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船用電纜

中文名(ming)

船用電纜

全    稱

船用電力電纜

主要用途

水上建筑的電力照明和一般控制用(yong)

執行標準

IEC60092-350

1簡介

船(chuan)用電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)又(you)稱船(chuan)用電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)，是一(yi)種用于河海各種船(chuan)舶(bo)及海上石油平臺等水上建筑的(de)電(dian)(dian)力、照(zhao)明和(he)一(yi)般(ban)控制之用的(de)電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)。

主要(yao)用途：應用于用于河海各(ge)種船舶及(ji)海上石油(you)平臺(tai)等(deng)水(shui)上建筑的電力、照明和一般(ban)控制之用。

執行標(biao)(biao)準：船用電力電纜的執行標(biao)(biao)準：IEC60092-350，IEC60092-353或GB9331-88。

船用(yong)電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)主(zhu)要參數有型(xing)號規格、芯數、燃(ran)燒特性、額定電(dian)壓、溫度、標稱截面(mian)積(ji)等主(zhu)要參數。

2分類

從(cong)種類上分(fen)，船(chuan)用電(dian)纜可(ke)分(fen)為(wei)兩(liang)類：民船(chuan)用電(dian)線(xian)電(dian)纜、軍(jun)艦用電(dian)線(xian)電(dian)纜。

從(cong)用(yong)(yong)途上分(fen)，船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)(yong)電纜可分(fen)為三類(lei)：船(chuan)(chuan)/艦(jian)用(yong)(yong)電力電纜、船(chuan)(chuan)/艦(jian)用(yong)(yong)控制電纜、船(chuan)(chuan)/艦(jian)用(yong)(yong)通訊電纜。其作用(yong)(yong)分(fen)別是：

船用(yong)電力電纜：用(yong)于河海各種(zhong)船舶(bo)及海上石油平(ping)臺(tai)等水上建(jian)筑的電力、照明和一般控制之用(yong)。

船用控制(zhi)電纜：用于河(he)海各種船舶及海上石油平(ping)臺等(deng)水上建筑一般控制(zhi)之用。

船(chuan)用(yong)通信(xin)電(dian)纜：用(yong)于各種傳(chuan)播(bo)通信(xin)、電(dian)子(zi)計(ji)算機、信(xin)息處理(li)設備中(zhong)的(de)信(xin)號傳(chuan)輸和控制系統(tong)。

3選擇原則

船舶(bo)電(dian)力系統中各電(dian)纜的選擇步(bu)驟和原(yuan)則

1、根據電纜的(de)用途、敷設位(wei)置(zhi)和工(gong)作條件選擇合(he)適的(de)電纜型(xing)號。

2、 根據用電(dian)設備的工(gong)作(zuo)制(zhi)、電(dian)源種(zhong)類、電(dian)纜線芯和負載電(dian)流(liu)選擇合適的電(dian)纜截面。

3、根據(ju)系統短(duan)(duan)路電流計算結果，片斷(duan)電纜的(de)短(duan)(duan)路容量是否滿足要求。

4、 根據環(huan)境溫度對電纜(lan)的額(e)定(ding)載(zai)流量進行修正，然后再判斷電纜(lan)的允許電流是否(fou)大于負載(zai)電流。

5、 根據(ju)成束敷設修(xiu)正系數(shu)，對電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的額(e)定載流量進行修(xiu)正，然后，再(zai)判斷電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的允許電(dian)(dian)流是否大于負載電(dian)(dian)流。

6、校核線(xian)路電壓降，判斷線(xian)路電壓降是否小于規定值(zhi)。

7、根(gen)據保(bao)護(hu)裝(zhuang)置的(de)整定值(zhi)，判斷電(dian)(dian)纜與保(bao)護(hu)裝(zhuang)置是否協(xie)調；如(ru)果不(bu)協(xie)調，判斷是否可(ke)以改變合(he)適的(de)保(bao)護(hu)裝(zhuang)置或整定值(zhi)，否則應重新(xin)選擇合(he)適的(de)電(dian)(dian)纜載面。

船用電纜型號選擇

船用電纜型號(hao)的(de)選(xuan)擇應考慮(lv)下述因(yin)素(su)：

1、電纜(lan)的用途———用于(yu)動(dong)力、照明和無線電通信等(deng)。

2、電纜敷設(she)位置———干燥、潮濕、低溫和是否要(yao)求屏蔽等。

3、工作條件(jian)———固定(ding)敷設、穿管數設和可移動(dong)等(deng)。

4發展趨勢

根據幾年國內外船舶(bo)工業的發(fa)展，預(yu)計未來船舶(bo)市場(chang)需求呈現出以大噸位為主，具(ju)有高技術含量和高附(fu)加值等(deng)特(te)點。

調查(cha)顯(xian)示，世界造(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)中(zhong)心正(zheng)在加速向中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)轉移。目(mu)前我國(guo)(guo)長(chang)三角地區，依靠其(qi)黃金水道與黃金海(hai)岸(an)交匯的地緣(yuan)優(you)勢(shi)，已經成為(wei)世界造(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)業(ye)投(tou)資轉移的集(ji)聚區。國(guo)(guo)際市場受外(wai)部(bu)經濟環境(jing)而(er)影響，與前幾年相(xiang)比將(jiang)有短(duan)時期的低迷(mi)。但是國(guo)(guo)內(nei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)將(jiang)會持(chi)續(xu)興旺，受到我國(guo)(guo)海(hai)洋(yang)開發(fa)戰略實施的影響，國(guo)(guo)內(nei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)面臨(lin)巨(ju)大(da)(da)發(fa)展空間。我國(guo)(guo)能成功制造(zao)的新型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)種類不斷增加，例(li)如：成品(pin)油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、化學品(pin)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海(hai)洋(yang)工(gong)(gong)程船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠洋(yang)漁船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)(da)型(xing)集(ji)裝(zhuang)箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、客滾(gun)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、滾(gun)裝(zhuang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液(ye)化石(shi)油(you)氣(qi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液(ye)化天然氣(qi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)(da)型(xing)冷(leng)藏船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、散貨船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、漁政船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、軍用船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、自卸船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)(da)艙(cang)口(kou)多用途船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、穿梭油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速無艙(cang)蓋集(ji)裝(zhuang)箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速水翼(yi)客船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海(hai)上儲油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、巨(ju)型(xing)油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和內(nei)河船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)等(deng)；另外(wai)還有與緝(ji)私(si)艇、救生艇、游艇等(deng)小型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)艦(jian)艇。

我(wo)國船(chuan)舶工業的(de)(de)(de)(de)快速發展，將進一步拉動(dong)船(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)市(shi)場(chang)需(xu)(xu)求。受(shou)船(chuan)舶工作環境(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響，船(chuan)舶上所使用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)基本都是無鹵、低煙型(xing)、耐(nai)鹽堿的(de)(de)(de)(de)特種電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)。在(zai)海(hai)上平臺作業中，縱向水(shui)(shui)密封(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)、臍帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)將會(hui)得到大(da)(da)量使用(yong)。我(wo)國整(zheng)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)船(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)行業受(shou)國內外船(chuan)舶工業的(de)(de)(de)(de)發展需(xu)(xu)求量也(ye)(ye)會(hui)大(da)(da)大(da)(da)增加(jia)；而(er)軍用(yong)艦船(chuan)、水(shui)(shui)下航行體(ti)、魚雷、水(shui)(shui)下誘餌、水(shui)(shui)下偵(zhen)察(cha)器的(de)(de)(de)(de)專用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)和(he)光纖光纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)市(shi)場(chang)需(xu)(xu)求也(ye)(ye)會(hui)大(da)(da)幅度增加(jia)。除此之外，船(chuan)舶的(de)(de)(de)(de)維修以及碼頭等相關設(she)施的(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)設(she)也(ye)(ye)會(hui)為其他(ta)常用(yong)類電(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)提供很大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)市(shi)場(chang)需(xu)(xu)求空間。