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船用電纜

中文名

船用電纜

全(quan)    稱

船用電力電纜

主要用途

水上建筑的電力照明(ming)和一般控制用

執行標準

IEC60092-350

1簡介

船(chuan)用電(dian)(dian)纜又稱船(chuan)用電(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)纜，是一(yi)種用于河海(hai)各種船(chuan)舶(bo)及海(hai)上石油平臺等水上建筑的電(dian)(dian)力(li)、照明和一(yi)般控制之用的電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜。

主(zhu)要用途(tu)：應用于用于河海各種(zhong)船舶及海上石油平臺等(deng)水上建筑的電(dian)力、照明和一般控制之用。

執行標準(zhun)：船(chuan)用電力(li)電纜的執行標準(zhun)：IEC60092-350，IEC60092-353或(huo)GB9331-88。

船(chuan)用電(dian)力電(dian)纜主要參數(shu)有型號規格、芯數(shu)、燃燒(shao)特性、額定電(dian)壓、溫(wen)度(du)、標稱截面積等主要參數(shu)。

2分類

從種類上(shang)分(fen)，船用(yong)電(dian)(dian)纜可分(fen)為(wei)兩類：民船用(yong)電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜、軍艦用(yong)電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜。

從用途上(shang)分，船(chuan)用電(dian)纜(lan)可分為(wei)三類(lei)：船(chuan)/艦(jian)(jian)用電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)、船(chuan)/艦(jian)(jian)用控制(zhi)電(dian)纜(lan)、船(chuan)/艦(jian)(jian)用通訊電(dian)纜(lan)。其作用分別是：

船用(yong)(yong)電力電纜：用(yong)(yong)于(yu)河海各種(zhong)船舶及海上石油平臺等水(shui)上建筑的電力、照明和一般控制之(zhi)用(yong)(yong)。

船用(yong)(yong)控制(zhi)電(dian)纜：用(yong)(yong)于河海各種船舶及海上(shang)(shang)石油(you)平臺等水(shui)上(shang)(shang)建筑一般控制(zhi)之(zhi)用(yong)(yong)。

船用通信電纜(lan)：用于(yu)各種傳播通信、電子計算機、信息(xi)處理設(she)備中的信號傳輸和(he)控(kong)制系統。

3選擇原則

船(chuan)舶電力系(xi)統中(zhong)各電纜的選(xuan)擇步驟(zou)和原則(ze)

1、根據電纜(lan)的用(yong)途(tu)、敷設位(wei)置和工作(zuo)條件選擇合適的電纜(lan)型號。

2、 根據用電(dian)(dian)設備的工作制、電(dian)(dian)源種類、電(dian)(dian)纜線芯和負載電(dian)(dian)流選擇合適(shi)的電(dian)(dian)纜截面。

3、根(gen)據系統短(duan)路電流計算結果，片斷(duan)電纜的短(duan)路容(rong)量是(shi)否滿足要求。

4、 根據環境溫度對(dui)電(dian)纜(lan)的額定載(zai)流(liu)量(liang)進行修正，然后再判斷電(dian)纜(lan)的允許電(dian)流(liu)是否大于負載(zai)電(dian)流(liu)。

5、 根據(ju)成(cheng)束敷設修正(zheng)系(xi)數(shu)，對電纜(lan)的(de)(de)額(e)定載(zai)流(liu)量進行修正(zheng)，然后，再判斷(duan)電纜(lan)的(de)(de)允(yun)許電流(liu)是否大(da)于(yu)負載(zai)電流(liu)。

6、校核線路電(dian)壓降(jiang)，判斷(duan)線路電(dian)壓降(jiang)是否小(xiao)于(yu)規定值。

7、根據保(bao)護裝置的整定值，判斷電(dian)纜與保(bao)護裝置是否協(xie)調；如果(guo)不(bu)協(xie)調，判斷是否可以改變合適(shi)的保(bao)護裝置或整定值，否則應重新選擇(ze)合適(shi)的電(dian)纜載(zai)面(mian)。

船用電纜型號選擇

船用電纜(lan)型號的選擇應考慮下述因素：

1、電纜的(de)用途(tu)———用于動力、照(zhao)明(ming)和(he)無線電通信等。

2、電纜敷設(she)位(wei)置———干燥、潮濕、低溫和是否要求(qiu)屏蔽等。

3、工(gong)作條(tiao)件(jian)———固定敷設、穿管數設和(he)可移動等。

4發展趨勢

根據(ju)幾(ji)年(nian)國內外(wai)船舶工業的發展(zhan)，預(yu)計未來(lai)船舶市場需(xu)求呈現出以大噸位為主(zhu)，具有(you)高技術含量和高附加值等特(te)點。

調查顯示，世(shi)(shi)界造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)中心正在加速(su)向中國(guo)(guo)轉(zhuan)移。目前我(wo)國(guo)(guo)長三角地區，依靠其黃金水道與(yu)(yu)黃金海(hai)岸(an)交(jiao)匯的(de)地緣優勢，已經(jing)成(cheng)(cheng)為世(shi)(shi)界造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)業(ye)投(tou)資轉(zhuan)移的(de)集(ji)聚(ju)區。國(guo)(guo)際(ji)市場受(shou)外部經(jing)濟(ji)環境(jing)而影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)，與(yu)(yu)前幾年相(xiang)比將(jiang)有短(duan)時期(qi)的(de)低迷。但是國(guo)(guo)內(nei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工業(ye)將(jiang)會持(chi)續(xu)興旺，受(shou)到我(wo)國(guo)(guo)海(hai)洋(yang)開發戰略實(shi)施的(de)影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)，國(guo)(guo)內(nei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工業(ye)面(mian)臨巨(ju)大(da)發展空間。我(wo)國(guo)(guo)能(neng)成(cheng)(cheng)功制(zhi)造的(de)新型(xing)(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)種類不斷增加，例如：成(cheng)(cheng)品油(you)(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、化學(xue)品船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海(hai)洋(yang)工程船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠洋(yang)漁船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)型(xing)(xing)集(ji)裝(zhuang)箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、客(ke)滾船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、滾裝(zhuang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化石油(you)(you)氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化天然氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)型(xing)(xing)冷藏(zang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、散貨船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、漁政船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、軍用船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、自卸船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)艙口多用途船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、穿(chuan)梭油(you)(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速(su)無艙蓋集(ji)裝(zhuang)箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速(su)水翼客(ke)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海(hai)上儲油(you)(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、巨(ju)型(xing)(xing)油(you)(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和(he)內(nei)河船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)等(deng)；另(ling)外還(huan)有與(yu)(yu)緝私艇(ting)(ting)、救生艇(ting)(ting)、游(you)艇(ting)(ting)等(deng)小型(xing)(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)艦(jian)艇(ting)(ting)。

我國(guo)(guo)船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)快速發展，將進一(yi)步(bu)拉動(dong)船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)(de)(de)市(shi)場需求(qiu)(qiu)。受船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)作(zuo)環境的(de)(de)(de)影響，船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)上所(suo)使用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)基本都(dou)是無鹵、低(di)煙型(xing)、耐鹽(yan)堿的(de)(de)(de)特種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)。在海上平臺作(zuo)業(ye)中，縱向水密(mi)封電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、臍帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)將會(hui)得到大(da)(da)量(liang)(liang)使用(yong)(yong)。我國(guo)(guo)整體的(de)(de)(de)船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)行業(ye)受國(guo)(guo)內外(wai)船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)發展需求(qiu)(qiu)量(liang)(liang)也(ye)會(hui)大(da)(da)大(da)(da)增加；而軍用(yong)(yong)艦船(chuan)(chuan)、水下航行體、魚雷、水下誘(you)餌、水下偵察器的(de)(de)(de)專用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)和光(guang)(guang)纖光(guang)(guang)纜(lan)市(shi)場需求(qiu)(qiu)也(ye)會(hui)大(da)(da)幅度(du)增加。除此(ci)之外(wai)，船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)的(de)(de)(de)維修以及碼頭等相關設施的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)設也(ye)會(hui)為(wei)其他常用(yong)(yong)類電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)提(ti)供很大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)市(shi)場需求(qiu)(qiu)空間。