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不(bu)合格(ge)電線電纜的(de)危害

電線(xian)電纜是用于(yu)傳(chuan)輸(shu)電力、傳(chuan)輸(shu)信息和(he)實現(xian)電磁能量(liang)轉換的(de)(de)一大類電工產品(pin)。在抽查過程(cheng)中，發現(xian)了(le)大量(liang)的(de)(de)不合格產品(pin)，這些劣質(zhi)產品(pin)給電力系統正(zheng)常(chang)運行埋(mai)下(xia)諸多隱患。

1、標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)不合格(ge)(ge)的(de)電(dian)線電(dian)纜。標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)是(shi)電(dian)線電(dian)纜使用識(shi)別(bie)產(chan)品基本信息的(de)主(zhu)要途徑(jing)，根據標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準規(gui)定標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)的(de)主(zhu)要內(nei)容(rong)是(shi)：產(chan)品型號、規(gui)格(ge)(ge)、標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準號、廠(chang)名、產(chan)地等在一(yi)定的(de)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)示間(jian)距(ju)內(nei)，當(dang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)不合格(ge)(ge)時，會造成(cheng)施工人員識(shi)別(bie)錯誤，嚴重(zhong)時會引發(fa)電(dian)氣事(shi)故。

2、結(jie)構(gou)尺(chi)寸不合格的(de)電(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)。結(jie)構(gou)尺(chi)寸的(de)主要問題是(shi)護套厚度(du)，絕緣厚度(du)，當(dang)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)護套和絕緣厚度(du)不達標(biao)時(shi)，致使電(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)耐電(dian)(dian)氣強度(du)會嚴重降低，導致電(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)使用壽(shou)命縮短，嚴重時(shi)可導致電(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)被擊穿，絕緣（護套）層(ceng)起不到正(zheng)常保護作用，從而發生電(dian)(dian)氣短路和火災等(deng)現象。

3、護(hu)套式絕緣老化(hua)前(qian)的(de)(de)(de)抗張強度、伸(shen)(shen)長率(lv)合格(ge)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)線電(dian)纜。絕緣護(hu)套老化(hua)前(qian)的(de)(de)(de)抗張強度、伸(shen)(shen)長率(lv)不合格(ge)直接大大縮短(duan)電(dian)線電(dian)纜的(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)壽(shou)命，而且(qie)在施工或在長時間(jian)通電(dian)且(qie)溫度較(jiao)高的(de)(de)(de)環(huan)境中，極易出現(xian)絕緣體斷(duan)裂，致使帶電(dian)導體裸(luo)露，發生(sheng)(sheng)能觸電(dian)式短(duan)路(lu)危險(xian)。其不合格(ge)的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要原因是(shi)使用(yong)(yong)了再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)料生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)，以降(jiang)低產(chan)品成本(ben)，二是(shi)不具(ju)備生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)資格(ge)小型企業。

4、導(dao)(dao)體(ti)電(dian)阻不合(he)(he)格的(de)(de)電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)。導(dao)(dao)體(ti)電(dian)阻主要(yao)是考核(he)電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)電(dian)纜(lan)的(de)(de)導(dao)(dao)體(ti)材(cai)料以(yi)及截面是否符合(he)(he)的(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)指標。當導(dao)(dao)體(ti)電(dian)阻超標時，就增(zeng)大(da)了電(dian)流(liu)在線(xian)(xian)(xian)路上通過(guo)時的(de)(de)損耗，加劇了電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)電(dian)纜(lan)的(de)(de)發熱。導(dao)(dao)體(ti)電(dian)阻不合(he)(he)格的(de)(de)原因，主要(yao)進企業為了降(jiang)(jiang)低成本，將占原材(cai)料成本80%的(de)(de)銅(tong)(tong)材(cai)縮水，要(yao)么(me)降(jiang)(jiang)低導(dao)(dao)體(ti)的(de)(de)截面積，要(yao)么(me)使用(yong)含雜質過(guo)高的(de)(de)再(zai)生(sheng)銅(tong)(tong)，這樣(yang)致使電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)電(dian)纜(lan)的(de)(de)導(dao)(dao)體(ti)電(dian)阻嚴重(zhong)超標，在使用(yong)過(guo)程(cheng)中除易引發火災，還會加速包(bao)覆在電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)外的(de)(de)絕緣層的(de)(de)老化。

在(zai)購買電線(xian)電纜的過程中(zhong)，消費者(zhe)應注意以下幾個事

第一、要(yao)觀(guan)察電線的(de)外觀(guan)。合格(ge)產品的(de)絕緣(yuan)（護套）層柔(rou)軟、有韌(ren)性和伸縮性、表面層緊(jin)密、光滑、無(wu)粗糙感。如果包裹(guo)電線的(de)塑(su)料很容易被剝(bo)去，則存在(zai)塑(su)料強度不(bu)夠的(de)問題。

第二(er)、要看電(dian)線的(de)截面。合格產品的(de)銅芯或鋁(lv)芯表(biao)面應(ying)該具有金屬光澤，表(biao)面發(fa)黑的(de)銅或表(biao)面發(fa)白(bai)的(de)鋁(lv)說明已(yi)被氧化。

第三、在(zai)購買電(dian)線(xian)時應注意查看質(zhi)量(liang)合格證書(shu)。如果電(dian)線(xian)的質(zhi)量(liang)合格，那(nei)么其電(dian)線(xian)質(zhi)量(liang)應該也受過檢(jian)驗，不(bu)會有太大的問(wen)題。

沈陽凱(kai)鵬(peng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)制(zhi)造有限(xian)公司(si)隸屬凱(kai)鵬(peng)集團下屬子公司(si)，專門(men)從事(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)研發、生產制(zhi)造，是全國(guo)頗(po)具實力的(de)沈陽電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)廠家，主營產品(pin)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)、控(kong)制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)、橡套電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣裝備(bei)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子計算(suan)機電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)、BTTZ電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)、YTTW電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)等，以(yi)(yi)及電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)代(dai)加工。小(xiao)編每天會在公司(si)官(guan)網發布電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)價格表(biao)，及時更新銅(tong)價以(yi)(yi)及電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)廠報價信(xin)息。更多有關(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)信(xin)息可(ke)點擊公司(si)官(guan)網szbowen.cn