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不合格(ge)電(dian)線電(dian)纜的危(wei)害

電線電纜是(shi)用于傳輸(shu)電力(li)、傳輸(shu)信息和實現電磁能量轉換(huan)的(de)一大類(lei)電工產品。在抽(chou)查過程中(zhong)，發(fa)現了(le)大量的(de)不合格產品，這(zhe)些劣質產品給(gei)電力(li)系統正常運行埋下諸(zhu)多隱(yin)患。

1、標(biao)(biao)志不合格(ge)的電線(xian)電纜(lan)。標(biao)(biao)志是電線(xian)電纜(lan)使用識別產(chan)品(pin)基本信息的主(zhu)要(yao)途(tu)徑，根據標(biao)(biao)準規(gui)定標(biao)(biao)志的主(zhu)要(yao)內容是：產(chan)品(pin)型(xing)號(hao)(hao)、規(gui)格(ge)、標(biao)(biao)準號(hao)(hao)、廠名、產(chan)地等在一定的標(biao)(biao)示(shi)間距內，當標(biao)(biao)志不合格(ge)時，會造成施工人員識別錯誤，嚴重時會引發電氣事故。

2、結構尺寸(cun)不合格的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)。結構尺寸(cun)的(de)主要(yao)問題是護(hu)套厚度(du)(du)，絕緣(yuan)厚度(du)(du)，當電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)護(hu)套和絕緣(yuan)厚度(du)(du)不達標時(shi)，致(zhi)使電(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)耐電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)強度(du)(du)會嚴(yan)重(zhong)降(jiang)低，導致(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)使用壽命(ming)縮短(duan)，嚴(yan)重(zhong)時(shi)可導致(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)被擊穿，絕緣(yuan)（護(hu)套）層(ceng)起不到正常保護(hu)作(zuo)用，從(cong)而發生電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)短(duan)路和火(huo)災(zai)等現象。

3、護套式(shi)絕緣老(lao)化前的(de)(de)抗張強度(du)(du)、伸長率(lv)合格(ge)(ge)的(de)(de)電線電纜。絕緣護套老(lao)化前的(de)(de)抗張強度(du)(du)、伸長率(lv)不(bu)合格(ge)(ge)直接大(da)大(da)縮短電線電纜的(de)(de)工作用(yong)壽(shou)命，而且在(zai)施工或(huo)在(zai)長時(shi)間通電且溫度(du)(du)較(jiao)高的(de)(de)環(huan)境中，極(ji)易出現絕緣體斷裂(lie)，致使帶(dai)電導體裸露(lu)，發(fa)生(sheng)能觸電式(shi)短路危險。其(qi)不(bu)合格(ge)(ge)的(de)(de)主要(yao)原因是使用(yong)了(le)再生(sheng)料生(sheng)產(chan)，以降低產(chan)品成本，二是不(bu)具備(bei)生(sheng)產(chan)資格(ge)(ge)小型企(qi)業。

4、導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)不合格(ge)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線。導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)是考核電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)材(cai)(cai)料以(yi)及截面是否符合的(de)重要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)指標。當導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)超(chao)標時(shi)，就增大了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流在線路上通(tong)過時(shi)的(de)損耗，加劇了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)發熱。導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)不合格(ge)的(de)原因，主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)進企業為了降低成本，將占原材(cai)(cai)料成本80%的(de)銅材(cai)(cai)縮水(shui)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)么(me)降低導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)截面積，要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)么(me)使用(yong)含(han)雜質過高的(de)再生銅，這樣致(zhi)使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)嚴重超(chao)標，在使用(yong)過程中除易(yi)引發火災，還(huan)會加速包(bao)覆在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線外的(de)絕緣層的(de)老化。

在購買(mai)電(dian)線電(dian)纜的過(guo)程(cheng)中，消(xiao)費(fei)者應注(zhu)意以下幾個事

第一、要觀察(cha)電線(xian)的(de)(de)外觀。合(he)格(ge)產品的(de)(de)絕緣（護套）層柔(rou)軟(ruan)、有韌性和伸縮(suo)性、表面層緊密、光(guang)滑、無粗糙(cao)感。如果包裹電線(xian)的(de)(de)塑料很容易被剝去，則存在塑料強度不夠(gou)的(de)(de)問(wen)題。

第二、要看(kan)電(dian)線的截(jie)面。合格產品的銅芯(xin)或鋁芯(xin)表面應該具有金屬光澤，表面發(fa)黑的銅或表面發(fa)白的鋁說(shuo)明已(yi)被氧化。

第三、在購買(mai)電(dian)線時應(ying)注意查看質(zhi)量合格證書。如果電(dian)線的質(zhi)量合格，那么其電(dian)線質(zhi)量應(ying)該也受(shou)過檢驗(yan)，不會有(you)太(tai)大的問題。

沈(shen)陽凱(kai)鵬電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)制造有限公(gong)司隸屬凱(kai)鵬集團下屬子(zi)公(gong)司，專門從(cong)事電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)研(yan)發(fa)、生(sheng)產制造，是(shi)全(quan)國頗(po)具實力的沈(shen)陽電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)廠家(jia)，主營產品(pin)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)、控(kong)制電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)、橡套(tao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣裝備用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)計算機電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)、BTTZ電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)、YTTW電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)等，以(yi)及電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)代(dai)加(jia)工。小(xiao)編每天會(hui)在公(gong)司官(guan)網(wang)發(fa)布電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)價(jia)格表，及時更(geng)新銅價(jia)以(yi)及電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)廠報價(jia)信(xin)息。更(geng)多有關電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)信(xin)息可點擊公(gong)司官(guan)網(wang)szbowen.cn