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船用電纜

中文名

船用電纜

全    稱

船用電力電纜

主要用途

水上建(jian)筑(zhu)的電力(li)照(zhao)明和一般控制用

執行標準

IEC60092-350

1簡介

船(chuan)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜又稱船(chuan)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜，是一種用(yong)(yong)于(yu)河海各(ge)種船(chuan)舶(bo)及海上(shang)石油平臺等水上(shang)建筑的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力、照明(ming)和(he)一般控制之用(yong)(yong)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜。

主要(yao)用途：應用于用于河海(hai)各種船舶及海(hai)上石油平(ping)臺等水(shui)上建筑的(de)電力、照明和一般(ban)控制(zhi)之用。

執行(xing)標準(zhun)：船用電(dian)力(li)電(dian)纜(lan)的執行(xing)標準(zhun)：IEC60092-350，IEC60092-353或GB9331-88。

船用電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)纜主要參數(shu)有(you)型號規(gui)格(ge)、芯數(shu)、燃燒特性、額定電(dian)(dian)壓、溫度、標稱截面積等主要參數(shu)。

2分類

從種類上分，船用(yong)(yong)電(dian)纜(lan)可分為兩類：民船用(yong)(yong)電(dian)線電(dian)纜(lan)、軍艦用(yong)(yong)電(dian)線電(dian)纜(lan)。

從用(yong)途上分，船用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)可分為三類：船/艦(jian)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)、船/艦(jian)用(yong)控制電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)、船/艦(jian)用(yong)通訊電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)。其作(zuo)用(yong)分別是：

船(chuan)用電力(li)電纜(lan)：用于河海各(ge)種(zhong)船(chuan)舶(bo)及(ji)海上(shang)石油平臺等水上(shang)建筑的(de)電力(li)、照明和一般(ban)控制之(zhi)用。

船用(yong)(yong)控制(zhi)電纜：用(yong)(yong)于河海各(ge)種船舶及(ji)海上石油平臺等水上建(jian)筑一般(ban)控制(zhi)之用(yong)(yong)。

船(chuan)用通信(xin)電纜：用于(yu)各種傳(chuan)播通信(xin)、電子計算機、信(xin)息處理(li)設備中的信(xin)號傳(chuan)輸和控制系統。

3選擇原則

船舶電(dian)力系統中各(ge)電(dian)纜的(de)選擇步驟和原則(ze)

1、根據電纜(lan)的用途(tu)、敷設(she)位置和工作條件選擇(ze)合適的電纜(lan)型號。

2、 根(gen)據用電設備的工作(zuo)制、電源種類、電纜(lan)(lan)線(xian)芯和負載電流選擇合(he)適的電纜(lan)(lan)截面。

3、根據系統短路電流計算結果，片(pian)斷電纜(lan)的短路容量(liang)是否滿足要求(qiu)。

4、 根據(ju)環境溫度(du)對電纜的額定載流(liu)量(liang)進(jin)行修正(zheng)，然后再判斷(duan)電纜的允許電流(liu)是否(fou)大于負(fu)載電流(liu)。

5、 根(gen)據成束敷設修正系數，對電(dian)(dian)纜的(de)額(e)定載流(liu)量進行修正，然后，再(zai)判斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)纜的(de)允(yun)許電(dian)(dian)流(liu)是否大于負載電(dian)(dian)流(liu)。

6、校核線路電壓降，判斷(duan)線路電壓降是否小于(yu)規定值。

7、根(gen)據保護(hu)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)的整(zheng)定值，判斷電纜(lan)與(yu)保護(hu)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)是否(fou)(fou)協(xie)(xie)調；如果不協(xie)(xie)調，判斷是否(fou)(fou)可以改變合(he)適(shi)的保護(hu)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)或(huo)整(zheng)定值，否(fou)(fou)則應重新(xin)選擇合(he)適(shi)的電纜(lan)載面。

船用電纜型號選擇

船用電纜型號的選(xuan)擇(ze)應(ying)考慮下述因素：

1、電(dian)纜的用(yong)途———用(yong)于(yu)動力、照明和無線電(dian)通信(xin)等。

2、電纜敷(fu)設(she)位(wei)置(zhi)———干燥、潮(chao)濕、低溫(wen)和是(shi)否要求(qiu)屏蔽等。

3、工(gong)作條件———固定敷設(she)、穿管數設(she)和可移動等。

4發展趨勢

根據幾年國內(nei)外船舶工(gong)業的發(fa)展，預(yu)計未來船舶市場需求(qiu)呈現出以大(da)噸位(wei)為主(zhu)，具有高技術含量和高附加值等特點。

調(diao)查顯(xian)示(shi)，世界造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)中心正(zheng)在加(jia)速(su)向中國(guo)(guo)轉移。目前我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)長(chang)三角地區(qu)，依(yi)靠其黃(huang)金(jin)水道與(yu)黃(huang)金(jin)海岸交匯的(de)(de)地緣優勢(shi)，已經(jing)成為世界造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)業投資轉移的(de)(de)集聚區(qu)。國(guo)(guo)際市(shi)場受(shou)外(wai)(wai)部經(jing)濟環境而影響，與(yu)前幾(ji)年(nian)相比(bi)將有短時期的(de)(de)低迷(mi)。但是(shi)國(guo)(guo)內(nei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶工(gong)(gong)業將會持續興旺，受(shou)到我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)海洋開(kai)發(fa)戰(zhan)略(lve)實施的(de)(de)影響，國(guo)(guo)內(nei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶工(gong)(gong)業面臨巨(ju)大(da)發(fa)展空間。我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)能成功(gong)制造的(de)(de)新型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶種類不(bu)斷(duan)增加(jia)，例如：成品油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、化(hua)學品船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海洋工(gong)(gong)程船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠洋漁船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)型(xing)集裝(zhuang)箱(xiang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、客滾船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、滾裝(zhuang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化(hua)石油氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化(hua)天然氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)型(xing)冷藏(zang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、散(san)貨船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、漁政船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、軍(jun)用船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、自(zi)卸(xie)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)艙口(kou)多用途船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、穿(chuan)梭油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速(su)無艙蓋(gai)集裝(zhuang)箱(xiang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速(su)水翼客船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海上儲(chu)油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、巨(ju)型(xing)油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和內(nei)河船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶等；另外(wai)(wai)還有與(yu)緝私艇(ting)(ting)、救(jiu)生艇(ting)(ting)、游艇(ting)(ting)等小型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶艦艇(ting)(ting)。

我國(guo)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶工業的(de)(de)(de)(de)快(kuai)速發展(zhan)，將進一步拉動船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)市(shi)場(chang)需求。受(shou)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶工作(zuo)環境(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響，船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶上所(suo)使用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)基(ji)本(ben)都(dou)是無鹵、低煙型、耐鹽(yan)堿的(de)(de)(de)(de)特種電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)。在(zai)海上平臺作(zuo)業中(zhong)，縱(zong)向(xiang)水密封電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)、臍帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)將會(hui)得到大量使用(yong)(yong)。我國(guo)整體的(de)(de)(de)(de)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)行業受(shou)國(guo)內外船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶工業的(de)(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)需求量也(ye)會(hui)大大增(zeng)加；而軍(jun)用(yong)(yong)艦(jian)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、水下航行體、魚雷、水下誘餌、水下偵察器的(de)(de)(de)(de)專用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)和(he)光纖光纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)市(shi)場(chang)需求也(ye)會(hui)大幅度增(zeng)加。除此之(zhi)外，船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶的(de)(de)(de)(de)維修以及碼頭等相(xiang)關設施的(de)(de)(de)(de)建設也(ye)會(hui)為其(qi)他常用(yong)(yong)類電(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)提(ti)供很大的(de)(de)(de)(de)市(shi)場(chang)需求空間。