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船用電纜

中(zhong)文(wen)名

船用電纜

全    稱

船用電力電纜

主要用途

水上(shang)建筑的電力照明和一般(ban)控制用(yong)

執行標準

IEC60092-350

1簡介

船用電(dian)(dian)纜又稱船用電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)纜，是一種用于河海各種船舶及(ji)海上(shang)石(shi)油平臺等水上(shang)建筑的電(dian)(dian)力、照明和(he)一般控制(zhi)之用的電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜。

主要用(yong)途：應用(yong)于(yu)(yu)用(yong)于(yu)(yu)河海(hai)各種船舶及海(hai)上石油平臺(tai)等水上建(jian)筑的電力、照明和一般控制之(zhi)用(yong)。

執行標準：船用電力電纜的執行標準：IEC60092-350，IEC60092-353或GB9331-88。

船用電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)纜主要參數(shu)有型號規格、芯數(shu)、燃燒特性、額定電(dian)(dian)壓、溫度、標(biao)稱截面積等(deng)主要參數(shu)。

2分類

從種類上分，船(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)可分為兩類：民船(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、軍艦用(yong)電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)。

從用(yong)(yong)(yong)途(tu)上(shang)分(fen)(fen)，船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜可分(fen)(fen)為(wei)三類：船(chuan)(chuan)/艦用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜、船(chuan)(chuan)/艦用(yong)(yong)(yong)控制電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜、船(chuan)(chuan)/艦用(yong)(yong)(yong)通訊電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜。其作用(yong)(yong)(yong)分(fen)(fen)別是：

船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)力電(dian)纜：用(yong)(yong)于(yu)河海(hai)(hai)各種船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)及海(hai)(hai)上石油平臺等水上建筑的(de)電(dian)力、照明和一般控制之用(yong)(yong)。

船用控制電纜：用于河海各種船舶及海上(shang)石油平臺等(deng)水上(shang)建筑一般控制之用。

船用(yong)通信電纜(lan)：用(yong)于各(ge)種傳(chuan)播通信、電子計(ji)算機、信息處理設備(bei)中的信號傳(chuan)輸和控制(zhi)系(xi)統。

3選擇原則

船(chuan)舶電力系(xi)統中各(ge)電纜(lan)的選擇(ze)步驟和原則

1、根據電纜(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)用途、敷設位置(zhi)和工作條件選擇合(he)適的(de)(de)電纜(lan)(lan)型號(hao)。

2、 根據用電(dian)(dian)設備的工作(zuo)制、電(dian)(dian)源種(zhong)類(lei)、電(dian)(dian)纜線芯和負載電(dian)(dian)流選擇合適(shi)的電(dian)(dian)纜截面。

3、根據系統短(duan)路(lu)電流計算結果，片斷電纜的短(duan)路(lu)容(rong)量是否(fou)滿足要求。

4、 根據環境溫度對電(dian)纜的(de)額定載(zai)(zai)流量進行(xing)修(xiu)正(zheng)，然后(hou)再判斷電(dian)纜的(de)允許電(dian)流是否大(da)于負載(zai)(zai)電(dian)流。

5、 根據(ju)成束敷設修正(zheng)系數，對(dui)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)額定載(zai)流量進行修正(zheng)，然后，再判斷電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)允(yun)許電(dian)(dian)流是否(fou)大于負(fu)載(zai)電(dian)(dian)流。

6、校(xiao)核線路電壓降，判(pan)斷(duan)線路電壓降是否(fou)小于規定值。

7、根據保護(hu)裝置(zhi)的整(zheng)定值，判(pan)斷(duan)電(dian)纜(lan)與保護(hu)裝置(zhi)是(shi)否協(xie)調(diao)；如果不協(xie)調(diao)，判(pan)斷(duan)是(shi)否可以改變合適(shi)的保護(hu)裝置(zhi)或(huo)整(zheng)定值，否則(ze)應(ying)重新選擇合適(shi)的電(dian)纜(lan)載(zai)面。

船用電纜型號選擇

船用電纜(lan)型號的選擇應考慮下述因(yin)素：

1、電(dian)纜的用(yong)途———用(yong)于動力、照明(ming)和(he)無線(xian)電(dian)通信等。

2、電(dian)纜敷設位置———干燥、潮(chao)濕、低溫(wen)和是否要求屏蔽等。

3、工(gong)作條件———固定敷(fu)設、穿管數設和可移動等。

4發展趨勢

根據幾年國內外船(chuan)舶工業的發展，預計未來船(chuan)舶市場需(xu)求呈現出以大(da)噸位為主，具有(you)高技術含(han)量和高附加值等特(te)點。

調查顯(xian)示(shi)，世(shi)(shi)界(jie)造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)正在(zai)加速(su)向中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)轉移。目前我(wo)國(guo)長三角地區，依靠其黃金(jin)水(shui)道與(yu)黃金(jin)海岸交匯(hui)的地緣優勢，已經成為世(shi)(shi)界(jie)造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)業(ye)投資轉移的集(ji)聚區。國(guo)際市場受外部經濟(ji)環境而影(ying)響，與(yu)前幾年相比將有短時期的低(di)迷。但(dan)是(shi)國(guo)內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)(bo)工(gong)業(ye)將會持續興旺(wang)，受到我(wo)國(guo)海洋開發戰略(lve)實(shi)施的影(ying)響，國(guo)內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)(bo)工(gong)業(ye)面臨巨大(da)發展空間(jian)。我(wo)國(guo)能成功制造的新型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)(bo)種類不斷增加，例如：成品油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、化學品船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海洋工(gong)程船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠洋漁船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)型(xing)集(ji)裝箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、客(ke)滾船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、滾裝船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化石油氣(qi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化天然(ran)氣(qi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)型(xing)冷藏船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、散貨(huo)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、漁政船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、軍用船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、自卸船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)艙口(kou)多(duo)用途船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、穿梭油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速(su)無(wu)艙蓋(gai)集(ji)裝箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速(su)水(shui)翼客(ke)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海上儲油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、巨型(xing)油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和內河船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)(bo)等(deng)(deng)；另(ling)外還(huan)有與(yu)緝私艇(ting)、救生艇(ting)、游艇(ting)等(deng)(deng)小型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)(bo)艦艇(ting)。

我(wo)國(guo)船(chuan)舶工(gong)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)快速發展(zhan)，將(jiang)進(jin)一步拉動船(chuan)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)市(shi)場(chang)需求(qiu)。受船(chuan)舶工(gong)作環境的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響，船(chuan)舶上(shang)所使用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)基本都是(shi)無鹵、低煙(yan)型、耐鹽堿的(de)(de)(de)(de)特種電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)。在海上(shang)平臺作業(ye)中，縱向水(shui)(shui)(shui)密封電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)、臍帶電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)將(jiang)會(hui)(hui)(hui)得(de)到大(da)量(liang)使用(yong)(yong)。我(wo)國(guo)整體的(de)(de)(de)(de)船(chuan)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)行業(ye)受國(guo)內外船(chuan)舶工(gong)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)需求(qiu)量(liang)也(ye)(ye)會(hui)(hui)(hui)大(da)大(da)增加；而(er)軍用(yong)(yong)艦船(chuan)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)下(xia)航行體、魚雷、水(shui)(shui)(shui)下(xia)誘餌、水(shui)(shui)(shui)下(xia)偵察器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)和光纖光纜(lan)(lan)(lan)市(shi)場(chang)需求(qiu)也(ye)(ye)會(hui)(hui)(hui)大(da)幅度增加。除(chu)此之外，船(chuan)舶的(de)(de)(de)(de)維修以及碼頭等相關設施(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)建設也(ye)(ye)會(hui)(hui)(hui)為(wei)其他常用(yong)(yong)類電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)提供很大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)市(shi)場(chang)需求(qiu)空間。