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船用電纜

中文名

船用電纜

全    稱

船用電力電纜

主要用途

水上建(jian)筑的電(dian)力(li)照明和一般控制(zhi)用

執行標準

IEC60092-350

1簡介

船用(yong)電(dian)(dian)纜又稱船用(yong)電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)纜，是一種(zhong)用(yong)于河海(hai)各種(zhong)船舶及海(hai)上(shang)(shang)石油平臺等水上(shang)(shang)建筑的電(dian)(dian)力、照(zhao)明和一般控制(zhi)之用(yong)的電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜。

主要用(yong)途：應用(yong)于用(yong)于河海(hai)各種船(chuan)舶及(ji)海(hai)上(shang)石(shi)油平(ping)臺(tai)等水上(shang)建筑的電力、照(zhao)明(ming)和一般控制(zhi)之用(yong)。

執行(xing)標準(zhun)：船用(yong)電力電纜的執行(xing)標準(zhun)：IEC60092-350，IEC60092-353或GB9331-88。

船(chuan)用電(dian)力電(dian)纜主要(yao)參數有型(xing)號規(gui)格、芯數、燃(ran)燒特性、額定電(dian)壓、溫度(du)、標(biao)稱截面(mian)積(ji)等主要(yao)參數。

2分類

從種類(lei)上分，船用電(dian)纜(lan)可分為兩(liang)類(lei)：民(min)船用電(dian)線電(dian)纜(lan)、軍艦用電(dian)線電(dian)纜(lan)。

從用(yong)途上(shang)分，船用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)可分為三類：船/艦用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、船/艦用(yong)控制電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、船/艦用(yong)通訊電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)。其作用(yong)分別是：

船用(yong)電力電纜：用(yong)于(yu)河海各種(zhong)船舶及海上石油(you)平(ping)臺等水上建筑(zhu)的電力、照明和一般控制之用(yong)。

船用控(kong)制電纜(lan)：用于(yu)河海各種(zhong)船舶及(ji)海上石(shi)油(you)平(ping)臺等水上建筑一般控(kong)制之用。

船(chuan)用通信(xin)(xin)電(dian)纜：用于(yu)各種傳播通信(xin)(xin)、電(dian)子計算機、信(xin)(xin)息處理設(she)備中的(de)信(xin)(xin)號傳輸和控(kong)制系統。

3選擇原則

船舶電力系統中各電纜(lan)的選(xuan)擇步驟和原則(ze)

1、根據電纜(lan)的用途、敷設(she)位置(zhi)和工(gong)作條件選擇合適的電纜(lan)型號。

2、 根據用電(dian)(dian)設(she)備(bei)的(de)(de)工作制、電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)種類、電(dian)(dian)纜線(xian)芯和(he)負載電(dian)(dian)流選擇合適的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)纜截面。

3、根據系(xi)統短路電(dian)(dian)流計算結(jie)果，片斷電(dian)(dian)纜的(de)短路容量是否滿(man)足要求。

4、 根(gen)據環境溫度對電(dian)纜的額定載流量進行(xing)修正(zheng)，然(ran)后再判斷(duan)電(dian)纜的允許電(dian)流是(shi)否(fou)大于負載電(dian)流。

5、 根據成(cheng)束敷設修(xiu)正(zheng)系數，對電纜(lan)的(de)額定(ding)載(zai)流量進行修(xiu)正(zheng)，然后，再判斷電纜(lan)的(de)允許電流是否大于(yu)負載(zai)電流。

6、校核線路電壓降，判(pan)斷(duan)線路電壓降是否小于規定值。

7、根據保(bao)護裝(zhuang)置(zhi)的整(zheng)定(ding)值(zhi)，判(pan)斷電纜(lan)與保(bao)護裝(zhuang)置(zhi)是(shi)否(fou)協(xie)調；如果不(bu)協(xie)調，判(pan)斷是(shi)否(fou)可以改(gai)變合適的保(bao)護裝(zhuang)置(zhi)或整(zheng)定(ding)值(zhi)，否(fou)則應(ying)重新選擇合適的電纜(lan)載面。

船用電纜型號選擇

船(chuan)用(yong)電纜型號的選(xuan)擇應考慮下(xia)述因素：

1、電纜的用途(tu)———用于動力(li)、照明和無(wu)線電通信等(deng)。

2、電纜敷設位置———干燥、潮濕、低溫和是否(fou)要求(qiu)屏(ping)蔽(bi)等。

3、工作條(tiao)件———固定敷設、穿管(guan)數設和可(ke)移動等。

4發展趨勢

根據幾年(nian)國內外船舶(bo)工業的(de)發展，預計(ji)未來船舶(bo)市場需求呈現(xian)出以大噸位為主，具(ju)有高技術含量和高附加值等特點。

調查顯示，世(shi)界(jie)造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)中心(xin)正在加速向中國(guo)轉移。目前(qian)我國(guo)長三角地區，依(yi)靠其黃金(jin)水道(dao)與黃金(jin)海岸交匯的地緣(yuan)優勢(shi)，已經成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)世(shi)界(jie)造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)業(ye)投資轉移的集(ji)聚區。國(guo)際市(shi)場受外(wai)(wai)部經濟環境(jing)而影響，與前(qian)幾年相比將(jiang)有(you)短時(shi)期的低迷。但是國(guo)內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶工(gong)業(ye)將(jiang)會持續(xu)興(xing)旺，受到我國(guo)海洋開發戰略實(shi)施的影響，國(guo)內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶工(gong)業(ye)面(mian)臨(lin)巨(ju)(ju)大(da)(da)(da)發展空間。我國(guo)能成(cheng)(cheng)功制造的新型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶種(zhong)類不斷增加，例如：成(cheng)(cheng)品(pin)油(you)(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、化(hua)學品(pin)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海洋工(gong)程(cheng)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠洋漁船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)(da)(da)型(xing)集(ji)裝箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、客滾(gun)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、滾(gun)裝船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化(hua)石油(you)(you)氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化(hua)天然氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)(da)(da)型(xing)冷藏船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、散(san)貨(huo)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、漁政船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、軍用(yong)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、自卸船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)(da)(da)艙(cang)口多用(yong)途船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、穿梭(suo)油(you)(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高(gao)(gao)速無艙(cang)蓋集(ji)裝箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高(gao)(gao)速水翼客船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海上儲油(you)(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、巨(ju)(ju)型(xing)油(you)(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和內河船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶等；另外(wai)(wai)還有(you)與緝私艇(ting)、救生艇(ting)、游(you)艇(ting)等小型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶艦艇(ting)。

我國船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)工(gong)業(ye)的(de)(de)快(kuai)速(su)發展(zhan)，將進一步拉動船(chuan)(chuan)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)市場需(xu)求(qiu)。受(shou)船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)工(gong)作環境的(de)(de)影(ying)響，船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)上所使(shi)用的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)基本都是無鹵、低(di)煙型、耐鹽堿(jian)的(de)(de)特種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)。在海上平(ping)臺作業(ye)中，縱向水(shui)(shui)密封電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)、臍帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)將會(hui)得(de)到大(da)(da)量使(shi)用。我國整體(ti)的(de)(de)船(chuan)(chuan)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)行業(ye)受(shou)國內(nei)外船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)工(gong)業(ye)的(de)(de)發展(zhan)需(xu)求(qiu)量也會(hui)大(da)(da)大(da)(da)增(zeng)加；而軍用艦船(chuan)(chuan)、水(shui)(shui)下航行體(ti)、魚(yu)雷、水(shui)(shui)下誘餌、水(shui)(shui)下偵(zhen)察器的(de)(de)專用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)和光纖光纜(lan)(lan)(lan)市場需(xu)求(qiu)也會(hui)大(da)(da)幅度增(zeng)加。除此之外，船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)的(de)(de)維修(xiu)以及(ji)碼(ma)頭(tou)等相關(guan)設施的(de)(de)建設也會(hui)為其(qi)他常用類電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)提(ti)供很大(da)(da)的(de)(de)市場需(xu)求(qiu)空(kong)間。