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不合格電線電纜的(de)危害

電線電纜是用于傳輸電力、傳輸信息和實現(xian)電磁能量(liang)轉換的一大類電工產(chan)(chan)品。在抽查過程中(zhong)，發現(xian)了大量(liang)的不合(he)格(ge)產(chan)(chan)品，這些劣(lie)質產(chan)(chan)品給電力系統正常運行(xing)埋下諸(zhu)多隱患(huan)。

1、標(biao)志(zhi)不(bu)合(he)格(ge)的(de)電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜。標(biao)志(zhi)是(shi)電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜使用識別(bie)產(chan)(chan)品基本信息的(de)主要(yao)途徑，根據(ju)標(biao)準(zhun)規定(ding)標(biao)志(zhi)的(de)主要(yao)內容是(shi)：產(chan)(chan)品型(xing)號(hao)、規格(ge)、標(biao)準(zhun)號(hao)、廠(chang)名、產(chan)(chan)地等在(zai)一定(ding)的(de)標(biao)示間距(ju)內，當(dang)標(biao)志(zhi)不(bu)合(he)格(ge)時，會造成施工人員識別(bie)錯誤，嚴重(zhong)時會引發電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)事故。

2、結構(gou)尺寸(cun)不合格的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜。結構(gou)尺寸(cun)的(de)(de)主(zhu)要問題是護套厚度(du)，絕緣(yuan)厚度(du)，當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜的(de)(de)護套和(he)絕緣(yuan)厚度(du)不達標時，致(zhi)使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜耐電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣強度(du)會嚴(yan)重降低，導(dao)致(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜的(de)(de)使(shi)用壽命縮短，嚴(yan)重時可導(dao)致(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜被擊穿(chuan)，絕緣(yuan)（護套）層起不到(dao)正常保護作(zuo)用，從而發(fa)生電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣短路和(he)火災等現象(xiang)。

3、護套(tao)式絕緣老化前的(de)抗(kang)張(zhang)強度、伸長率(lv)合格(ge)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)。絕緣護套(tao)老化前的(de)抗(kang)張(zhang)強度、伸長率(lv)不(bu)合格(ge)直接大(da)大(da)縮短電(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)工(gong)作用(yong)壽命，而且在施工(gong)或(huo)在長時間通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)且溫(wen)度較高的(de)環境中，極易出現絕緣體斷裂，致使帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)導體裸露，發生能觸(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)式短路危險(xian)。其不(bu)合格(ge)的(de)主要(yao)原因是使用(yong)了再生料生產，以降低(di)產品成本，二是不(bu)具備生產資格(ge)小型企業。

4、導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)不合(he)格的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)。導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)主要是考核電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜的(de)導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)材料以及(ji)截面是否符合(he)的(de)重要指(zhi)標。當(dang)導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)超標時(shi)(shi)，就增大了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流在線(xian)路(lu)上通過時(shi)(shi)的(de)損(sun)耗，加劇了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜的(de)發(fa)熱(re)。導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)不合(he)格的(de)原因，主要進企業(ye)為了降(jiang)低(di)(di)成本，將占原材料成本80%的(de)銅(tong)材縮水，要么降(jiang)低(di)(di)導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)的(de)截面積，要么使用含雜質過高(gao)的(de)再生銅(tong)，這(zhe)樣致(zhi)使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜的(de)導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)嚴(yan)重超標，在使用過程中除易引發(fa)火災，還(huan)會加速(su)包覆在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)外的(de)絕緣層(ceng)的(de)老化。

在(zai)購(gou)買(mai)電線(xian)電纜的(de)過(guo)程中，消費(fei)者應注意以下幾個(ge)事(shi)

第一、要觀察電線(xian)的外觀。合格(ge)產品的絕(jue)緣（護套）層(ceng)(ceng)柔(rou)軟、有韌性和伸縮性、表(biao)面層(ceng)(ceng)緊密、光滑(hua)、無(wu)粗糙感。如果包裹電線(xian)的塑料(liao)很容易被剝去(qu)，則存在(zai)塑料(liao)強度不夠的問(wen)題。

第二、要看(kan)電(dian)線的(de)截面(mian)。合(he)格產品的(de)銅(tong)芯(xin)或(huo)鋁(lv)(lv)芯(xin)表(biao)面(mian)應該具有金屬光澤，表(biao)面(mian)發(fa)黑的(de)銅(tong)或(huo)表(biao)面(mian)發(fa)白的(de)鋁(lv)(lv)說(shuo)明已被氧化。

第三、在(zai)購買(mai)電線(xian)時應(ying)注意查看質量合(he)格證(zheng)書(shu)。如果(guo)電線(xian)的質量合(he)格，那么其電線(xian)質量應(ying)該也(ye)受過(guo)檢驗，不會(hui)有太大的問題(ti)。

沈陽凱鵬電(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)制(zhi)造(zao)有限公司(si)隸屬(shu)凱鵬集(ji)團下屬(shu)子(zi)公司(si)，專門從事電(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)研發(fa)、生產制(zhi)造(zao)，是(shi)全國頗具(ju)實(shi)力(li)的沈陽電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)廠(chang)家，主營(ying)產品：電(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)、控制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)、橡套電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)、電(dian)(dian)氣裝備用(yong)電(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)、電(dian)(dian)子(zi)計算機電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)、BTTZ電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)、YTTW電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)等，以及電(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)代加工。小(xiao)編(bian)每天會在公司(si)官(guan)網(wang)發(fa)布電(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)價(jia)格表，及時更新銅(tong)價(jia)以及電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)廠(chang)報價(jia)信(xin)息(xi)。更多有關(guan)電(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)信(xin)息(xi)可(ke)點擊公司(si)官(guan)網(wang)szbowen.cn