熱門關鍵(jian)詞:
來源:行(xing)業動態 閱讀:158020 發(fa)布時間:2019-07-05
日前,國網天津市電(dian)力公司提(ti)出的“以電(dian)供(gong)熱(re)(re)”試點規劃,被寫入天津市政(zheng)府(fu)(fu)工作報告(gao),預示著天津市加熱(re)(re)電(dian)纜(lan)的需求量(liang)將不斷提(ti)高。“推廣電(dian)能替代(dai)工程,啟動以電(dian)供(gong)熱(re)(re)試點”被寫入天津市政(zheng)府(fu)(fu)工作報告(gao),這標志著天津電(dian)能替代(dai)工作已進入政(zheng)府(fu)(fu)主導(dao)、系統推進的新階段。
當前電能(neng)替代技術成(cheng)熟,經濟優勢(shi)明(ming)顯,清潔環(huan)保已成(cheng)為政府和廣大用戶(hu)的共識。一直(zhi)以來,北方(fang)地(di)區冬(dong)季(ji)供熱(re)取(qu)暖主要是采(cai)用燃煤(mei)鍋爐,造(zao)成(cheng)嚴(yan)重大氣污染(ran)。如果采(cai)取(qu)電能(neng)替代,以電能(neng)或太(tai)陽能(neng)代替燃煤(mei)蒸(zheng)汽供熱(re),不但供熱(re)成(cheng)本大幅度降低,而且不會(hui)造(zao)成(cheng)環(huan)境污染(ran)。
在有些專家看來(lai),電(dian)能(neng)作(zuo)為清潔能(neng)源(yuan)的優(you)勢凸顯,替代潛力巨大(da)。4月2日(ri),國(guo)家電(dian)網(wang)公(gong)司(si)召(zhao)開了2015年電(dian)能(neng)替代工作(zuo)推進(jin)會,發布了《國(guo)家電(dian)網(wang)公(gong)司(si)2015年全(quan)面(mian)深(shen)入推進(jin)電(dian)能(neng)替代行動計劃》,提出了確保全(quan)年完成650億(yi)(yi)千(qian)瓦時、力爭實現750億(yi)(yi)千(qian)瓦時替代電(dian)量。
據(ju)了解,今(jin)年國(guo)家電(dian)(dian)(dian)網公司(si)將著力鞏固擴大電(dian)(dian)(dian)窯爐、電(dian)(dian)(dian)鍋(guo)爐、熱(re)泵等(deng)(deng)成熟項目的實施范圍(wei),因地制宜拓展新領域、推(tui)廣(guang)(guang)新技術(shu),除在(zai)(zai)(zai)港(gang)口(kou)地區推(tui)廣(guang)(guang)岸電(dian)(dian)(dian)替代(通過電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜將船(chuan)舶(bo)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)與岸上電(dian)(dian)(dian)源連(lian)接,在(zai)(zai)(zai)船(chuan)舶(bo)靠岸期間采用(yong)陸(lu)地電(dian)(dian)(dian)源供電(dian)(dian)(dian))外(wai),還將對居民區、學校等(deng)(deng)用(yong)戶推(tui)廣(guang)(guang)碳晶、電(dian)(dian)(dian)熱(re)膜、發熱(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜等(deng)(deng)技術(shu),在(zai)(zai)(zai)企事業單位食(shi)堂推(tui)廣(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁灶、電(dian)(dian)(dian)蒸鍋(guo),在(zai)(zai)(zai)油(you)田推(tui)廣(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動鉆機,在(zai)(zai)(zai)油(you)氣輸送管線推(tui)廣(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力加壓(ya)等(deng)(deng)。
從消(xiao)費端(duan)來看,各(ge)地主(zhu)要通過以電代煤(mei)(mei)、以電代油(you)來促進節(jie)能減排。北京市(shi)(shi)城六區(qu)基本(ben)取消(xiao)燃煤(mei)(mei)鍋爐,農(nong)村地區(qu)新增減煤(mei)(mei)換煤(mei)(mei)120萬噸(dun)。河(he)北省提出大(da)幅壓減煤(mei)(mei)炭(tan)用量(liang),實施煤(mei)(mei)電節(jie)能減排升(sheng)級(ji)改(gai)造行動計劃(hua)。在歐美發達國(guo)(guo)家,電采暖(nuan)普及率非常高,美國(guo)(guo)80%的城市(shi)(shi)實行電采暖(nuan),加拿大(da)、德國(guo)(guo)、法國(guo)(guo)等(deng)電采暖(nuan)比(bi)例均(jun)在50%以上。
有(you)專(zhuan)家分析認為,國內大(da)力(li)(li)開(kai)展電(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)替代,能(neng)(neng)(neng)有(you)效緩解電(dian)纜(lan)產(chan)業產(chan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)過剩(sheng)(sheng)帶來的(de)(de)(de)巨大(da)壓力(li)(li)。國內電(dian)線電(dian)纜(lan)行(xing)業產(chan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)過剩(sheng)(sheng)以及設備過剩(sheng)(sheng)是(shi)不爭的(de)(de)(de)事實,產(chan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)過剩(sheng)(sheng)意(yi)味著供大(da)于求,意(yi)味著惡性(xing)競爭;而設備過剩(sheng)(sheng)又反映出開(kai)工率不足。事實上(shang),僅次于汽車(che)制造業的(de)(de)(de)第(di)二大(da)產(chan)業電(dian)線電(dian)纜(lan)行(xing)業在贏得“全球第(di)一”之(zhi)(zhi)后,卻因蜂擁(yong)而上(shang)深陷“紅海”的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)嚴重過剩(sheng)(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)中。不足四成的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)開(kai)工率還不到歐美同期一半,連續(xu)萎靡(mi)的(de)(de)(de)虧損包袱成為不少(shao)上(shang)市(shi)公司不能(neng)(neng)(neng)承受之(zhi)(zhi)重,欲剝離減負。
近來研發(fa)成(cheng)功的碳纖(xian)維加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)電(dian)纜(lan),將加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)電(dian)纜(lan)系(xi)統的應用推(tui)向了技術創新(xin)階段。推(tui)行“以電(dian)供熱(re)(re)(re)(re)”的應用,廣(guang)泛涉及千家萬戶。例如(ru)在住宅內部,可實現墻壁、地(di)(di)板、空間(jian)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)。其中,僅墻壁和地(di)(di)板加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)系(xi)統,就需要大量加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)電(dian)纜(lan)。此外,根據外國經驗,道路和機場(chang)融雪加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re),也普遍首選加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)電(dian)纜(lan)系(xi)統。
電(dian)(dian)(dian)采暖相比(bi)(bi)燃煤(mei)(mei)(mei)采暖優勢比(bi)(bi)較明顯。當前,國(guo)內電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)供需矛盾將日(ri)趨緩和,2006年中國(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)供需基本(ben)(ben)平衡(heng)。從2007年開始,一部分(fen)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)炭(tan)產地(di)為(wei)降低煤(mei)(mei)(mei)炭(tan)運(yun)(yun)輸成本(ben)(ben),大力(li)(li)(li)(li)發(fa)展(zhan)火力(li)(li)(li)(li)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian),變煤(mei)(mei)(mei)炭(tan)運(yun)(yun)輸為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)輸送,并(bing)且(qie)國(guo)家正在大力(li)(li)(li)(li)發(fa)展(zhan)風力(li)(li)(li)(li)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)、太陽能發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)、水力(li)(li)(li)(li)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)、核電(dian)(dian)(dian)等,電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)已(yi)出現冬(dong)季過(guo)剩現象,這就為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)采暖提供了足(zu)夠空間。
據(ju)相(xiang)關統計數字表明,我國地面輻射(she)采(cai)(cai)(cai)暖(nuan)市(shi)場(chang)在(zai)2010年底已達千億元,其中技術成熟(shu)的低(di)溫熱水輻射(she)采(cai)(cai)(cai)暖(nuan)和散熱片采(cai)(cai)(cai)暖(nuan)占據(ju)70%以上的市(shi)場(chang)份(fen)額(e)。電采(cai)(cai)(cai)暖(nuan)雖(sui)處于(yu)起步階段,但也占據(ju)了(le)25%左右的市(shi)場(chang)份(fen)額(e),并且保持持續上升的趨(qu)勢。
如(ru)今,全(quan)國各地針對電(dian)(dian)采(cai)暖(nuan)(nuan)(nuan)紛紛出(chu)臺優惠(hui)政策(ce),這從側面展(zhan)現出(chu)了(le)電(dian)(dian)采(cai)暖(nuan)(nuan)(nuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)巨大潛(qian)力(li),也為碳(tan)纖維發(fa)熱(re)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)提供(gong)(gong)(gong)了(le)無(wu)限的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可能性(xing)。就目前各個(ge)集(ji)中供(gong)(gong)(gong)暖(nuan)(nuan)(nuan)區域推出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)(gong)暖(nuan)(nuan)(nuan)政策(ce)來(lai)看,煤炭供(gong)(gong)(gong)熱(re)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)代正(zheng)在(zai)成(cheng)為歷史(shi)。而新型的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環保節能的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)采(cai)暖(nuan)(nuan)(nuan)方式正(zheng)在(zai)占領市場,其中電(dian)(dian)采(cai)暖(nuan)(nuan)(nuan)以其成(cheng)熟的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)行業體(ti)系和卓(zhuo)越的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)(gong)暖(nuan)(nuan)(nuan)效果正(zheng)在(zai)不斷受到(dao)重視。這為正(zheng)處于產能過剩的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)產業開辟了(le)一個(ge)新的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)市場。