(du)及機械性能等項目。主(zhu)要考核電線使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)壽命(ming)及使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)環境。絕(jue)緣(yuan)厚度(du)過薄(bo)或扁(bian)芯(xin)，容易在(zai)安裝或使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)中(zhong)在(zai)薄(bo)的位置(zhi)發生破損，形成漏電。使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)劣質絕(jue)緣(yuan)材料的電線使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)壽命(ming)短(duan)。

選購

1、首選正規廠家(jia)(jia)、商(shang)家(jia)(jia)產品。成盤包裝的電線應有合(he)格(ge)證，電線本(ben)體應印(yin)有廠名或(huo)商(shang)標、電壓、3C標志等(deng)。廠家(jia)(jia)假(jia)冒偽(wei)劣電線往(wang)往(wang)是(shi)“三無”產品，但上面卻也有模棱(leng)兩可的產地(di)等(deng)標識(shi)，如中國制造、中國某(mou)省或(huo)某(mou)市(shi)制造等(deng)，這實際等(deng)于未標產地(di)。

2、布(bu)電線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)目(mu)前使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)導體材(cai)料主要有銅(tong)(tong)和鋁(lv)(lv)。在(zai)選購時首(shou)先應(ying)根據使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)負載選擇相應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)規格(ge)，如照明線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)1.5平(ping)方毫(hao)(hao)米的(de)(de)(de)鋁(lv)(lv)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)或2.5平(ping)方毫(hao)(hao)米的(de)(de)(de)鋁(lv)(lv)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，如空調(diao)、微波(bo)爐、烤箱等使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)2.5平(ping)方毫(hao)(hao)米的(de)(de)(de)銅(tong)(tong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)或4平(ping)方毫(hao)(hao)米的(de)(de)(de)鋁(lv)(lv)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，選擇合(he)適規格(ge)的(de)(de)(de)電線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)可(ke)避(bi)免由于小規格(ge)電線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)載流量不(bu)夠引起短路(lu)發生火災；其次選購時應(ying)注意導體的(de)(de)(de)質量，合(he)格(ge)的(de)(de)(de)銅(tong)(tong)芯(xin)電線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)應(ying)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)紫紅色、有光澤(ze)、手感軟的(de)(de)(de)銅(tong)(tong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，而(er)偽劣的(de)(de)(de)銅(tong)(tong)芯(xin)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)銅(tong)(tong)芯(xin)為紫黑色、偏黃或偏白，雜志(zhi)多，機械強(qiang)度差(cha)，韌勁不(bu)佳，稍用(yong)(yong)(yong)力即會折斷(duan)，而(er)且如果多股銅(tong)(tong)絲常有斷(duan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)現象，使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)壽(shou)命短。

3、布(bu)電線使(shi)用的(de)(de)外皮為聚氯乙烯絕緣(yuan)(yuan)材料。合格的(de)(de)電線絕緣(yuan)(yuan)應(ying)該外觀(guan)光滑、表(biao)面印字清晰。從電線頭觀(guan)察，絕緣(yuan)(yuan)應(ying)均勻，不偏芯。有些偽(wei)劣斷線絕緣(yuan)(yuan)層看上(shang)去似(si)乎很厚實(shi)，實(shi)際(ji)上(shang)大(da)多是用再生塑料制(zhi)成的(de)(de)，時間一長，絕緣(yuan)(yuan)層會(hui)老化(hua)漏電。

4、質(zhi)量好的(de)電線，一般都在(zai)規(gui)定(ding)的(de)重量范圍內。價格上，由(you)于假(jia)冒偽劣(lie)的(de)制作(zuo)成本低，因此，商販在(zai)銷售(shou)時，常以物(wu)美價廉為幌子低價銷售(shou)，讓人上當(dang)。

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