国产精品成人网站/两攻一受3p双龙h调教/玩弄人妻少妇500系列/人妻换人妻仑乱/国产成人一区二区三区别

1.電性能檢測

主要有(you)導(dao)(dao)體直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)、絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)、成品電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)試(shi)驗及(ji)(ji)絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)線芯(xin)間電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)試(shi)驗，每(mei)項(xiang)都(dou)很重要，導(dao)(dao)體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)直(zhi)接(jie)反映(ying)了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)傳(chuan)輸性(xing)能(neng)，直(zhi)接(jie)影響電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)在(zai)通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)運行(xing)中(zhong)的溫度(du)、壽命、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)降、以及(ji)(ji)運行(xing)安全，它主要考查導(dao)(dao)體的材質(zhi)和截面積(ji)，若導(dao)(dao)體的材質(zhi)不(bu)(bu)好或截面積(ji)嚴重不(bu)(bu)足(zu)，就會(hui)造成導(dao)(dao)體直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)嚴重超標，這(zhe)種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)鋪(pu)設在(zai)線路中(zhong)就會(hui)增加(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流在(zai)線路上(shang)通過(guo)時的損(sun)耗，引起電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)導(dao)(dao)體本身(shen)發熱(re)，引起包覆(fu)導(dao)(dao)體的絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)老化開裂，造成供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線路漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、短路，甚至(zhi)造成火(huo)災，危(wei)及(ji)(ji)人(ren)身(shen)、財產的安全。標準(zhun)對不(bu)(bu)同規(gui)(gui)格電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的導(dao)(dao)體直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)值均(jun)有(you)嚴格的規(gui)(gui)定(ding)，不(bu)(bu)得大于標準(zhun)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)的值。

絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)阻、成(cheng)品電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)及絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)線(xian)芯間(jian)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)，均考查的(de)是電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)層和護套(tao)層的(de)電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)性能(neng)，絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)阻是檢測兩個導體(ti)之(zhi)間(jian)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)材料的(de)電(dian)(dian)阻，它應足夠(gou)大以起到絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)保護作用。成(cheng)品電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)及絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)線(xian)芯間(jian)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)不(bu)光要求電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)有足夠(gou)的(de)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)能(neng)力，還要求絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)或護套(tao)材料均勻無雜質(zhi)、厚度足夠(gou)均勻，表面不(bu)能(neng)有看不(bu)見的(de)沙(sha)眼、針孔等，否則就會(hui)造(zao)成(cheng)耐壓(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)時(shi)局部(bu)擊(ji)穿。

2.機械性能檢測

主要(yao)(yao)是(shi)(shi)考(kao)查(cha)絕(jue)緣(yuan)和護套塑料(liao)材(cai)料(liao)的(de)抗(kang)(kang)張(zhang)強度、斷(duan)裂(lie)伸(shen)(shen)長(chang)率(lv)，包(bao)括老化(hua)(hua)前后(hou)(hou)，還有(you)對于成品軟(ruan)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)進行(xing)的(de)曲(qu)撓試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)、彎曲(qu)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)、荷重斷(duan)芯(xin)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)、絕(jue)緣(yuan)線芯(xin)撕裂(lie)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)、靜態曲(qu)撓試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)等。老化(hua)(hua)前、后(hou)(hou)抗(kang)(kang)張(zhang)強度、老化(hua)(hua)前后(hou)(hou)斷(duan)裂(lie)伸(shen)(shen)長(chang)率(lv)是(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)絕(jue)緣(yuan)和護套材(cai)料(liao)最重要(yao)(yao)最基本的(de)指標(biao)，要(yao)(yao)求用(yong)作電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)絕(jue)緣(yuan)和護套的(de)材(cai)料(liao)，既要(yao)(yao)有(you)足(zu)夠的(de)拉伸(shen)(shen)強度不容易拉斷(duan)，又要(yao)(yao)有(you)一定的(de)柔韌性。

老化是指在高溫條件(jian)下，絕(jue)緣(yuan)和護(hu)套(tao)材料保持其(qi)原有性能(neng)(neng)的能(neng)(neng)力，老化不應嚴重影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)材料的抗張(zhang)強度(du)和伸長率，這些都將直(zhi)接影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的使用(yong)壽命，若抗張(zhang)強度(du)和斷裂伸長率不合(he)格，進行(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的施工安裝時就極易(yi)出現護(hu)套(tao)或絕(jue)緣(yuan)體斷裂，或在光(guang)、熱環境下使用(yong)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)其(qi)護(hu)套(tao)和絕(jue)緣(yuan)容易(yi)變脆(cui)，斷裂，致使帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)導體裸露，發生觸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)危險。

另外軟(ruan)(ruan)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)由于不(bu)是(shi)固(gu)定(ding)敷設，使用(yong)(yong)中存在反(fan)復(fu)拖拉、彎(wan)(wan)曲等情況(kuang)，所以(yi)對(dui)于軟(ruan)(ruan)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)標準又另外規定(ding)了(le)在其成品電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)上(shang)加(jia)做動態曲撓試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)、彎(wan)(wan)曲試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)、荷重斷(duan)芯(xin)(xin)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)、絕(jue)緣(yuan)線(xian)(xian)芯(xin)(xin)撕裂(lie)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)、靜態曲撓試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)等，以(yi)保(bao)證這種線(xian)(xian)纜(lan)(lan)在實際使用(yong)(yong)中滿足要求。如動態曲撓試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)主要考核軟(ruan)(ruan)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)在受(shou)(shou)到(dao)外界的(de)機(ji)械拉伸(shen)和彎(wan)(wan)曲等應力時，軟(ruan)(ruan)導(dao)體(ti)的(de)絞合(he)線(xian)(xian)絲是(shi)否(fou)斷(duan)裂(lie)而降(jiang)低電(dian)的(de)傳輸性(xing)能，或(huo)(huo)者刺破(po)絕(jue)緣(yuan)而降(jiang)低絕(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)氣性(xing)能;絕(jue)緣(yuan)在受(shou)(shou)到(dao)應力作用(yong)(yong)是(shi)是(shi)否(fou)變形或(huo)(huo)開裂(lie)而影響電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)電(dian)氣絕(jue)緣(yuan)性(xing)能的(de)一種試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)方(fang)法。

3.絕緣(yuan)和(he)護套材料性能試驗

包括熱失(shi)(shi)重(zhong)、熱沖(chong)擊、高溫(wen)(wen)(wen)壓力、低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)彎曲(qu)、低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)拉伸(shen)、低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)沖(chong)擊、阻燃(ran)性(xing)能等等。這些都是考查(cha)絕緣(yuan)和護套的(de)(de)塑料(liao)(liao)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)性(xing)能好壞，如熱失(shi)(shi)重(zhong)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)是檢(jian)測(ce)經(jing)過7天80℃的(de)(de)高溫(wen)(wen)(wen)老化后材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)降(jiang)解(jie)、揮(hui)發的(de)(de)程度(du);熱沖(chong)擊檢(jian)測(ce)在150℃高溫(wen)(wen)(wen)1h后經(jing)特殊卷(juan)繞的(de)(de)絕緣(yuan)表面(mian)是否(fou)有開裂(lie);高溫(wen)(wen)(wen)壓力檢(jian)測(ce)絕緣(yuan)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)在經(jing)過高溫(wen)(wen)(wen)再冷(leng)卻后其(qi)彈(dan)性(xing)的(de)(de)保(bao)持程度(du);所有的(de)(de)低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)一般指在-15℃條件下其(qi)機械性(xing)能的(de)(de)變化，都是檢(jian)測(ce)線(xian)纜材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)在低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)環境下是否(fou)變脆、易開裂(lie)或(huo)易拉斷(duan)等。 另外電纜的(de)(de)阻燃(ran)性(xing)能勝能很重(zhong)要(yao)，考查(cha)該項性(xing)能的(de)(de)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)為(wei)不延燃(ran)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)，即對按標準安裝的(de)(de)成品電纜用專門的(de)(de)火焰點燃(ran)一定的(de)(de)時間，待其(qi)火焰自行熄滅后檢(jian)查(cha)線(xian)纜被燒的(de)(de)情況，當(dang)然被燒掉的(de)(de)部分越少越好，說明(ming)其(qi)燃(ran)燒性(xing)差(cha)，阻燃(ran)性(xing)好，越安全。

4.標志檢查

標(biao)(biao)(biao)準要求電(dian)纜包裝上(shang)應附有表(biao)示產品(pin)型(xing)號(hao)、規格、標(biao)(biao)(biao)準號(hao)、廠名(ming)和產地的標(biao)(biao)(biao)簽或標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)，規格包括額(e)定電(dian)壓(ya)、芯數和導體標(biao)(biao)(biao)稱(cheng)截(jie)面等；電(dian)纜表(biao)面應印有制造廠名(ming)、產品(pin)型(xing)號(hao)和額(e)定電(dian)壓(ya)的連續標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)，標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)間(jian)距(ju)要求≤200mm(絕緣(yuan)表(biao)面)或≤500mm (護套(tao)表(biao)面)，標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)內容(rong)應齊全、清晰、耐擦，這個(ge)要求是方便使用者了解電(dian)纜的型(xing)號(hao)規格及(ji)電(dian)壓(ya)等級(ji)，以防(fang)敷設錯誤(wu)。

另外(wai)，電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)絕(jue)緣線(xian)(xian)(xian)芯應優先(xian)選用標準推薦的顏色(se)(se)(se)(se)，特別(bie)要提的是黃/綠(lv)(lv)雙(shuang)色(se)(se)(se)(se)線(xian)(xian)(xian)芯，這種線(xian)(xian)(xian)一(yi)般用在電(dian)器產品的電(dian)源線(xian)(xian)(xian)中，這條特殊(shu)雙(shuang)色(se)(se)(se)(se)線(xian)(xian)(xian)專用于(yu)接(jie)地，對(dui)于(yu)黃/綠(lv)(lv)搭配(pei)(pei)標準也有以下規定：即對(dui)每一(yi)段長巧~的雙(shuang)色(se)(se)(se)(se)絕(jue)緣線(xian)(xian)(xian)芯，其中一(yi)種顏色(se)(se)(se)(se)應至少覆蓋(gai)絕(jue)緣線(xian)(xian)(xian)芯表(biao)面(mian)的30%，且不大于(yu)70%，而(er)另一(yi)種顏色(se)(se)(se)(se)則覆蓋(gai)絕(jue)緣線(xian)(xian)(xian)芯的其余部分，即黃/綠(lv)(lv)雙(shuang)色(se)(se)(se)(se)應基本均(jun)衡(heng)搭配(pei)(pei)。

5.結構尺寸檢測

包括絕(jue)緣和護(hu)套(tao)的(de)厚(hou)(hou)度(du)、最薄(bo)(bo)厚(hou)(hou)度(du)、外形(xing)尺(chi)寸(cun)等(deng)。絕(jue)緣和護(hu)套(tao)的(de)厚(hou)(hou)度(du)大小(xiao)對于電(dian)(dian)纜能夠耐受多大強度(du)的(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，以(yi)(yi)及其機械性(xing)能好壞都(dou)有很重要的(de)作用(yong)(yong)，所以(yi)(yi)對于不(bu)(bu)同規(gui)格的(de)電(dian)(dian)纜，標(biao)準(zhun)對厚(hou)(hou)度(du)都(dou)有嚴(yan)格規(gui)定，要求不(bu)(bu)得低于國家標(biao)準(zhun)的(de)規(gui)定值。電(dian)(dian)纜絕(jue)緣厚(hou)(hou)度(du)太薄(bo)(bo)會嚴(yan)重影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)電(dian)(dian)纜的(de)使用(yong)(yong)安(an)全，會帶來電(dian)(dian)纜擊穿、導體裸露引起漏電(dian)(dian)等(deng)安(an)全隱患，當(dang)然也(ye)不(bu)(bu)是越厚(hou)(hou)越好，應不(bu)(bu)影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)安(an)裝，故標(biao)準(zhun)又設了(le)一個(ge)外形(xing)尺(chi)寸(cun)要求對此進行限(xian)制。

常見的認證標志

1.CCC認證(zheng)強制性(xing)認證(zheng)，是進(jin)入國內市場的通行證(zheng)。

2.CB認(ren)證(zheng)有(you)利于(yu)產品(pin)出口用(yong)于(yu)家庭、辦公室、車間和(he)類似場所的(de)直接涉及人身安(an)全的(de)電工產品(pin)，這類產品(pin)在(zai)(zai)一部分國(guo)(guo)家中(zhong)實(shi)行強制性認(ren)證(zheng)，即取得該(gai)國(guo)(guo)的(de)認(ren)證(zheng)合(he)格(ge)證(zheng)書后(hou)，才允許出口到該(gai)國(guo)(guo)，并在(zai)(zai)該(gai)國(guo)(guo)市場上銷售。即使(shi)在(zai)(zai)未實(shi)行強制性認(ren)證(zheng)的(de)國(guo)(guo)家中(zhong)，消(xiao)費者為(wei)了自身的(de)安(an)全，都愿意(yi)購買經過(guo)認(ren)證(zheng)而帶有(you)認(ren)證(zheng)標志的(de)產品(pin)。

3.CE認證

是(shi)產品(pin)進入歐盟(meng)及(ji)歐洲(zhou)貿(mao)易自由區國(guo)家市(shi)場的(de)通行(xing)證。獲得認證并貼有CE標志的(de)產品(pin)將降低在(zai)歐洲(zhou)市(shi)場上銷售的(de)風(feng)險(xian)：

1）被海關扣留和查處(chu)的風險(xian);

2）被市場監督機構查處的風險;

3）同行出于競爭目的(de)的(de)指控風險。