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船用電纜

中文(wen)名

船用電纜

全(quan)    稱

船用電力電纜

主要用途

水上建(jian)筑的電力照明和一般(ban)控制(zhi)用

執行標準

IEC60092-350

1簡介

船(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)又稱(cheng)船(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)，是一(yi)(yi)種用(yong)于河海各(ge)種船(chuan)舶及海上石油(you)平(ping)臺等水上建(jian)筑(zhu)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力、照明和一(yi)(yi)般控制之用(yong)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)。

主要用(yong)(yong)途(tu)：應(ying)用(yong)(yong)于用(yong)(yong)于河海各種船舶及(ji)海上石油平臺(tai)等水上建筑(zhu)的電力、照明和一般控制(zhi)之(zhi)用(yong)(yong)。

執(zhi)行(xing)標準(zhun)：船用電力電纜的執(zhi)行(xing)標準(zhun)：IEC60092-350，IEC60092-353或(huo)GB9331-88。

船用電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)主要參數有型號規(gui)格、芯數、燃燒(shao)特(te)性(xing)、額定(ding)電(dian)壓(ya)、溫度、標稱截面積等主要參數。

2分類

從種類上分(fen)，船用電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)可(ke)分(fen)為(wei)兩類：民船用電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、軍艦用電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)。

從用途上分(fen)(fen)，船用電(dian)纜(lan)可分(fen)(fen)為三類：船/艦用電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)、船/艦用控制電(dian)纜(lan)、船/艦用通訊電(dian)纜(lan)。其作(zuo)用分(fen)(fen)別是：

船用電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)纜：用于河海(hai)各種船舶及海(hai)上(shang)石油(you)平臺等水(shui)上(shang)建筑的電(dian)(dian)力、照(zhao)明和一(yi)般控制之用。

船用(yong)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)電纜：用(yong)于(yu)河(he)海各種船舶及海上石油平臺等水上建筑(zhu)一(yi)般控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)之用(yong)。

船用(yong)通(tong)信電纜：用(yong)于(yu)各(ge)種傳播通(tong)信、電子計算機、信息處理設(she)備中的信號傳輸和控(kong)制系統。

3選擇原則

船舶電力系統中各電纜的選(xuan)擇步驟和原則(ze)

1、根據(ju)電(dian)(dian)纜的用途、敷設位置和(he)工作條件選擇合(he)適(shi)的電(dian)(dian)纜型(xing)號。

2、 根據用電(dian)設備的工作制、電(dian)源種類、電(dian)纜線芯和負(fu)載(zai)電(dian)流選擇(ze)合適的電(dian)纜截(jie)面。

3、根據系統(tong)短路電(dian)流計算結(jie)果，片斷電(dian)纜(lan)的(de)短路容量(liang)是否滿(man)足要求。

4、 根(gen)據環境溫(wen)度對(dui)電(dian)纜的額定載(zai)(zai)流(liu)(liu)量進(jin)行修正，然后再判斷電(dian)纜的允許(xu)電(dian)流(liu)(liu)是否(fou)大于負(fu)載(zai)(zai)電(dian)流(liu)(liu)。

5、 根(gen)據成束敷設修正系數，對(dui)電(dian)纜(lan)的額定載(zai)流量(liang)進(jin)行修正，然(ran)后，再判斷電(dian)纜(lan)的允許(xu)電(dian)流是(shi)否(fou)大于負載(zai)電(dian)流。

6、校核線路電壓(ya)降，判斷線路電壓(ya)降是否小于規定值(zhi)。

7、根據保(bao)護裝(zhuang)置(zhi)的整(zheng)定(ding)(ding)值，判(pan)斷電(dian)(dian)纜與保(bao)護裝(zhuang)置(zhi)是(shi)否(fou)協調；如果不協調，判(pan)斷是(shi)否(fou)可以改變合適的保(bao)護裝(zhuang)置(zhi)或整(zheng)定(ding)(ding)值，否(fou)則應重新選擇合適的電(dian)(dian)纜載面。

船用電纜型號選擇

船用電纜型號的選擇(ze)應考慮下述因素：

1、電纜的用途———用于動力、照明和無線電通(tong)信等(deng)。

2、電纜敷(fu)設位置(zhi)———干燥、潮濕(shi)、低(di)溫和是否要求屏蔽等。

3、工作條(tiao)件(jian)———固(gu)定敷設、穿管數設和可移動等(deng)。

4發展趨勢

根據幾年國內外(wai)船舶工業的發展，預(yu)計未來(lai)船舶市場需求(qiu)呈現(xian)出(chu)以大噸位為主(zhu)，具有高(gao)技術(shu)含(han)量和高(gao)附加(jia)值等特點(dian)。

調查顯示，世界造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)中心正在加(jia)速向中國轉(zhuan)移。目前我國長三角地區，依靠其黃金水道與(yu)黃金海(hai)岸交匯的(de)(de)地緣優勢，已(yi)經成為(wei)世界造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)業投資轉(zhuan)移的(de)(de)集聚(ju)區。國際市場受外部(bu)經濟環境而影響，與(yu)前幾(ji)年(nian)相比將有(you)短時期的(de)(de)低迷。但是國內(nei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工業將會持續興旺，受到我國海(hai)洋(yang)開(kai)發戰(zhan)略實施(shi)的(de)(de)影響，國內(nei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工業面臨巨大(da)發展(zhan)空間。我國能(neng)成功制造的(de)(de)新型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)種類不斷增加(jia)，例(li)如：成品油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、化(hua)(hua)學品船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海(hai)洋(yang)工程船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠洋(yang)漁船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)型(xing)集裝(zhuang)箱(xiang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、客滾船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、滾裝(zhuang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化(hua)(hua)石(shi)油(you)氣(qi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化(hua)(hua)天然氣(qi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)型(xing)冷藏船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、散(san)貨船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、漁政(zheng)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、軍用船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、自卸船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)艙(cang)口多用途船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、穿梭油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速無艙(cang)蓋集裝(zhuang)箱(xiang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速水翼客船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海(hai)上儲(chu)油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、巨型(xing)油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和(he)內(nei)河船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)等；另外還有(you)與(yu)緝私艇(ting)、救生(sheng)艇(ting)、游艇(ting)等小型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)艦艇(ting)。

我國船(chuan)(chuan)舶工業(ye)的(de)快速(su)發展，將(jiang)進一(yi)步拉動船(chuan)(chuan)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)市(shi)場需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)。受船(chuan)(chuan)舶工作環(huan)境(jing)的(de)影響，船(chuan)(chuan)舶上所使(shi)用的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)基本都是無鹵、低(di)煙型、耐鹽(yan)堿的(de)特種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)。在海(hai)上平臺(tai)作業(ye)中，縱向(xiang)水(shui)密封電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)、臍帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)將(jiang)會(hui)得到大(da)(da)量(liang)使(shi)用。我國整(zheng)體(ti)的(de)船(chuan)(chuan)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)行業(ye)受國內外船(chuan)(chuan)舶工業(ye)的(de)發展需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)量(liang)也(ye)會(hui)大(da)(da)大(da)(da)增加；而軍用艦船(chuan)(chuan)、水(shui)下航行體(ti)、魚雷、水(shui)下誘餌、水(shui)下偵察器的(de)專用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)和(he)光(guang)纖(xian)光(guang)纜(lan)(lan)市(shi)場需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)也(ye)會(hui)大(da)(da)幅度增加。除此之外，船(chuan)(chuan)舶的(de)維修(xiu)以及(ji)碼頭等相關設施的(de)建(jian)設也(ye)會(hui)為其他常用類電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)提供(gong)很(hen)大(da)(da)的(de)市(shi)場需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)空(kong)間。