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來源:行(xing)業(ye)動態 閱(yue)讀:158057 發布時(shi)間:2019-07-05
日前(qian),國網天津(jin)(jin)市(shi)電力公司提(ti)出的(de)“以電供熱(re)(re)”試(shi)點規劃,被(bei)寫入(ru)(ru)(ru)天津(jin)(jin)市(shi)政(zheng)府工(gong)作(zuo)報告(gao),預示著天津(jin)(jin)市(shi)加熱(re)(re)電纜的(de)需(xu)求量將不斷(duan)提(ti)高。“推(tui)廣(guang)電能(neng)替代工(gong)程,啟動以電供熱(re)(re)試(shi)點”被(bei)寫入(ru)(ru)(ru)天津(jin)(jin)市(shi)政(zheng)府工(gong)作(zuo)報告(gao),這標志著天津(jin)(jin)電能(neng)替代工(gong)作(zuo)已進入(ru)(ru)(ru)政(zheng)府主導(dao)、系統推(tui)進的(de)新階段。
當前電能替代(dai)技(ji)術成熟,經濟(ji)優勢明顯(xian),清潔環保已成為政府和廣(guang)大(da)用戶(hu)的共(gong)識。一直以來,北方地區冬季供(gong)熱(re)取(qu)暖(nuan)主要是采用燃(ran)煤鍋爐(lu),造成嚴重大(da)氣污染。如果采取(qu)電能替代(dai),以電能或太陽能代(dai)替燃(ran)煤蒸汽供(gong)熱(re),不(bu)但供(gong)熱(re)成本大(da)幅度(du)降低,而且不(bu)會造成環境污染。
在有(you)些專家看(kan)來,電(dian)(dian)能(neng)作為清潔能(neng)源的(de)優勢凸顯(xian),替代潛力巨大(da)。4月(yue)2日(ri),國家電(dian)(dian)網(wang)公司召開了2015年(nian)電(dian)(dian)能(neng)替代工作推進(jin)會(hui),發布(bu)了《國家電(dian)(dian)網(wang)公司2015年(nian)全(quan)面深(shen)入推進(jin)電(dian)(dian)能(neng)替代行動計劃(hua)》,提出了確保全(quan)年(nian)完成(cheng)650億千(qian)瓦(wa)時、力爭實現(xian)750億千(qian)瓦(wa)時替代電(dian)(dian)量(liang)。
據了解,今(jin)年國家電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)公司將著力(li)鞏固擴大(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)窯爐、電(dian)(dian)(dian)鍋爐、熱(re)泵等(deng)成熟(shu)項目的實施范圍,因地制(zhi)宜拓展新領域、推(tui)廣(guang)新技(ji)(ji)術,除在(zai)港口地區(qu)(qu)推(tui)廣(guang)岸(an)電(dian)(dian)(dian)替代(通過電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)將船(chuan)舶(bo)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)與岸(an)上電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)連接,在(zai)船(chuan)舶(bo)靠(kao)岸(an)期間(jian)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)陸地電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)供電(dian)(dian)(dian))外,還將對居(ju)民區(qu)(qu)、學校(xiao)等(deng)用(yong)(yong)戶推(tui)廣(guang)碳(tan)晶、電(dian)(dian)(dian)熱(re)膜(mo)、發熱(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)等(deng)技(ji)(ji)術,在(zai)企(qi)事業單(dan)位食(shi)堂推(tui)廣(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁灶、電(dian)(dian)(dian)蒸鍋,在(zai)油(you)田(tian)推(tui)廣(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動鉆機,在(zai)油(you)氣輸送(song)管(guan)線(xian)推(tui)廣(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)加壓等(deng)。
從消費端來看,各地主要通(tong)過以電(dian)代煤、以電(dian)代油(you)來促進節能減(jian)(jian)排。北京市城(cheng)六區基本(ben)取(qu)消燃煤鍋爐,農村地區新增減(jian)(jian)煤換煤120萬噸。河北省(sheng)提出大幅壓(ya)減(jian)(jian)煤炭用(yong)量,實施煤電(dian)節能減(jian)(jian)排升(sheng)級改造(zao)行(xing)動計劃(hua)。在歐美(mei)發達國(guo)家,電(dian)采(cai)(cai)暖普及率非常高,美(mei)國(guo)80%的(de)城(cheng)市實行(xing)電(dian)采(cai)(cai)暖,加拿大、德(de)國(guo)、法國(guo)等電(dian)采(cai)(cai)暖比例均在50%以上。
有專(zhuan)家分析認(ren)為,國內大力(li)開(kai)展(zhan)電(dian)能(neng)(neng)替(ti)代,能(neng)(neng)有效緩(huan)解電(dian)纜(lan)產(chan)(chan)業產(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)過剩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)帶(dai)來(lai)的(de)(de)巨大壓力(li)。國內電(dian)線電(dian)纜(lan)行業產(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)過剩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)以及(ji)設(she)備過剩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)是(shi)不(bu)爭(zheng)的(de)(de)事實,產(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)過剩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)意(yi)味著供大于求(qiu),意(yi)味著惡性(xing)競爭(zheng);而設(she)備過剩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)又反映(ying)出開(kai)工(gong)率不(bu)足。事實上,僅(jin)次于汽車(che)制造業的(de)(de)第(di)二大產(chan)(chan)業電(dian)線電(dian)纜(lan)行業在贏得“全球第(di)一”之后,卻因蜂(feng)擁而上深(shen)陷“紅海(hai)”的(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)嚴重(zhong)過剩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)之中。不(bu)足四成(cheng)的(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)開(kai)工(gong)率還不(bu)到歐美同期一半,連續萎靡的(de)(de)虧損(sun)包袱成(cheng)為不(bu)少上市公司(si)不(bu)能(neng)(neng)承(cheng)受之重(zhong),欲剝離減負。
近來(lai)研發成(cheng)功(gong)的碳纖(xian)維加熱(re)電(dian)纜,將加熱(re)電(dian)纜系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的應(ying)用推向了(le)技術創新(xin)階段。推行“以電(dian)供熱(re)”的應(ying)用,廣泛涉及千家萬(wan)戶(hu)。例如在(zai)住(zhu)宅內部,可(ke)實現墻壁、地板、空間(jian)加熱(re)。其中,僅(jin)墻壁和地板加熱(re)系(xi)統(tong)(tong),就需要大量加熱(re)電(dian)纜。此外,根據(ju)外國經驗,道路和機場融雪加熱(re),也(ye)普遍首(shou)選加熱(re)電(dian)纜系(xi)統(tong)(tong)。
電(dian)采暖(nuan)(nuan)相比燃煤(mei)采暖(nuan)(nuan)優勢比較明顯。當前(qian),國(guo)內電(dian)力(li)供(gong)需矛盾(dun)將日趨緩和(he),2006年中國(guo)電(dian)力(li)供(gong)需基本平衡(heng)。從2007年開始,一部分煤(mei)炭產地為降低煤(mei)炭運(yun)輸(shu)成本,大(da)力(li)發(fa)展火力(li)發(fa)電(dian),變煤(mei)炭運(yun)輸(shu)為電(dian)力(li)輸(shu)送,并且(qie)國(guo)家正(zheng)在大(da)力(li)發(fa)展風力(li)發(fa)電(dian)、太陽能發(fa)電(dian)、水力(li)發(fa)電(dian)、核(he)電(dian)等,電(dian)力(li)已(yi)出現冬季(ji)過剩(sheng)現象,這就為電(dian)采暖(nuan)(nuan)提供(gong)了足夠空間(jian)。
據(ju)相(xiang)關統計數(shu)字表明,我國地面輻(fu)射(she)采(cai)(cai)(cai)暖市(shi)場在(zai)2010年底已達千億元,其中技術成熟(shu)的(de)低溫熱水輻(fu)射(she)采(cai)(cai)(cai)暖和散熱片采(cai)(cai)(cai)暖占據(ju)70%以(yi)上的(de)市(shi)場份額(e)。電(dian)采(cai)(cai)(cai)暖雖處于起步(bu)階段,但也占據(ju)了(le)25%左右的(de)市(shi)場份額(e),并且保持(chi)持(chi)續上升的(de)趨(qu)勢。
如今,全(quan)國各地針對(dui)電采(cai)暖(nuan)(nuan)(nuan)紛紛出(chu)臺優惠政(zheng)策(ce),這從側(ce)面展現出(chu)了電采(cai)暖(nuan)(nuan)(nuan)的(de)(de)巨(ju)大(da)潛(qian)力,也為(wei)碳(tan)纖(xian)維發熱電纜的(de)(de)發展提(ti)供(gong)了無限的(de)(de)可能性。就目前各個集中(zhong)(zhong)供(gong)暖(nuan)(nuan)(nuan)區域推出(chu)的(de)(de)供(gong)暖(nuan)(nuan)(nuan)政(zheng)策(ce)來(lai)看,煤(mei)炭(tan)供(gong)熱的(de)(de)時代正(zheng)在(zai)(zai)成(cheng)為(wei)歷史。而新型(xing)的(de)(de)環保(bao)節能的(de)(de)采(cai)暖(nuan)(nuan)(nuan)方式正(zheng)在(zai)(zai)占領市場,其中(zhong)(zhong)電采(cai)暖(nuan)(nuan)(nuan)以其成(cheng)熟的(de)(de)行業(ye)體系(xi)和卓越的(de)(de)供(gong)暖(nuan)(nuan)(nuan)效(xiao)果正(zheng)在(zai)(zai)不斷(duan)受到重視。這為(wei)正(zheng)處于產能過剩的(de)(de)電纜產業(ye)開辟了一個新的(de)(de)市場。