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聚氯乙烯電纜

聚氯乙烯(xi)絕緣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)產(chan)品(pin)分為固(gu)定布線(xian)用(yong)無(wu)(wu)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)套電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、固(gu)定布線(xian)用(yong)護(hu)(hu)(hu)套電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、輕(qing)型無(wu)(wu)護(hu)(hu)(hu)套軟(ruan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、一(yi)般用(yong)途(tu)護(hu)(hu)(hu)套軟(ruan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、安裝用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)和屏蔽(bi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)、特殊用(yong)途(tu)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)套軟(ruan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、聚氯乙烯(xi)絕緣阻燃耐火(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)等產(chan)品(pin)

歷史

電(dian)線(xian)電(dian)纜(lan)行(xing)業是(shi)(shi)我國經濟建設的(de)重要配(pei)套產業，廣(guang)泛應用(yong)于(yu)國民經濟各個領域，占據著(zhu)中國電(dian)工(gong)(gong)行(xing)業1/4的(de)行(xing)業，是(shi)(shi)機械工(gong)(gong)業中僅次于(yu)汽車行(xing)業的(de)第二大產業。其中，室(shi)內裝(zhuang)修(xiu)使用(yong)的(de)電(dian)線(xian)主要是(shi)(shi)額定電(dian)壓(ya)450/750v及以下(xia)聚氯(lv)乙烯(xi)絕緣電(dian)纜(lan)，又稱電(dian)線(xian)。

電(dian)線質量的考核(he)主要由專業(ye)檢(jian)驗(yan)機構進行檢(jian)驗(yan)，報(bao)告中主要的技(ji)術指標有以下(xia)：

1、導(dao)體直流(liu)電(dian)阻。直接反映(ying)電(dian)線的載(zai)(zai)流(liu)能力，也(ye)就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)通常(chang)所說(shuo)能帶多(duo)大的負載(zai)(zai)。該指標(biao)與導(dao)體材質(zhi)、導(dao)體截面積（電(dian)線規(gui)格）也(ye)就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)線徑有關

2、成品耐壓(ya)試驗(yan)。主要考核(he)電(dian)線(xian)的絕緣是否有漏電(dian)。該(gai)指標與(yu)絕緣的材料和制造工藝有關

3、絕緣(yuan)（護套）厚度及機械性能等項目。主要考核電線使(shi)(shi)用(yong)壽命及使(shi)(shi)用(yong)環境。絕緣(yuan)厚度過薄或扁芯，容易在安裝或使(shi)(shi)用(yong)中在薄的位置發生(sheng)破損，形成漏電。使(shi)(shi)用(yong)劣質(zhi)絕緣(yuan)材料的電線使(shi)(shi)用(yong)壽命短。

選購

1、首選(xuan)正規廠(chang)家、商(shang)家產(chan)品。成盤包裝(zhuang)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)線應有(you)合(he)格(ge)證，電(dian)(dian)(dian)線本體應印有(you)廠(chang)名或商(shang)標(biao)(biao)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓、3C標(biao)(biao)志等(deng)。廠(chang)家假冒偽劣電(dian)(dian)(dian)線往(wang)往(wang)是“三無”產(chan)品，但上(shang)面卻也有(you)模棱兩(liang)可(ke)的產(chan)地(di)等(deng)標(biao)(biao)識(shi)，如中國制造、中國某(mou)省或某(mou)市制造等(deng)，這實際等(deng)于未標(biao)(biao)產(chan)地(di)。

2、布電(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)目前使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)導(dao)體(ti)(ti)材料主要(yao)有銅(tong)和(he)鋁(lv)(lv)。在(zai)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)購時首先應(ying)根(gen)據使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)負載(zai)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)相應(ying)的(de)(de)規(gui)(gui)格，如(ru)照明(ming)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)路使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)1.5平方(fang)毫米(mi)的(de)(de)鋁(lv)(lv)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)或2.5平方(fang)毫米(mi)的(de)(de)鋁(lv)(lv)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，如(ru)空調、微波爐(lu)、烤箱等使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)2.5平方(fang)毫米(mi)的(de)(de)銅(tong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)或4平方(fang)毫米(mi)的(de)(de)鋁(lv)(lv)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)合適規(gui)(gui)格的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)可(ke)避免由于小規(gui)(gui)格電(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)載(zai)流(liu)量不夠引起短路發(fa)生(sheng)火(huo)災；其次選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)購時應(ying)注意(yi)導(dao)體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)質量，合格的(de)(de)銅(tong)芯(xin)(xin)電(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)應(ying)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)紫(zi)紅色、有光(guang)澤、手(shou)感軟的(de)(de)銅(tong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，而偽劣的(de)(de)銅(tong)芯(xin)(xin)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)銅(tong)芯(xin)(xin)為紫(zi)黑色、偏(pian)黃或偏(pian)白(bai)，雜(za)志多，機(ji)械強度差，韌勁不佳，稍用(yong)(yong)(yong)力即會折斷，而且如(ru)果多股銅(tong)絲(si)常有斷線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)現象，使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)壽命短。

3、布電線使(shi)用的外皮為聚氯乙(yi)烯絕緣(yuan)(yuan)材料。合(he)格的電線絕緣(yuan)(yuan)應(ying)(ying)該外觀光滑、表面印字(zi)清晰(xi)。從電線頭觀察，絕緣(yuan)(yuan)應(ying)(ying)均勻，不偏(pian)芯。有些偽劣斷(duan)線絕緣(yuan)(yuan)層看(kan)上(shang)去似乎很厚實，實際上(shang)大(da)多是用再生塑料制成的，時(shi)間一(yi)長，絕緣(yuan)(yuan)層會(hui)老化漏電。

4、質量(liang)好的電線(xian)，一般都在規(gui)定的重(zhong)量(liang)范圍內。價(jia)格(ge)上(shang)，由于假冒(mao)偽劣的制作成本低，因此，商販在銷售時，常以物美(mei)價(jia)廉(lian)為幌子低價(jia)銷售，讓人上(shang)當。

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