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聚氯乙烯電纜

聚(ju)氯乙烯絕緣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)產(chan)品分為固定布(bu)線(xian)用(yong)無保護(hu)(hu)套(tao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜、固定布(bu)線(xian)用(yong)護(hu)(hu)套(tao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜、輕型(xing)無護(hu)(hu)套(tao)軟(ruan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜、一般(ban)用(yong)途護(hu)(hu)套(tao)軟(ruan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜、安裝用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜和屏蔽電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)、特(te)殊(shu)用(yong)途保護(hu)(hu)套(tao)軟(ruan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜、聚(ju)氯乙烯絕緣阻燃耐(nai)火電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜等產(chan)品

歷史

電線(xian)(xian)電纜(lan)行(xing)業(ye)是(shi)(shi)我國(guo)經濟建設的重要配套產業(ye)，廣泛應用(yong)于國(guo)民經濟各個領域(yu)，占據(ju)著中國(guo)電工行(xing)業(ye)1/4的行(xing)業(ye)，是(shi)(shi)機械工業(ye)中僅(jin)次于汽車行(xing)業(ye)的第二大產業(ye)。其中，室內裝(zhuang)修(xiu)使用(yong)的電線(xian)(xian)主要是(shi)(shi)額定電壓450/750v及以下聚氯(lv)乙(yi)烯(xi)絕緣電纜(lan)，又稱電線(xian)(xian)。

電線質量(liang)的考核主要由(you)專業檢(jian)驗(yan)機構進行檢(jian)驗(yan)，報告中主要的技術指標有以下：

1、導體(ti)直流電阻。直接反映電線(xian)(xian)的載流能(neng)力，也就是通常所說能(neng)帶多(duo)大的負載。該指標與(yu)導體(ti)材(cai)質、導體(ti)截面積（電線(xian)(xian)規格）也就是線(xian)(xian)徑(jing)有(you)關

2、成品耐壓試(shi)驗。主要考核電線的絕(jue)緣是否(fou)有漏電。該指標與絕(jue)緣的材料和制造工(gong)藝有關

3、絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)（護套）厚度及機(ji)械(xie)性(xing)能等項目(mu)。主(zhu)要考核電(dian)線(xian)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)壽命及使(shi)用(yong)(yong)環(huan)境。絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)厚度過薄(bo)或(huo)(huo)扁芯，容易在安裝或(huo)(huo)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)中在薄(bo)的位(wei)置(zhi)發(fa)生破損，形成漏電(dian)。使(shi)用(yong)(yong)劣(lie)質絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)材料的電(dian)線(xian)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)壽命短。

選購

1、首選正規廠家、商(shang)家產(chan)品。成盤包裝的電(dian)(dian)線(xian)應有合(he)格證，電(dian)(dian)線(xian)本體應印有廠名(ming)或(huo)商(shang)標(biao)、電(dian)(dian)壓、3C標(biao)志等(deng)。廠家假冒偽(wei)劣電(dian)(dian)線(xian)往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)是(shi)“三無”產(chan)品，但上(shang)面(mian)卻也有模棱兩可的產(chan)地等(deng)標(biao)識，如中(zhong)國制造(zao)、中(zhong)國某省或(huo)某市制造(zao)等(deng)，這實(shi)際(ji)等(deng)于未標(biao)產(chan)地。

2、布電線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)目前使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)導體材料主(zhu)要有銅(tong)和鋁(lv)。在選購(gou)時(shi)首先(xian)應根據使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)負載選擇(ze)相(xiang)應的(de)(de)(de)規格(ge)(ge)，如照明(ming)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)路使(shi)用(yong)1.5平(ping)方(fang)毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)(de)鋁(lv)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)或2.5平(ping)方(fang)毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)(de)鋁(lv)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，如空調、微波(bo)爐、烤(kao)箱(xiang)等(deng)使(shi)用(yong)2.5平(ping)方(fang)毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)(de)銅(tong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)或4平(ping)方(fang)毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)(de)鋁(lv)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，選擇(ze)合(he)適規格(ge)(ge)的(de)(de)(de)電線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)可避免由(you)于小規格(ge)(ge)電線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)載流(liu)量(liang)不夠引起(qi)短路發生火災；其次選購(gou)時(shi)應注意導體的(de)(de)(de)質量(liang)，合(he)格(ge)(ge)的(de)(de)(de)銅(tong)芯電線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)應使(shi)用(yong)紫紅色、有光澤、手感(gan)軟的(de)(de)(de)銅(tong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，而偽劣的(de)(de)(de)銅(tong)芯線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)銅(tong)芯為紫黑(hei)色、偏黃或偏白，雜志多(duo)(duo)，機械強度(du)差(cha)，韌勁不佳，稍用(yong)力即會折斷，而且如果多(duo)(duo)股(gu)銅(tong)絲常有斷線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)現象(xiang)，使(shi)用(yong)壽命短。

3、布(bu)電線使用的外皮為(wei)聚(ju)氯乙烯絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)材料。合格(ge)的電線絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)應該外觀(guan)(guan)光滑(hua)、表面印字清晰(xi)。從電線頭觀(guan)(guan)察，絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)應均勻，不偏芯。有(you)些偽劣斷線絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)層(ceng)看上(shang)去似乎很厚(hou)實，實際上(shang)大多是(shi)用再生塑料制成的，時間一長，絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)層(ceng)會老化漏電。

4、質量好(hao)的(de)電線，一(yi)般都在規定的(de)重量范圍內(nei)。價(jia)格上，由于(yu)假冒偽劣的(de)制(zhi)作成(cheng)本低(di)，因此，商販在銷(xiao)售(shou)(shou)時(shi)，常以(yi)物美(mei)價(jia)廉為幌子(zi)低(di)價(jia)銷(xiao)售(shou)(shou)，讓(rang)人上當。

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