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聚氯乙烯電纜

聚(ju)氯(lv)乙(yi)烯(xi)絕緣(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)產(chan)品分為固(gu)定布(bu)(bu)線(xian)用(yong)無保護(hu)套電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、固(gu)定布(bu)(bu)線(xian)用(yong)護(hu)套電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、輕型無護(hu)套軟(ruan)(ruan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、一般用(yong)途(tu)護(hu)套軟(ruan)(ruan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、安(an)裝(zhuang)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)和屏蔽電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)、特殊(shu)用(yong)途(tu)保護(hu)套軟(ruan)(ruan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、聚(ju)氯(lv)乙(yi)烯(xi)絕緣(yuan)(yuan)阻燃耐火(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)等產(chan)品

歷史

電(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜行(xing)業(ye)是我(wo)國(guo)經濟建(jian)設的(de)(de)重(zhong)要配套產業(ye)，廣泛應(ying)用(yong)于國(guo)民經濟各個領域，占據(ju)著(zhu)中國(guo)電(dian)(dian)工行(xing)業(ye)1/4的(de)(de)行(xing)業(ye)，是機械工業(ye)中僅次于汽車行(xing)業(ye)的(de)(de)第二大產業(ye)。其中，室(shi)內(nei)裝修使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)線(xian)主(zhu)要是額定電(dian)(dian)壓450/750v及以下(xia)聚(ju)氯乙(yi)烯絕緣電(dian)(dian)纜，又(you)稱電(dian)(dian)線(xian)。

電線質量(liang)的(de)(de)考(kao)核(he)主要由(you)專(zhuan)業檢驗(yan)機構進(jin)行檢驗(yan)，報告(gao)中主要的(de)(de)技(ji)術指標有(you)以下(xia)：

1、導(dao)體(ti)直流電阻。直接反映電線(xian)的載流能力，也就(jiu)是通常所(suo)說能帶多大(da)的負載。該指標與導(dao)體(ti)材質、導(dao)體(ti)截面(mian)積（電線(xian)規格）也就(jiu)是線(xian)徑有關

2、成品耐壓(ya)試驗。主(zhu)要考(kao)核(he)電線的絕(jue)緣(yuan)是(shi)否有(you)漏電。該指標與(yu)絕(jue)緣(yuan)的材(cai)料和制造工藝有(you)關

3、絕(jue)緣(yuan)（護套）厚(hou)度(du)及機械性能等項(xiang)目。主要考核電線使(shi)用壽命(ming)及使(shi)用環(huan)境(jing)。絕(jue)緣(yuan)厚(hou)度(du)過薄(bo)或(huo)(huo)扁(bian)芯，容易(yi)在安裝或(huo)(huo)使(shi)用中在薄(bo)的位置發(fa)生破(po)損，形成(cheng)漏(lou)電。使(shi)用劣(lie)質絕(jue)緣(yuan)材料的電線使(shi)用壽命(ming)短。

選購

1、首選正(zheng)規廠家(jia)(jia)、商(shang)家(jia)(jia)產(chan)品。成盤(pan)包裝的(de)(de)電線(xian)(xian)應(ying)有合格證，電線(xian)(xian)本(ben)體應(ying)印有廠名(ming)或商(shang)標(biao)、電壓、3C標(biao)志等。廠家(jia)(jia)假冒偽劣電線(xian)(xian)往往是“三無”產(chan)品，但上面(mian)卻(que)也有模棱兩(liang)可的(de)(de)產(chan)地等標(biao)識，如中(zhong)國制造、中(zhong)國某省或某市制造等，這實(shi)際等于未標(biao)產(chan)地。

2、布(bu)電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)目前(qian)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)導體材料(liao)主要有銅(tong)(tong)和鋁(lv)(lv)。在選購(gou)時首先應(ying)根據使(shi)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)負(fu)載(zai)選擇相應(ying)的(de)(de)規格(ge)，如照明線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)路使(shi)用(yong)(yong)1.5平(ping)方毫米的(de)(de)鋁(lv)(lv)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)或(huo)(huo)2.5平(ping)方毫米的(de)(de)鋁(lv)(lv)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，如空調、微(wei)波爐、烤箱等使(shi)用(yong)(yong)2.5平(ping)方毫米的(de)(de)銅(tong)(tong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)或(huo)(huo)4平(ping)方毫米的(de)(de)鋁(lv)(lv)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，選擇合適(shi)規格(ge)的(de)(de)電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)可避免由于(yu)小規格(ge)電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)載(zai)流(liu)量不夠引起短(duan)路發生火(huo)災；其次選購(gou)時應(ying)注意(yi)導體的(de)(de)質(zhi)量，合格(ge)的(de)(de)銅(tong)(tong)芯(xin)電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)應(ying)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)紫紅色(se)、有光澤(ze)、手(shou)感軟(ruan)的(de)(de)銅(tong)(tong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，而偽劣(lie)的(de)(de)銅(tong)(tong)芯(xin)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)銅(tong)(tong)芯(xin)為紫黑色(se)、偏(pian)(pian)黃或(huo)(huo)偏(pian)(pian)白，雜志多，機械強度差，韌勁不佳，稍用(yong)(yong)力(li)即會折斷(duan)，而且如果多股銅(tong)(tong)絲常有斷(duan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)現象，使(shi)用(yong)(yong)壽命短(duan)。

3、布電(dian)(dian)線(xian)使(shi)用的(de)外皮(pi)為(wei)聚(ju)氯乙烯絕緣材(cai)料。合格的(de)電(dian)(dian)線(xian)絕緣應該(gai)外觀光滑(hua)、表(biao)面印字(zi)清晰。從電(dian)(dian)線(xian)頭觀察，絕緣應均勻(yun)，不偏芯。有些偽劣斷線(xian)絕緣層看上(shang)去似乎很厚實(shi)，實(shi)際上(shang)大多是用再生塑料制成(cheng)的(de)，時間一長，絕緣層會老化漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)。

4、質量好(hao)的(de)(de)電線(xian)，一般都(dou)在(zai)規定的(de)(de)重量范圍(wei)內。價(jia)格上，由于假(jia)冒偽劣的(de)(de)制作成本低(di)，因此，商販在(zai)銷(xiao)售(shou)時，常以物美價(jia)廉為幌子低(di)價(jia)銷(xiao)售(shou)，讓人上當。

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