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船用電纜

中文名

船用電纜

全    稱

船用電力電纜

主要用途

水上建筑的電力照明和一般(ban)控制用(yong)

執行標準

IEC60092-350

1簡介

船(chuan)用電(dian)(dian)纜又稱(cheng)船(chuan)用電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)纜，是一(yi)種用于(yu)河(he)海(hai)各(ge)種船(chuan)舶及海(hai)上石油平臺等水上建筑的電(dian)(dian)力、照明和一(yi)般控制之用的電(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜。

主要用途(tu)：應用于用于河海各(ge)種船舶(bo)及(ji)海上(shang)石油平臺等(deng)水(shui)上(shang)建筑的(de)電力、照明和一般控制之用。

執行標準：船用(yong)電(dian)力電(dian)纜的執行標準：IEC60092-350，IEC60092-353或GB9331-88。

船用(yong)電(dian)力電(dian)纜主要參數有型號規(gui)格、芯(xin)數、燃燒(shao)特性、額定電(dian)壓、溫度(du)、標(biao)稱截(jie)面積等主要參數。

2分類

從種類上分(fen)，船用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)可分(fen)為兩類：民船用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、軍艦用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)。

從用(yong)途上分，船用(yong)電(dian)纜(lan)可分為三類：船/艦(jian)(jian)用(yong)電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)、船/艦(jian)(jian)用(yong)控制電(dian)纜(lan)、船/艦(jian)(jian)用(yong)通訊電(dian)纜(lan)。其(qi)作用(yong)分別是：

船(chuan)用電(dian)力電(dian)纜：用于河海各種船(chuan)舶及海上(shang)石油平臺等水上(shang)建筑的電(dian)力、照明和一般(ban)控(kong)制之用。

船用控(kong)制電纜：用于(yu)河海各種船舶及海上石(shi)油平臺(tai)等水上建筑一般控(kong)制之用。

船用通信(xin)電纜(lan)：用于各種傳(chuan)播通信(xin)、電子計算機、信(xin)息(xi)處理設備中的信(xin)號傳(chuan)輸和控(kong)制系(xi)統。

3選擇原則

船舶電力系(xi)統中各電纜的選擇步驟(zou)和原則

1、根據(ju)電纜的用(yong)途(tu)、敷(fu)設位置和工作條件選擇合(he)適的電纜型(xing)號(hao)。

2、 根據用電(dian)設備的(de)工作制、電(dian)源(yuan)種類、電(dian)纜線芯和負載電(dian)流選擇(ze)合適的(de)電(dian)纜截面。

3、根據(ju)系統(tong)短路電流計算結(jie)果，片斷電纜(lan)的短路容量是否滿足要求。

4、 根據(ju)環境溫(wen)度(du)對(dui)電纜(lan)的額定(ding)載流量進行修正(zheng)，然后(hou)再判斷電纜(lan)的允(yun)許電流是否大于負(fu)載電流。

5、 根據(ju)成束敷(fu)設修正系數，對電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的額(e)定(ding)載流量(liang)進行修正，然后，再判斷電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的允許電(dian)流是否大于負載電(dian)流。

6、校核線路電(dian)壓降(jiang)，判斷線路電(dian)壓降(jiang)是否小于(yu)規(gui)定(ding)值。

7、根(gen)據保護(hu)裝置(zhi)的整定值(zhi)，判斷電纜(lan)(lan)與保護(hu)裝置(zhi)是否協調(diao)；如果不(bu)協調(diao)，判斷是否可以(yi)改(gai)變合適的保護(hu)裝置(zhi)或整定值(zhi)，否則應重(zhong)新選擇合適的電纜(lan)(lan)載(zai)面(mian)。

船用電纜型號選擇

船用電纜型號的選擇應(ying)考慮(lv)下述因素：

1、電纜的(de)用途———用于(yu)動(dong)力、照明和無線電通信等。

2、電(dian)纜敷設(she)位置———干(gan)燥(zao)、潮濕(shi)、低溫(wen)和是否要求屏蔽等。

3、工作條(tiao)件———固定敷設、穿管數設和可移動等。

4發展趨勢

根據幾年(nian)國(guo)內外船(chuan)舶(bo)工業的發(fa)展，預(yu)計未(wei)來船(chuan)舶(bo)市場需求(qiu)呈(cheng)現出以大噸位(wei)為主，具(ju)有(you)高技(ji)術含量和高附加(jia)值等特(te)點。

調(diao)查顯示(shi)，世界造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)中(zhong)心正在加速向中(zhong)國(guo)轉移。目前我(wo)國(guo)長(chang)三角(jiao)地(di)區，依靠(kao)其黃金(jin)水道(dao)與黃金(jin)海岸交匯(hui)的地(di)緣優勢，已經(jing)成(cheng)為世界造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)業(ye)投資轉移的集(ji)聚區。國(guo)際市場受外(wai)部經(jing)濟環(huan)境而影(ying)響(xiang)，與前幾年相(xiang)比將(jiang)有(you)短時期的低迷。但是國(guo)內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工業(ye)將(jiang)會持續興旺(wang)，受到(dao)我(wo)國(guo)海洋開(kai)發戰略實施的影(ying)響(xiang)，國(guo)內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工業(ye)面臨巨(ju)大發展空(kong)間。我(wo)國(guo)能成(cheng)功制造的新型船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)種(zhong)類不(bu)斷增加，例如：成(cheng)品油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、化(hua)學品船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海洋工程船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠(yuan)洋漁船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大型集(ji)裝箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、客滾船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、滾裝船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化(hua)石油(you)氣(qi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化(hua)天然氣(qi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大型冷(leng)藏船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、散貨船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、漁政船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、軍用(yong)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、自(zi)卸船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大艙口(kou)多用(yong)途船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、穿梭油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速無艙蓋集(ji)裝箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速水翼客船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海上儲油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、巨(ju)型油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和內河(he)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)等(deng)(deng)；另外(wai)還有(you)與緝私艇、救(jiu)生艇、游艇等(deng)(deng)小型船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)艦艇。

我(wo)國(guo)船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)工業的(de)快速發(fa)展，將(jiang)進一步拉動船(chuan)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)市場(chang)需(xu)(xu)(xu)求。受船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)工作環(huan)境的(de)影響，船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)上所使(shi)用(yong)(yong)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)基(ji)本都是無鹵、低煙型、耐(nai)鹽堿的(de)特(te)種電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)。在海上平臺作業中，縱向水密封電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、臍(qi)帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)將(jiang)會(hui)(hui)得到大(da)量(liang)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)。我(wo)國(guo)整體(ti)(ti)的(de)船(chuan)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)行(xing)業受國(guo)內外船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)工業的(de)發(fa)展需(xu)(xu)(xu)求量(liang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)會(hui)(hui)大(da)大(da)增加(jia)；而軍用(yong)(yong)艦船(chuan)、水下航行(xing)體(ti)(ti)、魚(yu)雷(lei)、水下誘餌、水下偵察器的(de)專用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)和光纖光纜(lan)市場(chang)需(xu)(xu)(xu)求也(ye)(ye)(ye)會(hui)(hui)大(da)幅度增加(jia)。除此(ci)之外，船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)的(de)維(wei)修以及碼頭等相關設(she)施的(de)建設(she)也(ye)(ye)(ye)會(hui)(hui)為其他常用(yong)(yong)類電(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)提(ti)供很(hen)大(da)的(de)市場(chang)需(xu)(xu)(xu)求空間。