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船用電纜

中(zhong)文名

船用電纜

全    稱(cheng)

船用電力電纜

主要用途

水上(shang)建筑的(de)電(dian)力照明和一般控制用

執行標準

IEC60092-350

1簡介

船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)纜又稱船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)纜，是一種(zhong)用(yong)于(yu)河海各種(zhong)船(chuan)(chuan)舶及(ji)海上石(shi)油(you)平臺等水上建筑的電(dian)(dian)力、照明和一般控制之(zhi)用(yong)的電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜。

主要(yao)用(yong)途：應用(yong)于用(yong)于河海(hai)各種(zhong)船舶(bo)及海(hai)上石(shi)油平臺(tai)等(deng)水上建筑的電力、照明和(he)一般控制之用(yong)。

執(zhi)行(xing)標準：船用電力電纜的執(zhi)行(xing)標準：IEC60092-350，IEC60092-353或(huo)GB9331-88。

船用電力電纜主要參數有型號規格、芯(xin)數、燃燒特性、額定電壓(ya)、溫(wen)度、標稱截面積等主要參數。

2分類

從種類上分，船用(yong)電纜(lan)(lan)(lan)可分為兩(liang)類：民船用(yong)電線電纜(lan)(lan)(lan)、軍艦用(yong)電線電纜(lan)(lan)(lan)。

從用(yong)(yong)途上(shang)分，船用(yong)(yong)電纜(lan)可(ke)分為三類：船/艦(jian)用(yong)(yong)電力電纜(lan)、船/艦(jian)用(yong)(yong)控制電纜(lan)、船/艦(jian)用(yong)(yong)通(tong)訊(xun)電纜(lan)。其作用(yong)(yong)分別是：

船(chuan)用電力電纜：用于河(he)海(hai)各種(zhong)船(chuan)舶及(ji)海(hai)上石油平(ping)臺等水(shui)上建(jian)筑(zhu)的電力、照明和一(yi)般控制之用。

船用(yong)控(kong)制電纜：用(yong)于河(he)海各種船舶(bo)及(ji)海上石油平臺等(deng)水(shui)上建(jian)筑(zhu)一般控(kong)制之用(yong)。

船用通(tong)(tong)信電(dian)纜：用于(yu)各種傳(chuan)播通(tong)(tong)信、電(dian)子(zi)計(ji)算機、信息處(chu)理設備中的信號傳(chuan)輸和控制(zhi)系(xi)統。

3選擇原則

船舶(bo)電力系統中各電纜的選(xuan)擇步驟(zou)和(he)原則

1、根據電(dian)纜的(de)用途(tu)、敷設位置和工(gong)作條件選擇合適的(de)電(dian)纜型號。

2、 根據用電(dian)設(she)備的工(gong)作制(zhi)、電(dian)源種類、電(dian)纜線(xian)芯和負載電(dian)流(liu)選擇合適(shi)的電(dian)纜截面。

3、根(gen)據系(xi)統短路(lu)電流(liu)計算結果，片斷電纜的短路(lu)容量是否滿(man)足要求。

4、 根據(ju)環境溫度對電纜(lan)的額定載流(liu)量(liang)進行修(xiu)正，然后(hou)再判斷電纜(lan)的允許電流(liu)是(shi)否大于(yu)負載電流(liu)。

5、 根(gen)據成束敷設修正系數，對電(dian)纜的(de)額定載(zai)流(liu)量進行修正，然后，再判斷電(dian)纜的(de)允許電(dian)流(liu)是否大(da)于負載(zai)電(dian)流(liu)。

6、校(xiao)核線路電壓降，判斷線路電壓降是否小于規定(ding)值(zhi)。

7、根(gen)據保(bao)護(hu)裝置(zhi)的(de)(de)整定(ding)(ding)值(zhi)，判斷(duan)電纜(lan)與保(bao)護(hu)裝置(zhi)是否協(xie)調；如果(guo)不協(xie)調，判斷(duan)是否可以(yi)改變(bian)合適(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)保(bao)護(hu)裝置(zhi)或整定(ding)(ding)值(zhi)，否則應重新選擇合適(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)電纜(lan)載面。

船用電纜型號選擇

船用電纜型號(hao)的選擇應(ying)考慮下述因(yin)素：

1、電(dian)纜的用途———用于動力(li)、照(zhao)明和無線電(dian)通信等。

2、電纜敷設位(wei)置———干燥、潮濕、低溫和是(shi)否要(yao)求屏(ping)蔽等。

3、工作條件———固定敷設、穿管(guan)數設和可(ke)移動等。

4發展趨勢

根(gen)據幾年國內(nei)外船舶工業的發展(zhan)，預計未來船舶市場需(xu)求呈現出(chu)以大噸位為主，具(ju)有(you)高技術含量(liang)和高附加值等(deng)特點。

調查顯示，世界造(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)中心正在加速向(xiang)中國(guo)轉(zhuan)移(yi)。目前(qian)我國(guo)長(chang)三角(jiao)地區(qu)，依靠其黃金水道與黃金海(hai)(hai)(hai)岸(an)交(jiao)匯的地緣優勢(shi)，已(yi)經成為世界造(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)業投資(zi)轉(zhuan)移(yi)的集(ji)聚區(qu)。國(guo)際(ji)市場受(shou)外(wai)部經濟環境(jing)而影(ying)響，與前(qian)幾年(nian)相(xiang)比將有短時期的低(di)迷。但(dan)是國(guo)內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶工(gong)業將會持續興旺，受(shou)到我國(guo)海(hai)(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)開(kai)發(fa)戰(zhan)略實施(shi)的影(ying)響，國(guo)內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶工(gong)業面臨巨大(da)發(fa)展空間。我國(guo)能成功制(zhi)造(zao)的新型船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶種(zhong)類不斷(duan)增加，例如(ru)：成品油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、化學品船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海(hai)(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)工(gong)程(cheng)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠洋(yang)(yang)漁船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)型集(ji)裝(zhuang)箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、客(ke)滾船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、滾裝(zhuang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液(ye)化石(shi)油(you)氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液(ye)化天然氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)型冷藏船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、散(san)貨船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、漁政(zheng)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、軍用(yong)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、自(zi)卸船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)艙口多(duo)用(yong)途船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、穿(chuan)梭油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速無艙蓋(gai)集(ji)裝(zhuang)箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速水翼客(ke)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海(hai)(hai)(hai)上儲油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、巨型油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和內河船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶等；另外(wai)還有與緝私(si)艇、救生艇、游艇等小型船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶艦艇。

我國(guo)船(chuan)舶工業(ye)的(de)快速發展(zhan)，將(jiang)進(jin)一步(bu)拉(la)動(dong)船(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)市(shi)場需(xu)求。受(shou)(shou)船(chuan)舶工作環境的(de)影響，船(chuan)舶上(shang)所使用(yong)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)基本都是無鹵(lu)、低煙型(xing)、耐鹽堿的(de)特種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)。在海上(shang)平(ping)臺作業(ye)中(zhong)，縱向水密封電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、臍帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)將(jiang)會(hui)得(de)到大(da)(da)量使用(yong)。我國(guo)整(zheng)體的(de)船(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)行(xing)業(ye)受(shou)(shou)國(guo)內外(wai)船(chuan)舶工業(ye)的(de)發展(zhan)需(xu)求量也(ye)會(hui)大(da)(da)大(da)(da)增加；而軍用(yong)艦船(chuan)、水下(xia)航行(xing)體、魚雷(lei)、水下(xia)誘餌、水下(xia)偵察器的(de)專用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)和(he)光纖光纜(lan)市(shi)場需(xu)求也(ye)會(hui)大(da)(da)幅(fu)度增加。除此之外(wai)，船(chuan)舶的(de)維修以(yi)及(ji)碼頭等(deng)相(xiang)關設(she)施的(de)建設(she)也(ye)會(hui)為其他常用(yong)類電(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)提供很(hen)大(da)(da)的(de)市(shi)場需(xu)求空間。