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聚氯乙烯電纜

聚(ju)氯乙(yi)烯絕緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)分為固定(ding)布線(xian)用無(wu)保護(hu)套(tao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、固定(ding)布線(xian)用護(hu)套(tao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、輕型無(wu)護(hu)套(tao)軟(ruan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、一般用途(tu)護(hu)套(tao)軟(ruan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、安裝用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)和屏(ping)蔽電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)、特殊(shu)用途(tu)保護(hu)套(tao)軟(ruan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、聚(ju)氯乙(yi)烯絕緣(yuan)阻燃耐火電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)等(deng)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)

歷史

電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)行(xing)業是(shi)我國(guo)經濟建設(she)的重要配套(tao)產業，廣(guang)泛應用(yong)于國(guo)民經濟各個(ge)領域，占(zhan)據著中(zhong)國(guo)電(dian)(dian)工行(xing)業1/4的行(xing)業，是(shi)機械(xie)工業中(zhong)僅次于汽車行(xing)業的第二大產業。其中(zhong)，室內裝(zhuang)修使用(yong)的電(dian)(dian)線主(zhu)要是(shi)額定電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)450/750v及以下聚氯乙(yi)烯絕緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)，又(you)稱電(dian)(dian)線。

電(dian)線質量的考核主要由專業檢驗機構進(jin)行檢驗，報(bao)告(gao)中主要的技術指(zhi)標有以(yi)下(xia)：

1、導(dao)體直流電阻。直接反映電線(xian)的(de)載流能力，也(ye)就是(shi)通常(chang)所說(shuo)能帶多大的(de)負載。該指標與導(dao)體材質、導(dao)體截面積（電線(xian)規格(ge)）也(ye)就是(shi)線(xian)徑有關

2、成品耐壓試驗。主要考核電(dian)線的絕緣是否有漏電(dian)。該指標與絕緣的材料(liao)和制造工藝(yi)有關(guan)

3、絕(jue)緣（護(hu)套(tao)）厚(hou)度及機械性能等(deng)項目。主(zhu)要考核電線使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)壽(shou)命及使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)環(huan)境。絕(jue)緣厚(hou)度過薄(bo)或(huo)扁芯，容易在安裝或(huo)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)中在薄(bo)的位(wei)置發(fa)生破損，形成漏電。使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)劣質絕(jue)緣材料的電線使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)壽(shou)命短。

選購

1、首選正規廠家(jia)(jia)、商(shang)家(jia)(jia)產(chan)(chan)品。成盤包(bao)裝的電(dian)(dian)線應(ying)有(you)合格證，電(dian)(dian)線本(ben)體應(ying)印(yin)有(you)廠名或商(shang)標、電(dian)(dian)壓、3C標志等(deng)。廠家(jia)(jia)假冒偽劣(lie)電(dian)(dian)線往往是(shi)“三無”產(chan)(chan)品，但上面卻也有(you)模棱兩可的產(chan)(chan)地等(deng)標識，如(ru)中國制造(zao)、中國某(mou)省(sheng)或某(mou)市制造(zao)等(deng)，這(zhe)實(shi)際等(deng)于未標產(chan)(chan)地。

2、布電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)目前使(shi)(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)導(dao)體材料主要(yao)有銅(tong)和鋁(lv)。在(zai)選購時(shi)首先(xian)應(ying)根據使(shi)(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)負(fu)載(zai)(zai)選擇(ze)(ze)相應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)規格(ge)，如照明(ming)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)路使(shi)(shi)用(yong)1.5平(ping)方毫(hao)米的(de)(de)(de)鋁(lv)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)或2.5平(ping)方毫(hao)米的(de)(de)(de)鋁(lv)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，如空調、微波(bo)爐、烤箱等使(shi)(shi)用(yong)2.5平(ping)方毫(hao)米的(de)(de)(de)銅(tong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)或4平(ping)方毫(hao)米的(de)(de)(de)鋁(lv)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，選擇(ze)(ze)合適規格(ge)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)可避(bi)免(mian)由(you)于小規格(ge)電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)載(zai)(zai)流量不夠引(yin)起短(duan)(duan)路發生(sheng)火(huo)災；其(qi)次選購時(shi)應(ying)注意導(dao)體的(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量，合格(ge)的(de)(de)(de)銅(tong)芯電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)應(ying)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)紫紅色、有光(guang)澤、手感軟的(de)(de)(de)銅(tong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，而偽劣的(de)(de)(de)銅(tong)芯線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)銅(tong)芯為(wei)紫黑色、偏黃或偏白，雜志(zhi)多，機械強度差，韌(ren)勁(jing)不佳(jia)，稍用(yong)力即(ji)會折(zhe)斷，而且如果多股銅(tong)絲常有斷線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)現象，使(shi)(shi)用(yong)壽命(ming)短(duan)(duan)。

3、布電線(xian)(xian)使用(yong)的(de)(de)外(wai)皮為聚(ju)氯乙(yi)烯絕緣(yuan)材料。合格的(de)(de)電線(xian)(xian)絕緣(yuan)應(ying)該(gai)外(wai)觀(guan)(guan)光滑、表面印(yin)字清晰(xi)。從電線(xian)(xian)頭觀(guan)(guan)察，絕緣(yuan)應(ying)均勻，不偏芯(xin)。有些偽劣斷線(xian)(xian)絕緣(yuan)層(ceng)看上(shang)去(qu)似(si)乎很厚實(shi)，實(shi)際上(shang)大(da)多是用(yong)再生塑(su)料制成的(de)(de)，時間一長(chang)，絕緣(yuan)層(ceng)會老化漏(lou)電。

4、質量好(hao)的電線，一般都在規定的重量范圍(wei)內。價(jia)格上，由于假冒偽劣的制(zhi)作成本低，因此，商販在銷售時(shi)，常以物美價(jia)廉為(wei)幌子低價(jia)銷售，讓人上當。

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