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船用電纜

中文名

船用電纜

全    稱(cheng)

船用電力電纜

主要用途

水上建筑的電力(li)照明和一般控(kong)制用

執行標準

IEC60092-350

1簡介

船用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜又稱船用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜，是一種(zhong)用(yong)于河海(hai)(hai)各種(zhong)船舶及海(hai)(hai)上石油(you)平臺等水上建筑的電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)、照(zhao)明和一般控制之用(yong)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜。

主要(yao)用途(tu)：應用于用于河海(hai)各種船舶及海(hai)上石油平臺等水上建(jian)筑的電(dian)力(li)、照(zhao)明(ming)和一(yi)般控制之用。

執行標準：船用電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的執行標準：IEC60092-350，IEC60092-353或(huo)GB9331-88。

船用電力電纜主要(yao)參(can)數有型號規格、芯數、燃燒特(te)性、額(e)定電壓、溫度、標稱(cheng)截面積(ji)等(deng)主要(yao)參(can)數。

2分類

從(cong)種類(lei)上分，船(chuan)用(yong)電纜可分為兩類(lei)：民船(chuan)用(yong)電線電纜、軍艦用(yong)電線電纜。

從用(yong)(yong)(yong)途上分，船用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)纜(lan)可分為(wei)三(san)類(lei)：船/艦用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)、船/艦用(yong)(yong)(yong)控(kong)制電(dian)纜(lan)、船/艦用(yong)(yong)(yong)通(tong)訊電(dian)纜(lan)。其作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)分別是：

船用電力電纜：用于河海(hai)各種船舶及海(hai)上石(shi)油平臺等水上建(jian)筑的(de)電力、照明和一般控制之用。

船用(yong)控制(zhi)(zhi)電纜：用(yong)于(yu)河海(hai)各種船舶(bo)及海(hai)上(shang)石油平臺(tai)等水上(shang)建筑(zhu)一(yi)般控制(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)用(yong)。

船(chuan)用通信電纜：用于各(ge)種傳(chuan)播通信、電子計算機、信息處理設備(bei)中的信號傳(chuan)輸和控制(zhi)系(xi)統。

3選擇原則

船(chuan)舶(bo)電力系統中各電纜的選擇步驟(zou)和(he)原則

1、根據電纜(lan)的用途(tu)、敷(fu)設位置和工(gong)作條件(jian)選擇合適的電纜(lan)型號(hao)。

2、 根據用電設(she)備(bei)的工(gong)作制、電源種類、電纜線芯(xin)和負載(zai)電流選擇(ze)合適(shi)的電纜截面(mian)。

3、根據系統短路(lu)電流計算結(jie)果(guo)，片斷電纜的短路(lu)容量是否滿足要求。

4、 根據環境(jing)溫度對電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的額定載(zai)流量(liang)進行修正，然后(hou)再(zai)判斷電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的允(yun)許電(dian)流是否(fou)大于負(fu)載(zai)電(dian)流。

5、 根(gen)據成束敷設修正(zheng)(zheng)系數，對(dui)電纜的額定載(zai)流量(liang)進(jin)行修正(zheng)(zheng)，然后，再(zai)判斷電纜的允許電流是否大于負載(zai)電流。

6、校(xiao)核(he)線(xian)路電壓(ya)降，判(pan)斷線(xian)路電壓(ya)降是否(fou)小于規定值。

7、根據保(bao)護裝(zhuang)置(zhi)的整(zheng)定值，判斷電纜與保(bao)護裝(zhuang)置(zhi)是否(fou)(fou)協調(diao)；如果不協調(diao)，判斷是否(fou)(fou)可以改變合適的保(bao)護裝(zhuang)置(zhi)或整(zheng)定值，否(fou)(fou)則應重新選擇合適的電纜載(zai)面。

船用電纜型號選擇

船(chuan)用電纜型號(hao)的選擇(ze)應考慮下述因(yin)素：

1、電纜(lan)的用途———用于動力、照明和無線(xian)電通信等(deng)。

2、電纜敷設位置(zhi)———干(gan)燥、潮濕、低溫和是否要求屏蔽等(deng)。

3、工作條件(jian)———固定敷設(she)、穿(chuan)管數設(she)和(he)可移動等。

4發展趨勢

根(gen)據幾(ji)年國內外船(chuan)舶工業的(de)發(fa)展，預計(ji)未來船(chuan)舶市(shi)場需(xu)求呈現出以大(da)噸位為主(zhu)，具有高(gao)技(ji)術含量(liang)和高(gao)附加(jia)值等特點(dian)。

調查顯示(shi)，世(shi)界(jie)造(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)中(zhong)心正在加速向中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)轉移。目前我國(guo)(guo)長三角地區，依靠其黃金水道(dao)與(yu)黃金海(hai)岸交匯的地緣優勢，已經成(cheng)(cheng)為世(shi)界(jie)造(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)業(ye)投資轉移的集聚區。國(guo)(guo)際市場受(shou)外部經濟環境(jing)而影(ying)響，與(yu)前幾年(nian)相比將有短時期(qi)的低迷。但是國(guo)(guo)內(nei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工業(ye)將會持續興旺，受(shou)到我國(guo)(guo)海(hai)洋(yang)開(kai)發(fa)戰略實施的影(ying)響，國(guo)(guo)內(nei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工業(ye)面臨巨大(da)發(fa)展空(kong)間。我國(guo)(guo)能成(cheng)(cheng)功制造(zao)的新型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)種類不斷增加，例如：成(cheng)(cheng)品油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、化學品船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海(hai)洋(yang)工程船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠洋(yang)漁船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)型(xing)集裝箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、客(ke)(ke)滾船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、滾裝船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化石油氣(qi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化天然氣(qi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)型(xing)冷藏船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、散貨船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、漁政船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、軍(jun)用(yong)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、自卸船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)艙口多用(yong)途船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、穿梭油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速無艙蓋(gai)集裝箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速水翼客(ke)(ke)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海(hai)上儲油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、巨型(xing)油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和內(nei)河船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)等；另(ling)外還有與(yu)緝(ji)私艇(ting)、救(jiu)生艇(ting)、游艇(ting)等小型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)艦艇(ting)。

我國(guo)船(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)的(de)(de)快速發展，將進一步拉動(dong)船(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)(de)市(shi)場需(xu)求。受(shou)船(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)環境的(de)(de)影響，船(chuan)舶(bo)上(shang)所使用(yong)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)基本都是無鹵、低煙(yan)型、耐鹽堿的(de)(de)特(te)種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)。在海上(shang)平(ping)臺作(zuo)業(ye)中(zhong)，縱向水(shui)密(mi)封電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、臍帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)將會得(de)到大量(liang)使用(yong)。我國(guo)整體的(de)(de)船(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)行(xing)業(ye)受(shou)國(guo)內(nei)外(wai)船(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)的(de)(de)發展需(xu)求量(liang)也會大大增加；而軍用(yong)艦船(chuan)、水(shui)下航(hang)行(xing)體、魚雷(lei)、水(shui)下誘餌、水(shui)下偵察器的(de)(de)專(zhuan)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)和光纖光纜(lan)市(shi)場需(xu)求也會大幅度增加。除(chu)此(ci)之外(wai)，船(chuan)舶(bo)的(de)(de)維修以(yi)及(ji)碼頭等相關設施的(de)(de)建設也會為其(qi)他常用(yong)類電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)提供很大的(de)(de)市(shi)場需(xu)求空間。