国产精品成人网站/两攻一受3p双龙h调教/玩弄人妻少妇500系列/人妻换人妻仑乱/国产成人一区二区三区别

1.電性能檢測

主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)有(you)導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)、絕(jue)緣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)、成品電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)試驗及絕(jue)緣線芯間電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)試驗，每項都很重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)，導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)直(zhi)接(jie)反映了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)傳輸性能，直(zhi)接(jie)影(ying)響電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜在通(tong)(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)運行(xing)中的(de)(de)溫度(du)、壽命、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)降、以及運行(xing)安全，它主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)考(kao)查導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)材質(zhi)和截(jie)面(mian)積，若導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)材質(zhi)不好或(huo)截(jie)面(mian)積嚴重(zhong)不足，就會造成導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)嚴重(zhong)超標(biao)，這種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜鋪設在線路中就會增加(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流在線路上通(tong)(tong)過時的(de)(de)損耗，引起(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)本身發熱，引起(qi)(qi)包覆導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)絕(jue)緣老化開(kai)裂，造成供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線路漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、短路，甚至造成火災(zai)，危及人身、財產的(de)(de)安全。標(biao)準對不同(tong)規格(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜的(de)(de)導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)值均有(you)嚴格(ge)的(de)(de)規定(ding)(ding)，不得大于標(biao)準規定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)值。

絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)、成品電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)試驗(yan)及(ji)絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)線(xian)芯間(jian)(jian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)試驗(yan)，均(jun)(jun)考(kao)查的是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)層和護套(tao)層的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)性能，絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)是檢測兩個(ge)導體之間(jian)(jian)絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)材料(liao)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)，它應足夠大以起到絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)保護作用。成品電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)試驗(yan)及(ji)絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)線(xian)芯間(jian)(jian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)試驗(yan)不光要求電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜有足夠的絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)能力(li)，還要求絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)或護套(tao)材料(liao)均(jun)(jun)勻無雜(za)質、厚(hou)度足夠均(jun)(jun)勻，表面不能有看不見的沙眼(yan)、針孔等，否則就會造(zao)成耐壓(ya)試驗(yan)時局部(bu)擊穿。

2.機械性能檢測

主要是考查(cha)絕緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和(he)(he)護套(tao)塑料材(cai)料的(de)抗張強度、斷(duan)裂(lie)伸長(chang)率(lv)，包(bao)括老(lao)(lao)化(hua)(hua)前(qian)后(hou)(hou)，還(huan)有(you)對(dui)于成品軟電纜(lan)(lan)進行的(de)曲(qu)撓試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)、彎曲(qu)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)、荷重斷(duan)芯(xin)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)、絕緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)線芯(xin)撕裂(lie)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)、靜態曲(qu)撓試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)等(deng)。老(lao)(lao)化(hua)(hua)前(qian)、后(hou)(hou)抗張強度、老(lao)(lao)化(hua)(hua)前(qian)后(hou)(hou)斷(duan)裂(lie)伸長(chang)率(lv)是電纜(lan)(lan)絕緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和(he)(he)護套(tao)材(cai)料最重要最基(ji)本的(de)指標，要求用(yong)作(zuo)電纜(lan)(lan)絕緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和(he)(he)護套(tao)的(de)材(cai)料，既(ji)要有(you)足夠的(de)拉伸強度不容易拉斷(duan)，又要有(you)一定的(de)柔韌(ren)性(xing)。

老化是指(zhi)在(zai)高溫條(tiao)件下，絕(jue)緣和護套(tao)材(cai)料保(bao)持其(qi)原有性能(neng)的(de)能(neng)力(li)，老化不(bu)應嚴(yan)重影(ying)響(xiang)材(cai)料的(de)抗(kang)張強度和伸長率(lv)，這些(xie)都將直接影(ying)響(xiang)電(dian)(dian)纜的(de)使用壽命(ming)，若抗(kang)張強度和斷裂(lie)伸長率(lv)不(bu)合格，進行(xing)電(dian)(dian)纜的(de)施工安裝時就極易出(chu)現護套(tao)或絕(jue)緣體斷裂(lie)，或在(zai)光、熱環境下使用的(de)電(dian)(dian)纜其(qi)護套(tao)和絕(jue)緣容(rong)易變脆，斷裂(lie)，致(zhi)使帶電(dian)(dian)導體裸露，發生觸電(dian)(dian)危險(xian)。

另外(wai)(wai)軟(ruan)電(dian)纜(lan)由于(yu)不是固定(ding)敷設，使(shi)用中存(cun)在反復拖拉、彎(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)等(deng)情(qing)況，所以對(dui)于(yu)軟(ruan)電(dian)纜(lan)標準(zhun)又另外(wai)(wai)規定(ding)了在其成品電(dian)纜(lan)上(shang)加做(zuo)動態(tai)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)撓(nao)(nao)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、彎(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、荷重斷(duan)芯試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、絕緣(yuan)(yuan)線芯撕裂(lie)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、靜態(tai)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)撓(nao)(nao)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)等(deng)，以保證這(zhe)種線纜(lan)在實(shi)際使(shi)用中滿足要求(qiu)。如動態(tai)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)撓(nao)(nao)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)主要考核軟(ruan)電(dian)纜(lan)在受(shou)到外(wai)(wai)界的(de)機(ji)械(xie)拉伸和彎(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)等(deng)應(ying)力時，軟(ruan)導體的(de)絞(jiao)合線絲是否斷(duan)裂(lie)而降(jiang)低電(dian)的(de)傳(chuan)輸性(xing)能(neng)，或(huo)者刺破絕緣(yuan)(yuan)而降(jiang)低絕緣(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)氣性(xing)能(neng);絕緣(yuan)(yuan)在受(shou)到應(ying)力作用是是否變形(xing)或(huo)開(kai)裂(lie)而影響(xiang)電(dian)纜(lan)的(de)電(dian)氣絕緣(yuan)(yuan)性(xing)能(neng)的(de)一種試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)方法。

3.絕緣和護套材料性能(neng)試驗

包括熱(re)(re)失重(zhong)、熱(re)(re)沖擊(ji)、高(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)壓力、低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)彎曲、低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)拉伸、低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)沖擊(ji)、阻(zu)(zu)燃(ran)(ran)性能(neng)(neng)(neng)等等。這些都(dou)是考(kao)查絕緣和(he)護(hu)套(tao)的(de)塑料(liao)材料(liao)的(de)性能(neng)(neng)(neng)好(hao)壞(huai)，如熱(re)(re)失重(zhong)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)是檢測(ce)(ce)經過(guo)7天80℃的(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)老化后(hou)材料(liao)降解、揮發的(de)程度;熱(re)(re)沖擊(ji)檢測(ce)(ce)在(zai)(zai)150℃高(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)1h后(hou)經特殊卷繞的(de)絕緣表(biao)面是否有開(kai)裂(lie);高(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)壓力檢測(ce)(ce)絕緣材料(liao)在(zai)(zai)經過(guo)高(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)再冷卻后(hou)其彈性的(de)保(bao)持程度;所(suo)有的(de)低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)一(yi)(yi)般指在(zai)(zai)-15℃條件下其機(ji)械性能(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)變(bian)化，都(dou)是檢測(ce)(ce)線(xian)纜材料(liao)在(zai)(zai)低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)環境下是否變(bian)脆、易開(kai)裂(lie)或易拉斷等。 另外(wai)電(dian)纜的(de)阻(zu)(zu)燃(ran)(ran)性能(neng)(neng)(neng)勝(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)很重(zhong)要，考(kao)查該(gai)項性能(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)為不延燃(ran)(ran)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)，即對按標準安(an)裝的(de)成品電(dian)纜用專門的(de)火(huo)焰點燃(ran)(ran)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)的(de)時(shi)間，待其火(huo)焰自行熄滅(mie)后(hou)檢查線(xian)纜被(bei)燒的(de)情況，當然被(bei)燒掉的(de)部分越少越好(hao)，說明(ming)其燃(ran)(ran)燒性差，阻(zu)(zu)燃(ran)(ran)性好(hao)，越安(an)全。

4.標志檢查

標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)要(yao)求電(dian)纜包裝上應附(fu)有表示(shi)產品(pin)型號(hao)、規(gui)(gui)格(ge)、標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)號(hao)、廠名(ming)和產地的(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)簽或(huo)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)，規(gui)(gui)格(ge)包括額定電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)、芯數和導體標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)稱截面等；電(dian)纜表面應印有制造(zao)廠名(ming)、產品(pin)型號(hao)和額定電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)連續標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)，標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)間距(ju)要(yao)求≤200mm(絕緣表面)或(huo)≤500mm (護(hu)套(tao)表面)，標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)內容應齊全、清晰、耐擦，這個要(yao)求是(shi)方便(bian)使用者了解電(dian)纜的(de)(de)型號(hao)規(gui)(gui)格(ge)及(ji)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)等級(ji)，以防敷(fu)設錯(cuo)誤(wu)。

另外，電線(xian)(xian)絕緣(yuan)線(xian)(xian)芯應優先(xian)選用(yong)標準(zhun)推薦的(de)顏色，特別要提的(de)是黃(huang)/綠(lv)雙(shuang)色線(xian)(xian)芯，這種(zhong)線(xian)(xian)一般用(yong)在(zai)電器產品的(de)電源線(xian)(xian)中，這條特殊雙(shuang)色線(xian)(xian)專用(yong)于(yu)接地，對于(yu)黃(huang)/綠(lv)搭配標準(zhun)也有以下(xia)規定：即對每一段長巧~的(de)雙(shuang)色絕緣(yuan)線(xian)(xian)芯，其(qi)中一種(zhong)顏色應至(zhi)少(shao)覆蓋絕緣(yuan)線(xian)(xian)芯表面(mian)的(de)30%，且(qie)不大于(yu)70%，而另一種(zhong)顏色則覆蓋絕緣(yuan)線(xian)(xian)芯的(de)其(qi)余(yu)部分(fen)，即黃(huang)/綠(lv)雙(shuang)色應基(ji)本均衡搭配。

5.結構尺寸檢測

包(bao)括(kuo)絕(jue)(jue)緣和(he)護套(tao)的(de)厚度(du)(du)(du)、最(zui)薄厚度(du)(du)(du)、外(wai)形尺(chi)寸(cun)等。絕(jue)(jue)緣和(he)護套(tao)的(de)厚度(du)(du)(du)大(da)小(xiao)對(dui)于(yu)電纜能夠耐(nai)受多大(da)強(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)的(de)電壓，以及其(qi)機械性能好壞都(dou)有很重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)的(de)作(zuo)用，所以對(dui)于(yu)不(bu)同規格的(de)電纜，標準對(dui)厚度(du)(du)(du)都(dou)有嚴格規定，要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)不(bu)得(de)低于(yu)國家標準的(de)規定值。電纜絕(jue)(jue)緣厚度(du)(du)(du)太(tai)薄會嚴重(zhong)影響電纜的(de)使用安全，會帶來電纜擊穿、導體(ti)裸露引起(qi)漏電等安全隱(yin)患(huan)，當然(ran)也不(bu)是越厚越好，應不(bu)影響安裝(zhuang)，故(gu)標準又設了一個(ge)外(wai)形尺(chi)寸(cun)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)對(dui)此進(jin)行(xing)限(xian)制。

常見的認證標志

1.CCC認證(zheng)強制性認證(zheng)，是進(jin)入(ru)國內市場的(de)通(tong)行證(zheng)。

2.CB認證有利于(yu)產品出口用于(yu)家(jia)庭、辦公(gong)室、車(che)間(jian)和類似場所的直接涉及人(ren)身(shen)安全(quan)(quan)的電工產品，這(zhe)類產品在(zai)一部分國(guo)家(jia)中實行強制(zhi)性認證，即取得該(gai)國(guo)的認證合(he)格證書后(hou)，才允許出口到該(gai)國(guo)，并在(zai)該(gai)國(guo)市(shi)場上銷售。即使(shi)在(zai)未實行強制(zhi)性認證的國(guo)家(jia)中，消費者為了自(zi)身(shen)的安全(quan)(quan)，都愿(yuan)意購(gou)買(mai)經過認證而帶有認證標志的產品。

3.CE認證

是產品進入歐(ou)(ou)盟及(ji)歐(ou)(ou)洲(zhou)貿易自由區國家市場的通(tong)行證。獲(huo)得認證并(bing)貼有CE標志的產品將(jiang)降(jiang)低在歐(ou)(ou)洲(zhou)市場上銷售(shou)的風險：

1）被海(hai)關扣留(liu)和查(cha)處的風險;

2）被市場監(jian)督機構查處(chu)的風(feng)險;

3）同行出于競(jing)爭目的的指(zhi)控風險(xian)。