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船用電纜

中文名

船用電纜

全    稱

船用電力電纜

主要用途

水上建筑的電力照明(ming)和一般控制(zhi)用

執行標準

IEC60092-350

1簡介

船(chuan)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)又稱船(chuan)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)，是一種用(yong)(yong)于(yu)河海各(ge)種船(chuan)舶(bo)及海上石油平臺等水(shui)上建筑的電(dian)(dian)(dian)力、照明和一般控制之用(yong)(yong)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)。

主要用(yong)途：應(ying)用(yong)于用(yong)于河海各種船舶及海上石油平臺等水上建筑的電力、照明和一般控制(zhi)之用(yong)。

執行(xing)標準：船用電力電纜的執行(xing)標準：IEC60092-350，IEC60092-353或GB9331-88。

船用(yong)電(dian)力電(dian)纜主(zhu)要(yao)參數(shu)有型(xing)號規格、芯(xin)數(shu)、燃燒(shao)特(te)性(xing)、額定(ding)電(dian)壓(ya)、溫度、標(biao)稱截面積等(deng)主(zhu)要(yao)參數(shu)。

2分類

從種(zhong)類上(shang)分(fen)，船用(yong)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)可分(fen)為兩類：民船用(yong)電(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、軍艦用(yong)電(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)。

從用(yong)途上分，船用(yong)電纜(lan)可分為三類：船/艦(jian)用(yong)電力(li)電纜(lan)、船/艦(jian)用(yong)控制電纜(lan)、船/艦(jian)用(yong)通(tong)訊(xun)電纜(lan)。其作用(yong)分別是(shi)：

船用(yong)電力電纜：用(yong)于河(he)海(hai)各(ge)種船舶(bo)及(ji)海(hai)上(shang)石油平臺等(deng)水(shui)上(shang)建筑(zhu)的電力、照明和(he)一(yi)般控制之用(yong)。

船用(yong)控制電(dian)纜：用(yong)于(yu)河海各(ge)種船舶及海上(shang)石油平臺等水(shui)上(shang)建(jian)筑一般控制之(zhi)用(yong)。

船用通信(xin)(xin)電纜：用于(yu)各(ge)種傳(chuan)(chuan)播通信(xin)(xin)、電子計算機(ji)、信(xin)(xin)息處理設備中(zhong)的信(xin)(xin)號傳(chuan)(chuan)輸(shu)和(he)控(kong)制系統。

3選擇原則

船舶電力系統中各電纜的(de)選擇步驟和原則(ze)

1、根(gen)據電(dian)纜的用途、敷設位置和工作(zuo)條件(jian)選擇合適的電(dian)纜型號。

2、 根據用電(dian)設備的工作制、電(dian)源種類、電(dian)纜線芯和(he)負載電(dian)流選擇合適的電(dian)纜截面。

3、根據(ju)系統短路電流計算結(jie)果，片斷電纜的短路容量是否滿(man)足要求。

4、 根據環境溫度對(dui)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)額定(ding)載流量(liang)進行修正，然(ran)后再判斷(duan)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)允許(xu)電(dian)流是(shi)否大于負載電(dian)流。

5、 根據成束敷設修正系數，對電纜的(de)額(e)定(ding)載流(liu)量進行修正，然后，再判斷電纜的(de)允許電流(liu)是否大于負載電流(liu)。

6、校核線路電壓(ya)降，判斷線路電壓(ya)降是否小于規定(ding)值。

7、根據保(bao)護裝(zhuang)置的(de)整定(ding)值，判斷電纜與保(bao)護裝(zhuang)置是否(fou)協(xie)(xie)調(diao)；如果不(bu)協(xie)(xie)調(diao)，判斷是否(fou)可(ke)以改變(bian)合(he)適(shi)的(de)保(bao)護裝(zhuang)置或整定(ding)值，否(fou)則應重新選擇合(he)適(shi)的(de)電纜載面。

船用電纜型號選擇

船用電纜型號的選擇應考慮下述因(yin)素：

1、電(dian)纜的用(yong)途(tu)———用(yong)于動力、照(zhao)明(ming)和無線電(dian)通信(xin)等。

2、電(dian)纜(lan)敷設位置———干(gan)燥、潮濕、低溫和是否要(yao)求(qiu)屏蔽等。

3、工(gong)作條件———固定敷設、穿(chuan)管數設和(he)可移動等(deng)。

4發展趨勢

根據幾年國內外(wai)船舶工業的發展，預計未來船舶市(shi)場需(xu)求呈(cheng)現出(chu)以大噸位(wei)為主(zhu)，具有高技術含量和高附加值(zhi)等特點(dian)。

調查顯示，世界造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)中心正(zheng)在(zai)加速向中國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)轉(zhuan)移(yi)。目前我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)長三(san)角(jiao)地(di)區，依靠(kao)其黃(huang)金水道與黃(huang)金海(hai)岸交匯的地(di)緣(yuan)優勢，已經(jing)成為(wei)世界造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)業投資轉(zhuan)移(yi)的集(ji)(ji)聚區。國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際市場(chang)受外部經(jing)濟環(huan)境(jing)而影(ying)響(xiang)，與前幾年相比將有(you)短時(shi)期(qi)的低迷。但是國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工業將會持續興旺(wang)，受到(dao)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)海(hai)洋開(kai)發(fa)戰略實施的影(ying)響(xiang)，國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工業面臨(lin)巨(ju)大發(fa)展空間。我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)能成功制(zhi)造的新型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)種類(lei)不斷增加，例如(ru)：成品油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、化(hua)學品船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海(hai)洋工程(cheng)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠洋漁(yu)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大型(xing)集(ji)(ji)裝(zhuang)箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、客滾(gun)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、滾(gun)裝(zhuang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液(ye)化(hua)石油(you)氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液(ye)化(hua)天然氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大型(xing)冷藏船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、散貨船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、漁(yu)政(zheng)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、軍用船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、自(zi)卸(xie)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大艙(cang)口多用途船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、穿梭油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速無艙(cang)蓋集(ji)(ji)裝(zhuang)箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速水翼客船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海(hai)上(shang)儲油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、巨(ju)型(xing)油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和(he)內河船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)等(deng)；另(ling)外還有(you)與緝私艇(ting)、救生(sheng)艇(ting)、游(you)艇(ting)等(deng)小型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)艦艇(ting)。

我(wo)國船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)工業的(de)(de)快速(su)發展，將進一步(bu)拉動船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)(de)市(shi)場需求(qiu)(qiu)。受船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)工作(zuo)環境的(de)(de)影響(xiang)，船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)上(shang)(shang)所使用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)基本都是無鹵(lu)、低煙型、耐鹽堿的(de)(de)特種電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)。在海上(shang)(shang)平臺作(zuo)業中，縱向水密封電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、臍帶電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)將會(hui)得(de)到大(da)(da)量(liang)使用(yong)(yong)。我(wo)國整體的(de)(de)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)行(xing)業受國內(nei)外(wai)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)工業的(de)(de)發展需求(qiu)(qiu)量(liang)也會(hui)大(da)(da)大(da)(da)增加(jia)；而(er)軍用(yong)(yong)艦船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、水下(xia)航行(xing)體、魚雷(lei)、水下(xia)誘(you)餌、水下(xia)偵察器(qi)的(de)(de)專用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)和(he)光纖(xian)光纜(lan)市(shi)場需求(qiu)(qiu)也會(hui)大(da)(da)幅度增加(jia)。除(chu)此之外(wai)，船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)的(de)(de)維修以及(ji)碼頭等相關(guan)設(she)施的(de)(de)建設(she)也會(hui)為其他常(chang)用(yong)(yong)類電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)提供很大(da)(da)的(de)(de)市(shi)場需求(qiu)(qiu)空間。