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船用電纜

中文名(ming)

船用電纜

全    稱

船用電力電纜

主要用途

水上(shang)建筑(zhu)的(de)電力照明和一般控(kong)制(zhi)用(yong)

執行標準

IEC60092-350

1簡介

船用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)又稱船用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)，是一種用(yong)于河海各種船舶及海上石油平臺等水(shui)上建筑的電(dian)(dian)(dian)力、照明和一般控制(zhi)之(zhi)用(yong)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)。

主要用途(tu)：應用于(yu)用于(yu)河海各(ge)種船舶及海上(shang)石油平(ping)臺(tai)等水(shui)上(shang)建筑的電力、照明(ming)和一般控制(zhi)之用。

執(zhi)行標準(zhun)：船用電力電纜的執(zhi)行標準(zhun)：IEC60092-350，IEC60092-353或(huo)GB9331-88。

船用電(dian)力(li)電(dian)纜主(zhu)(zhu)要參數有型(xing)號規格、芯數、燃燒(shao)特性、額定電(dian)壓、溫度、標稱截面積等主(zhu)(zhu)要參數。

2分類

從種類(lei)上分，船用(yong)電(dian)(dian)纜可(ke)分為兩類(lei)：民船用(yong)電(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜、軍艦用(yong)電(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜。

從用(yong)途上分(fen)，船(chuan)用(yong)電纜(lan)(lan)可分(fen)為三類：船(chuan)/艦(jian)(jian)(jian)用(yong)電力電纜(lan)(lan)、船(chuan)/艦(jian)(jian)(jian)用(yong)控制(zhi)電纜(lan)(lan)、船(chuan)/艦(jian)(jian)(jian)用(yong)通訊電纜(lan)(lan)。其作(zuo)用(yong)分(fen)別是(shi)：

船用電(dian)力電(dian)纜：用于(yu)河海各種船舶及海上(shang)石油(you)平臺等水(shui)上(shang)建筑的電(dian)力、照明和(he)一般控制之用。

船(chuan)用控制(zhi)電纜(lan)：用于河海各種船(chuan)舶及海上(shang)石油(you)平臺等(deng)水上(shang)建筑一般控制(zhi)之用。

船用通信(xin)(xin)(xin)電纜：用于各種(zhong)傳播通信(xin)(xin)(xin)、電子計算機、信(xin)(xin)(xin)息處理設備中的信(xin)(xin)(xin)號傳輸和控制系(xi)統。

3選擇原則

船舶電(dian)力(li)系(xi)統中各電(dian)纜的選擇(ze)步驟和原則

1、根據電纜的用途、敷設(she)位置和工作(zuo)條件選擇(ze)合適的電纜型(xing)號。

2、 根(gen)據用電(dian)設備的工作制、電(dian)源種類、電(dian)纜線芯和負載電(dian)流選擇(ze)合適的電(dian)纜截面(mian)。

3、根(gen)據(ju)系統短路電(dian)流計(ji)算結果，片斷電(dian)纜的短路容(rong)量(liang)是否滿(man)足要求。

4、 根據環境溫度對(dui)電(dian)纜(lan)的(de)額定載流量進行修正，然后(hou)再(zai)判(pan)斷電(dian)纜(lan)的(de)允許電(dian)流是否大于負(fu)載電(dian)流。

5、 根據成束敷設修正(zheng)系數，對電(dian)(dian)纜的額定載(zai)流量進行(xing)修正(zheng)，然后，再判斷電(dian)(dian)纜的允許電(dian)(dian)流是否大于負載(zai)電(dian)(dian)流。

6、校核線(xian)路電(dian)壓(ya)降，判斷線(xian)路電(dian)壓(ya)降是否小于規定值。

7、根(gen)據(ju)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)裝置(zhi)的(de)整(zheng)定(ding)值(zhi)，判(pan)斷電纜(lan)與保(bao)(bao)護(hu)裝置(zhi)是否協調；如果(guo)不協調，判(pan)斷是否可以改變合適(shi)的(de)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)裝置(zhi)或整(zheng)定(ding)值(zhi)，否則應重新選擇(ze)合適(shi)的(de)電纜(lan)載面。

船用電纜型號選擇

船(chuan)用(yong)電纜型(xing)號的選擇應(ying)考慮下(xia)述(shu)因素：

1、電(dian)纜的用途———用于動力、照明和(he)無(wu)線電(dian)通信等。

2、電(dian)纜敷設位置———干燥(zao)、潮(chao)濕(shi)、低溫和是否要求(qiu)屏蔽等。

3、工作(zuo)條件———固(gu)定(ding)敷設(she)、穿管數設(she)和(he)可移動等。

4發展趨勢

根據幾年國內外船(chuan)舶(bo)工業的發展，預計未(wei)來船(chuan)舶(bo)市場需求呈現(xian)出以大噸位為主(zhu)，具有高技術(shu)含量和高附加值(zhi)等特點。

調查顯示，世(shi)界(jie)造(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)中心正在加(jia)速向(xiang)中國(guo)(guo)轉(zhuan)移(yi)。目前我國(guo)(guo)長三角地(di)區，依靠其黃(huang)金水(shui)道(dao)與黃(huang)金海(hai)(hai)岸交匯的(de)(de)地(di)緣優勢，已經(jing)成為(wei)世(shi)界(jie)造(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)業投資轉(zhuan)移(yi)的(de)(de)集聚區。國(guo)(guo)際市場受外(wai)部(bu)經(jing)濟環境而(er)影響(xiang)，與前幾年相比將有(you)短時期的(de)(de)低迷。但是國(guo)(guo)內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工業將會持續(xu)興(xing)旺，受到我國(guo)(guo)海(hai)(hai)洋(yang)開發戰略實施的(de)(de)影響(xiang)，國(guo)(guo)內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工業面(mian)臨巨大發展空間。我國(guo)(guo)能成功制造(zao)的(de)(de)新(xin)型船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)種類不斷增(zeng)加(jia)，例如(ru)：成品(pin)油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、化學品(pin)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海(hai)(hai)洋(yang)工程(cheng)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠洋(yang)漁船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大型集裝箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、客滾(gun)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、滾(gun)裝船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化石(shi)油(you)氣(qi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化天然(ran)氣(qi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大型冷(leng)藏船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、散(san)貨船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、漁政船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、軍(jun)用船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、自(zi)卸(xie)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大艙口多用途船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、穿梭油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速無艙蓋集裝箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速水(shui)翼客船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海(hai)(hai)上儲(chu)油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、巨型油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和內河(he)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)等；另外(wai)還(huan)有(you)與緝私(si)艇、救生艇、游(you)艇等小型船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)艦艇。

我(wo)國船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)業(ye)的快速發展(zhan)，將進一步(bu)拉動船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的市(shi)場(chang)(chang)需求。受船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)作環境的影(ying)響，船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)上所使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)基本都是(shi)無鹵、低煙型、耐鹽堿的特(te)種電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)。在海上平臺作業(ye)中，縱向水(shui)密(mi)封(feng)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)、臍帶電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)將會(hui)得到大量使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。我(wo)國整體的船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)行(xing)業(ye)受國內外(wai)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)業(ye)的發展(zhan)需求量也會(hui)大大增(zeng)加(jia)；而(er)軍用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)艦船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、水(shui)下航行(xing)體、魚雷、水(shui)下誘(you)餌、水(shui)下偵察器(qi)的專(zhuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)線電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)和光(guang)纖(xian)光(guang)纜(lan)(lan)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)需求也會(hui)大幅度增(zeng)加(jia)。除(chu)此之外(wai)，船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)的維修以及(ji)碼頭等(deng)相關設施的建設也會(hui)為其他(ta)常用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)類電(dian)線電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)提供很大的市(shi)場(chang)(chang)需求空間。