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船用電纜

中文名

船用電纜

全    稱(cheng)

船用電力電纜

主要用途

水上(shang)建筑的電力照明和一(yi)般控制(zhi)用

執行標準

IEC60092-350

1簡介

船用(yong)(yong)電(dian)纜(lan)又稱船用(yong)(yong)電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)，是(shi)一種用(yong)(yong)于河海各種船舶(bo)及(ji)海上石油平臺等水上建筑的電(dian)力、照明和一般(ban)控制之(zhi)用(yong)(yong)的電(dian)線電(dian)纜(lan)。

主要用(yong)(yong)途：應用(yong)(yong)于(yu)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)河海各(ge)種船(chuan)舶及海上石油平臺等水上建筑的電力、照明(ming)和一般控制之用(yong)(yong)。

執行標(biao)準：船(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)力(li)電(dian)纜(lan)的執行標(biao)準：IEC60092-350，IEC60092-353或(huo)GB9331-88。

船用電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)主要參數(shu)有型號規格(ge)、芯數(shu)、燃燒特(te)性、額定電(dian)壓、溫度(du)、標(biao)稱截面積等主要參數(shu)。

2分類

從(cong)種類上分(fen)，船(chuan)用(yong)電纜可(ke)分(fen)為兩類：民(min)船(chuan)用(yong)電線電纜、軍艦用(yong)電線電纜。

從用(yong)途(tu)上(shang)分，船用(yong)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)可分為三類：船/艦用(yong)電(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)、船/艦用(yong)控制電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)、船/艦用(yong)通(tong)訊電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)。其作用(yong)分別是(shi)：

船用電力(li)電纜：用于(yu)河海各種船舶及(ji)海上(shang)石油平臺等(deng)水上(shang)建筑的電力(li)、照明和一般控制之用。

船用(yong)(yong)控制電纜：用(yong)(yong)于(yu)河海各(ge)種船舶及海上(shang)石油(you)平臺等水上(shang)建筑一般控制之(zhi)用(yong)(yong)。

船(chuan)用通信(xin)(xin)電(dian)纜：用于各種傳播通信(xin)(xin)、電(dian)子計算機(ji)、信(xin)(xin)息(xi)處理設(she)備(bei)中的(de)信(xin)(xin)號傳輸(shu)和控制系統(tong)。

3選擇原則

船舶電力系統中各(ge)電纜(lan)的選擇步驟和原(yuan)則

1、根據(ju)電纜的用途、敷(fu)設位置和工(gong)作條(tiao)件選擇合適的電纜型號(hao)。

2、 根(gen)據用電(dian)(dian)設備的工作制、電(dian)(dian)源種類(lei)、電(dian)(dian)纜線芯(xin)和負(fu)載電(dian)(dian)流(liu)選擇(ze)合適的電(dian)(dian)纜截(jie)面。

3、根據系統短路電流計算結果，片斷電纜的短路容量是否滿足要求。

4、 根據環(huan)境溫度對(dui)電纜的額定載(zai)流(liu)量進行(xing)修正，然后再判斷電纜的允(yun)許電流(liu)是否大(da)于負載(zai)電流(liu)。

5、 根據成(cheng)束敷設修正系數，對電纜(lan)的(de)(de)額定載流(liu)量進行修正，然后，再判斷電纜(lan)的(de)(de)允許電流(liu)是否大(da)于(yu)負(fu)載電流(liu)。

6、校核線(xian)(xian)路電壓(ya)降(jiang)，判斷(duan)線(xian)(xian)路電壓(ya)降(jiang)是否小于規定值。

7、根據保護(hu)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)的(de)整定(ding)值，判斷電纜(lan)與(yu)保護(hu)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)是否協調(diao)；如(ru)果不協調(diao)，判斷是否可(ke)以改變合適的(de)保護(hu)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)或整定(ding)值，否則應(ying)重新選擇合適的(de)電纜(lan)載面。

船用電纜型號選擇

船用電纜(lan)型號的選擇應考慮下述因素：

1、電(dian)纜(lan)的用途———用于動力、照明和無線電(dian)通信(xin)等。

2、電(dian)纜(lan)敷(fu)設位置(zhi)———干燥、潮濕(shi)、低溫(wen)和是否(fou)要求屏蔽(bi)等。

3、工作條件———固定敷設、穿管數(shu)設和可移動等。

4發展趨勢

根據幾年國內外船舶工(gong)業的(de)發展，預計未來船舶市場需(xu)求呈(cheng)現出以大噸位為(wei)主，具有高(gao)技術(shu)含量和(he)高(gao)附加值等特(te)點(dian)。

調查顯示，世界造(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)中(zhong)心正在(zai)加速向中(zhong)國轉移。目前我國長三角地區，依靠其(qi)黃(huang)金水(shui)道與黃(huang)金海岸交匯的地緣優勢(shi)，已經成(cheng)為世界造(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)業投(tou)資轉移的集(ji)聚區。國際市場受(shou)(shou)外(wai)部經濟環境而影(ying)響，與前幾年相(xiang)比(bi)將有短時期的低迷。但是(shi)國內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)(gong)業將會(hui)持續(xu)興(xing)旺，受(shou)(shou)到我國海洋(yang)開發(fa)戰(zhan)略(lve)實施的影(ying)響，國內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)(gong)業面臨(lin)巨大發(fa)展空(kong)間。我國能成(cheng)功制造(zao)的新型(xing)(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)種類不斷增加，例如：成(cheng)品(pin)油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、化學品(pin)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海洋(yang)工(gong)(gong)程船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠(yuan)洋(yang)漁(yu)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大型(xing)(xing)集(ji)裝(zhuang)箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、客滾(gun)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、滾(gun)裝(zhuang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化石油氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化天(tian)然氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大型(xing)(xing)冷藏船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、散貨船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、漁(yu)政(zheng)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、軍用船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、自(zi)卸船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大艙口多用途船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、穿梭油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速無(wu)艙蓋集(ji)裝(zhuang)箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速水(shui)翼客船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海上儲油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、巨型(xing)(xing)油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和內河船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)等；另外(wai)還有與緝私艇(ting)、救生艇(ting)、游艇(ting)等小型(xing)(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)艦艇(ting)。

我國(guo)船(chuan)(chuan)舶工(gong)(gong)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)快速發(fa)展，將(jiang)進一步拉動(dong)船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜的(de)(de)(de)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)需求。受船(chuan)(chuan)舶工(gong)(gong)作環境的(de)(de)(de)影響，船(chuan)(chuan)舶上所使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜基本都是無(wu)鹵(lu)、低煙型、耐鹽堿(jian)的(de)(de)(de)特種電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜。在海上平臺(tai)作業(ye)中，縱(zong)向水密封(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜、臍(qi)帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜將(jiang)會(hui)得(de)到大量使(shi)用(yong)。我國(guo)整體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜行(xing)業(ye)受國(guo)內外船(chuan)(chuan)舶工(gong)(gong)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展需求量也會(hui)大大增加(jia)；而軍用(yong)艦船(chuan)(chuan)、水下(xia)航行(xing)體(ti)、魚雷(lei)、水下(xia)誘餌、水下(xia)偵(zhen)察(cha)器的(de)(de)(de)專用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜和光(guang)纖(xian)光(guang)纜市(shi)場(chang)(chang)需求也會(hui)大幅度增加(jia)。除此之外，船(chuan)(chuan)舶的(de)(de)(de)維修以及碼頭等(deng)相(xiang)關設(she)(she)施的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)設(she)(she)也會(hui)為(wei)其他常用(yong)類電(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜提供很大的(de)(de)(de)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)需求空間。