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船用電纜

中文名

船用電纜

全    稱

船用電力電纜

主要用途

水上建筑的電(dian)力照明和一般控制用(yong)

執行標準

IEC60092-350

1簡介

船(chuan)用電(dian)纜(lan)又(you)稱船(chuan)用電(dian)力(li)電(dian)纜(lan)，是一(yi)種(zhong)用于河海(hai)各種(zhong)船(chuan)舶(bo)及海(hai)上石(shi)油(you)平臺等水上建筑的電(dian)力(li)、照明和一(yi)般控(kong)制(zhi)之用的電(dian)線電(dian)纜(lan)。

主(zhu)要用途(tu)：應用于用于河海各(ge)種船舶(bo)及海上(shang)石油平臺等水上(shang)建筑的電力、照明和一般(ban)控制之用。

執行標(biao)準：船用電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)纜的執行標(biao)準：IEC60092-350，IEC60092-353或GB9331-88。

船用電力(li)電纜主要參(can)數有型號規格、芯數、燃燒特性、額定(ding)電壓、溫度、標稱截面積等主要參(can)數。

2分類

從種類上分，船(chuan)用電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)可分為兩類：民船(chuan)用電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、軍艦用電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)。

從用(yong)途上(shang)分(fen)，船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)電纜(lan)可分(fen)為三類(lei)：船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)/艦用(yong)電力(li)電纜(lan)、船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)/艦用(yong)控(kong)制(zhi)電纜(lan)、船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)/艦用(yong)通(tong)訊電纜(lan)。其作用(yong)分(fen)別是(shi)：

船(chuan)用電力電纜：用于河海各種船(chuan)舶(bo)及海上(shang)(shang)石油平臺等水上(shang)(shang)建筑的電力、照明(ming)和(he)一般控制之用。

船用(yong)控制電纜：用(yong)于河海各種(zhong)船舶及海上(shang)石油平(ping)臺等水(shui)上(shang)建筑一般控制之用(yong)。

船(chuan)用(yong)通(tong)信電(dian)纜：用(yong)于各(ge)種(zhong)傳(chuan)播通(tong)信、電(dian)子計(ji)算機(ji)、信息(xi)處理設備中的信號傳(chuan)輸和控制系(xi)統。

3選擇原則

船(chuan)舶電力系統中各電纜的選擇(ze)步驟和原則(ze)

1、根據電纜的用途(tu)、敷設位(wei)置和工(gong)作條件選(xuan)擇合適的電纜型號。

2、 根(gen)據用電設備的工作制、電源種類、電纜(lan)線芯和(he)負載(zai)電流選擇合適(shi)的電纜(lan)截面。

3、根據系統短路電(dian)流計算結(jie)果，片斷電(dian)纜的短路容量是(shi)否(fou)滿足要求。

4、 根(gen)據(ju)環(huan)境(jing)溫度對電纜的(de)額定(ding)載流(liu)量進行修正，然后再判斷電纜的(de)允許電流(liu)是否大于(yu)負(fu)載電流(liu)。

5、 根據成束(shu)敷設修(xiu)正系數，對(dui)電(dian)纜(lan)的額定載(zai)流(liu)量(liang)進(jin)行修(xiu)正，然(ran)后，再判斷電(dian)纜(lan)的允許(xu)電(dian)流(liu)是否大于負載(zai)電(dian)流(liu)。

6、校核(he)線路(lu)(lu)電(dian)壓降，判(pan)斷線路(lu)(lu)電(dian)壓降是否(fou)小(xiao)于規定(ding)值。

7、根據保護(hu)(hu)裝(zhuang)置的(de)(de)整定值，判斷電(dian)(dian)纜與保護(hu)(hu)裝(zhuang)置是否(fou)協調(diao)；如果不協調(diao)，判斷是否(fou)可(ke)以改變合適(shi)的(de)(de)保護(hu)(hu)裝(zhuang)置或(huo)整定值，否(fou)則應(ying)重(zhong)新選(xuan)擇合適(shi)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)纜載面(mian)。

船用電纜型號選擇

船用電纜型號的選擇應考慮(lv)下(xia)述因素(su)：

1、電纜的用途———用于動力、照明(ming)和無線電通信(xin)等。

2、電纜敷設位置———干燥、潮濕(shi)、低溫(wen)和是否要求屏(ping)蔽等。

3、工作條件———固定敷設、穿管(guan)數設和可(ke)移(yi)動等。

4發展趨勢

根據幾年國內外(wai)船(chuan)(chuan)舶工(gong)業的發(fa)展，預計未來船(chuan)(chuan)舶市場(chang)需求呈(cheng)現出(chu)以(yi)大噸位為(wei)主，具有高技(ji)術含量和高附加值等特點。

調查顯(xian)示，世(shi)界造(zao)(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)中心(xin)正(zheng)在加速(su)向(xiang)中國(guo)轉(zhuan)移。目前(qian)我(wo)國(guo)長三角(jiao)地區，依靠其黃金水道與黃金海岸交匯的(de)地緣(yuan)優勢，已經成為世(shi)界造(zao)(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)業(ye)(ye)投資轉(zhuan)移的(de)集聚區。國(guo)際(ji)市(shi)場受外部(bu)經濟環境而影(ying)(ying)響，與前(qian)幾年相(xiang)比將(jiang)有短(duan)時期的(de)低迷。但(dan)是國(guo)內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)工業(ye)(ye)將(jiang)會持續興旺，受到我(wo)國(guo)海洋開發(fa)(fa)戰(zhan)略實施(shi)的(de)影(ying)(ying)響，國(guo)內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)工業(ye)(ye)面臨巨大發(fa)(fa)展空間。我(wo)國(guo)能(neng)成功制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)的(de)新型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)種類不斷(duan)增加，例如(ru)：成品油(you)(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、化學品船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海洋工程船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠洋漁(yu)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大型(xing)集裝(zhuang)箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、客滾(gun)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、滾(gun)裝(zhuang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液(ye)化石油(you)(you)氣(qi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液(ye)化天然(ran)氣(qi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大型(xing)冷藏船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、散(san)貨船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、漁(yu)政船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、軍(jun)用(yong)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、自卸(xie)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大艙口多用(yong)途(tu)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、穿梭(suo)油(you)(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速(su)無艙蓋集裝(zhuang)箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速(su)水翼客船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海上儲油(you)(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、巨型(xing)油(you)(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和內河船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)等；另外還有與緝私艇、救生艇、游艇等小型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)艦(jian)艇。

我國船(chuan)舶工(gong)業(ye)的(de)(de)快速發展，將進一步(bu)拉(la)動(dong)船(chuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電纜(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)市(shi)場(chang)需求。受(shou)船(chuan)舶工(gong)作環(huan)境的(de)(de)影(ying)響，船(chuan)舶上所使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)電纜(lan)(lan)(lan)基本(ben)都是(shi)無鹵、低煙型(xing)、耐鹽堿的(de)(de)特(te)種電纜(lan)(lan)(lan)。在海(hai)上平(ping)臺作業(ye)中(zhong)，縱向水(shui)(shui)密封電纜(lan)(lan)(lan)、臍帶電纜(lan)(lan)(lan)將會(hui)得到大(da)量使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。我國整體的(de)(de)船(chuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電纜(lan)(lan)(lan)行業(ye)受(shou)國內外(wai)船(chuan)舶工(gong)業(ye)的(de)(de)發展需求量也會(hui)大(da)大(da)增加；而軍用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)艦船(chuan)、水(shui)(shui)下航(hang)行體、魚(yu)雷(lei)、水(shui)(shui)下誘(you)餌、水(shui)(shui)下偵察器的(de)(de)專(zhuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電線電纜(lan)(lan)(lan)和光纖(xian)光纜(lan)(lan)(lan)市(shi)場(chang)需求也會(hui)大(da)幅度增加。除此之外(wai)，船(chuan)舶的(de)(de)維修(xiu)以及碼頭等相(xiang)關設施的(de)(de)建設也會(hui)為其(qi)他常用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)類(lei)電線電纜(lan)(lan)(lan)提(ti)供很大(da)的(de)(de)市(shi)場(chang)需求空間。