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船用電纜

中文名

船用電纜

全    稱

船用電力電纜

主要用途

水上建筑(zhu)的(de)電力照明和一般控(kong)制用

執行標準

IEC60092-350

1簡介

船用(yong)電纜又稱船用(yong)電力電纜，是一(yi)種用(yong)于河海各種船舶及海上(shang)石油(you)平臺等水上(shang)建筑的電力、照明和(he)一(yi)般控制之用(yong)的電線電纜。

主要用(yong)途(tu)：應用(yong)于用(yong)于河海各種船舶及(ji)海上石油平臺等水上建(jian)筑的電力、照明和一般(ban)控制之用(yong)。

執(zhi)(zhi)行標準：船用電力電纜(lan)的執(zhi)(zhi)行標準：IEC60092-350，IEC60092-353或(huo)GB9331-88。

船(chuan)用電力電纜主要參數有型(xing)號(hao)規格、芯數、燃燒特性(xing)、額(e)定電壓、溫度、標稱截面(mian)積等主要參數。

2分類

從種類(lei)上(shang)分(fen)，船用(yong)(yong)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)可分(fen)為兩類(lei)：民船用(yong)(yong)電(dian)線電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)、軍艦用(yong)(yong)電(dian)線電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)。

從用(yong)(yong)途上分，船用(yong)(yong)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)可(ke)分為三(san)類(lei)：船/艦(jian)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)、船/艦(jian)用(yong)(yong)控制(zhi)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)、船/艦(jian)用(yong)(yong)通(tong)訊(xun)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)。其作用(yong)(yong)分別(bie)是：

船(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)力(li)電(dian)纜(lan)：用(yong)于(yu)河海各種船(chuan)舶及(ji)海上石油平臺(tai)等水上建(jian)筑的電(dian)力(li)、照明和(he)一般控制之用(yong)。

船用控(kong)制電纜：用于河(he)海各種(zhong)船舶(bo)及(ji)海上石(shi)油平臺等(deng)水上建筑一般控(kong)制之用。

船用(yong)通(tong)信(xin)電(dian)纜：用(yong)于各種傳播通(tong)信(xin)、電(dian)子計算機(ji)、信(xin)息處(chu)理設備中(zhong)的信(xin)號傳輸和控制系統(tong)。

3選擇原則

船舶電力系統(tong)中各電纜的選擇步驟和原則

1、根據電纜(lan)的(de)用途、敷(fu)設位置和工(gong)作條件(jian)選(xuan)擇(ze)合(he)適的(de)電纜(lan)型號(hao)。

2、 根據用電設備的(de)工(gong)作制(zhi)、電源種類、電纜(lan)線芯和負載電流選擇(ze)合適的(de)電纜(lan)截面。

3、根據系(xi)統短(duan)路(lu)電流計(ji)算結(jie)果(guo)，片斷電纜(lan)的短(duan)路(lu)容量是否滿足要求。

4、 根據環境(jing)溫(wen)度對(dui)電纜的額定載流量進行(xing)修(xiu)正(zheng)，然后再判斷電纜的允(yun)許(xu)電流是否(fou)大于負載電流。

5、 根據成束敷設修(xiu)正(zheng)系(xi)數，對電(dian)(dian)纜的額(e)定(ding)載(zai)流(liu)量進行修(xiu)正(zheng)，然后，再判斷電(dian)(dian)纜的允(yun)許電(dian)(dian)流(liu)是(shi)否(fou)大于負(fu)載(zai)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)。

6、校核線路(lu)(lu)電壓(ya)降，判斷(duan)線路(lu)(lu)電壓(ya)降是(shi)否小于規(gui)定(ding)值。

7、根(gen)據(ju)保護裝(zhuang)置(zhi)的整定值，判斷(duan)電纜與保護裝(zhuang)置(zhi)是(shi)否協(xie)調；如(ru)果不協(xie)調，判斷(duan)是(shi)否可(ke)以改變合(he)適的保護裝(zhuang)置(zhi)或(huo)整定值，否則應(ying)重新選(xuan)擇(ze)合(he)適的電纜載面。

船用電纜型號選擇

船(chuan)用電纜型號的選擇應考慮下(xia)述因(yin)素：

1、電纜的(de)用途(tu)———用于動力、照明和無(wu)線電通信等。

2、電纜敷設位置———干(gan)燥、潮濕、低溫和(he)是(shi)否要求屏(ping)蔽(bi)等(deng)。

3、工作條(tiao)件(jian)———固定(ding)敷設、穿管數設和可移動等。

4發展趨勢

根據幾(ji)年國內外船(chuan)(chuan)舶工業(ye)的發展，預計未來船(chuan)(chuan)舶市場需求呈(cheng)現出以大(da)噸位(wei)為主，具有高技術含量和高附加值等特點(dian)。

調查顯(xian)示，世界造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)中心正在加速向(xiang)中國(guo)轉移(yi)。目前我國(guo)長(chang)三角地區，依靠其黃金(jin)水道與黃金(jin)海岸交匯的地緣優(you)勢，已經成(cheng)為世界造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)業(ye)(ye)投資轉移(yi)的集(ji)聚區。國(guo)際(ji)市(shi)場受外(wai)部經濟(ji)環境而影響(xiang)，與前幾年(nian)相比將有(you)短時期的低迷(mi)。但是(shi)國(guo)內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)將會持續興旺，受到我國(guo)海洋開發(fa)戰略實施(shi)的影響(xiang)，國(guo)內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)面臨巨(ju)大發(fa)展空間(jian)。我國(guo)能成(cheng)功(gong)制造的新型(xing)(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)種類不斷增(zeng)加，例如：成(cheng)品油(you)(you)(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、化(hua)學(xue)品船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海洋工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠洋漁船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大型(xing)(xing)集(ji)裝(zhuang)箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、客(ke)滾船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、滾裝(zhuang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液(ye)化(hua)石油(you)(you)(you)氣(qi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液(ye)化(hua)天然氣(qi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大型(xing)(xing)冷藏船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、散貨船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、漁政船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、軍用(yong)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、自卸船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大艙口多用(yong)途船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、穿梭油(you)(you)(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高(gao)速無(wu)艙蓋集(ji)裝(zhuang)箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高(gao)速水翼(yi)客(ke)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海上儲油(you)(you)(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、巨(ju)型(xing)(xing)油(you)(you)(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和內河船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)等(deng)；另外(wai)還有(you)與緝(ji)私艇(ting)(ting)(ting)、救生艇(ting)(ting)(ting)、游艇(ting)(ting)(ting)等(deng)小型(xing)(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)艦(jian)艇(ting)(ting)(ting)。

我國(guo)船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)工業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)快速發展，將(jiang)進(jin)一步拉動船(chuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)(de)市場(chang)需求。受(shou)船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)工作(zuo)環境的(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響，船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)上(shang)所使用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)基本都是無(wu)鹵(lu)、低煙型、耐鹽堿的(de)(de)(de)特種電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)。在海上(shang)平臺作(zuo)業(ye)中(zhong)，縱向水密封電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)、臍帶電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)將(jiang)會(hui)得到大量使用(yong)(yong)(yong)。我國(guo)整體的(de)(de)(de)船(chuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)行(xing)業(ye)受(shou)國(guo)內(nei)外船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)工業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)發展需求量也會(hui)大大增加；而(er)軍(jun)用(yong)(yong)(yong)艦船(chuan)、水下航行(xing)體、魚雷、水下誘餌、水下偵察器的(de)(de)(de)專用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)和光(guang)纖光(guang)纜(lan)(lan)市場(chang)需求也會(hui)大幅度增加。除此之外，船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)的(de)(de)(de)維修(xiu)以及碼頭等相(xiang)關設施(shi)的(de)(de)(de)建設也會(hui)為其他常用(yong)(yong)(yong)類電(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)提供很大的(de)(de)(de)市場(chang)需求空間。