国产精品成人网站/两攻一受3p双龙h调教/玩弄人妻少妇500系列/人妻换人妻仑乱/国产成人一区二区三区别

電力電纜

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)是用(yong)于傳輸(shu)和(he)分(fen)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)常用(yong)于城市地下電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網、發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站引出線(xian)路、工礦企業(ye)內部(bu)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)及(ji)過江(jiang)海水(shui)下輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)。在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)線(xian)路中，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)所占比重正逐漸(jian)增(zeng)加(jia)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)是在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)系(xi)統(tong)的(de)主干線(xian)路中用(yong)以(yi)(yi)傳輸(shu)和(he)分(fen)配大功率電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)產品(pin)，包括1-500KV以(yi)(yi)及(ji)以(yi)(yi)上各(ge)種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓等級，各(ge)種絕緣(yuan)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)。

中文名

電力電纜

基本簡介

電力電纜的使用至今已(yi)有(you)百年(nian)

主要(yao)分類

分類：按電壓(ya)等(deng)級分

簡介：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)的使用(yong)至今(jin)已有百余年(nian)(nian)(nian)歷史。1879年(nian)(nian)(nian)，美國發(fa)明家T.A.愛(ai)迪生在(zai)銅棒上(shang)包繞黃麻并將其穿入鐵(tie)管內，然后填充瀝(li)青混(hun)合物制(zhi)(zhi)成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)。他將此電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)敷設(she)(she)于紐約，開創(chuang)了(le)(le)(le)地下輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。次(ci)年(nian)(nian)(nian)，英國人(ren)卡倫德發(fa)明瀝(li)青浸(jin)漬紙絕(jue)(jue)緣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)。1889年(nian)(nian)(nian)，英國人(ren)S.Z.費(fei)蘭(lan)梯在(zai)倫敦與德特(te)(te)福德之間敷設(she)(she)了(le)(le)(le)10千(qian)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)油(you)浸(jin)紙絕(jue)(jue)緣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)。1908年(nian)(nian)(nian)，英國建成(cheng)20千(qian)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)網。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)得到越來越廣(guang)的應(ying)用(yong)。1911年(nian)(nian)(nian)，德國敷設(she)(she)成(cheng)60千(qian)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)，開始了(le)(le)(le)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)的發(fa)展(zhan)。1913年(nian)(nian)(nian)，德國人(ren)M.霍希(xi)施泰特(te)(te)研制(zhi)(zhi)成(cheng)分相屏蔽電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan),改善(shan)了(le)(le)(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)內部電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場分布,消除了(le)(le)(le)絕(jue)(jue)緣表面(mian)的正切應(ying)力，成(cheng)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)發(fa)展(zhan)中的里程碑。1952年(nian)(nian)(nian)，瑞典(dian)在(zai)北部發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠(chang)敷設(she)(she)了(le)(le)(le)380千(qian)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)超高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan),實現了(le)(le)(le)超高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)的應(ying)用(yong)。到80年(nian)(nian)(nian)代已制(zhi)(zhi)成(cheng)1100千(qian)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)、1200千(qian)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)的特(te)(te)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)。

分類：按電壓等級分

按(an)(an)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)等(deng)級可分(fen)為(wei)中、低壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜（35千伏(fu)及以下）、高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(110千伏(fu)以上)、超高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜（275～800千伏(fu)）以及特高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜（1000千伏(fu)及以上）。此外，還可按(an)(an)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)制分(fen)為(wei)交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜和直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜。

按絕緣材料(liao)分

1、油浸(jin)紙絕(jue)(jue)緣電力電纜(lan)(lan)以(yi)油浸(jin)紙作絕(jue)(jue)緣的(de)電力電纜(lan)(lan)。其(qi)應用(yong)歷史最長。它安(an)全可靠，使用(yong)壽命長，價(jia)格(ge)低(di)廉。主要缺點(dian)是敷(fu)設(she)受落差限(xian)制。自從開發出(chu)不滴(di)流浸(jin)紙絕(jue)(jue)緣后，解決了落差限(xian)制問題，使油浸(jin)紙絕(jue)(jue)緣電纜(lan)(lan)得(de)以(yi)繼續廣泛應用(yong)。

2、塑(su)料(liao)(liao)絕緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan) 　絕緣(yuan)層為擠壓塑(su)料(liao)(liao)的電(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)。常用(yong)(yong)的塑(su)料(liao)(liao)有聚氯(lv)乙(yi)烯、聚乙(yi)烯、交聯聚乙(yi)烯。塑(su)料(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)結構簡(jian)單(dan),制造加工方便(bian)，重(zhong)量輕，敷設安裝方便(bian),不受敷設落差限制。因此廣泛應(ying)用(yong)(yong)作中低壓電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)，并有取代粘性浸漬(zi)油紙電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的趨勢。其最大缺點是存在樹枝化擊(ji)穿現(xian)象，這限制了(le)它在更(geng)高電(dian)(dian)壓的使(shi)用(yong)(yong)。

3、橡皮絕緣電(dian)力電(dian)纜　絕緣層為橡膠加上(shang)各種(zhong)配合劑，經過充分混(hun)煉(lian)后擠包在導電(dian)線芯(xin)上(shang)，經過加溫硫化而成。它(ta)柔軟，富有彈(dan)性，適合于移動頻繁(fan)、敷設彎曲半徑小的場(chang)合。

常用作絕緣的(de)膠(jiao)(jiao)料有天然膠(jiao)(jiao)-丁苯膠(jiao)(jiao)混(hun)合物(wu)，乙丙膠(jiao)(jiao)、丁基膠(jiao)(jiao)等。

按電壓等級分

1、低壓電(dian)(dian)纜：適用于固定敷設在(zai)交(jiao)流50Hz，額定電(dian)(dian)壓3kv及以下的輸配電(dian)(dian)線路上作輸送電(dian)(dian)能用。

2、中(zhong)低壓電纜(lan)：（一般指35KV及(ji)以(yi)下(xia)）：聚(ju)氯乙烯(xi)絕緣(yuan)電纜(lan)，聚(ju)乙烯(xi)絕緣(yuan)電纜(lan)，交聯聚(ju)乙烯(xi)絕緣(yuan)電纜(lan)等(deng)。

3、高壓電(dian)纜：（一般為110KV及以上）：聚乙烯(xi)電(dian)纜和交聯聚乙烯(xi)絕緣電(dian)纜等。

4、超高壓電(dian)纜：（275～800千伏）。

5、特高壓電纜：（1000千伏及(ji)以上）。

基本結(jie)構：電(dian)力電(dian)纜的(de)基本結(jie)構由線芯（導體）、絕(jue)緣層、屏(ping)蔽層和保護層四部分組成。

1.線(xian)芯是電力電纜的(de)導電部分，用(yong)來輸(shu)送(song)電能，是電力電纜的(de)主要部分。

2.絕緣層是將線芯與(yu)大地以及不同相的(de)線芯間在(zai)電氣上(shang)彼此隔離，保證電能輸送，是電力電纜結構中不可缺(que)少的(de)組成(cheng)部分。

3.15KV及以上的(de)電力(li)電纜一(yi)般都有(you)導體(ti)屏蔽(bi)層和絕緣屏蔽(bi)層。

4.保(bao)護層的作用是保(bao)護電(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)免(mian)受外界雜質和水分(fen)的侵入，以及防止外力(li)直接損壞(huai)電(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)。

主(zhu)要(yao)優點：

1占地少(shao)。一(yi)般埋設于(yu)(yu)土壤(rang)中(zhong)或敷(fu)設于(yu)(yu)室內，溝道，隧(sui)道中(zhong)，線間絕緣距(ju)離小，不用桿塔，占地少(shao)，基本不占地面上空間。

2可靠性(xing)高。受氣候條件和(he)周(zhou)圍環境(jing)影響小(xiao)，傳輸(shu)性(xing)能穩定(ding)，可靠性(xing)高。

3具有(you)向超高壓，大容量發展的(de)更為(wei)有(you)利的(de)條件，如(ru)低溫，超導電力電纜(lan)等。

4分布電容較大。

5維護工作量少。

6電擊可能性小。

型號說明(ming)

電力電纜的型號

1.用漢(han)語拼音第一個字母的(de)大寫表(biao)(biao)示絕緣(yuan)種類、導體材(cai)料、內護層材(cai)料和結構(gou)特點。如用Z代表(biao)(biao)紙（zhi）；L代表(biao)(biao)鋁（lv）；Q代表(biao)(biao)鉛（qian）；F代表(biao)(biao)分相（fen）；ZR代表(biao)(biao)阻燃（zuran）；NH代表(biao)(biao)耐火（naihuo）。

2.用數(shu)(shu)字表示(shi)外護層構成，有(you)二位(wei)數(shu)(shu)字。無數(shu)(shu)字代(dai)表無鎧(kai)(kai)裝層，無外被(bei)層。第一位(wei)數(shu)(shu)字表示(shi)鎧(kai)(kai)裝，第二位(wei)數(shu)(shu)字表示(shi)外被(bei)，如粗鋼絲(si)鎧(kai)(kai)裝纖維外被(bei)表示(shi)為41。

3.電(dian)纜(lan)型號按電(dian)纜(lan)結構的排列一(yi)般依次序(xu)為：絕緣材(cai)料(liao)；導體(ti)材(cai)料(liao)；內護層；外護層。

4.電纜產(chan)品用型號、額(e)(e)定(ding)電壓(ya)和(he)規(gui)格表示(shi)。其(qi)方法是在型號后再加上(shang)說明額(e)(e)定(ding)電壓(ya)、芯數(shu)和(he)標(biao)稱截(jie)面(mian)積的。

型號詳細說明

（1）類(lei)別：H——市內通信電纜(lan)HP——配線電纜(lan)HJ——局用電纜(lan)

（2）絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)：Y——聚乙烯絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)YF——泡沫(mo)聚烯烴絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)YP——泡沫(mo)/實(shi)心皮聚烯烴絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)

（3）內護層：A——涂塑(su)鋁(lv)(lv)帶(dai)粘接屏蔽(bi)聚(ju)乙(yi)烯護套S——鋁(lv)(lv)，鋼雙層金屬帶(dai)屏蔽(bi)聚(ju)乙(yi)烯護套      V——聚(ju)氯乙(yi)烯護套

（4）特征(zheng)：T——石油膏填充G——高(gao)頻隔離C——自(zi)承式

（5）外(wai)護層(ceng)：23——雙層(ceng)防(fang)腐鋼帶繞包銷裝聚(ju)乙烯外(wai)被層(ceng)

33——單層細鋼絲鎧裝(zhuang)聚乙烯(xi)被層

43——單層(ceng)粗鋼(gang)絲鎧裝聚(ju)乙烯(xi)被層(ceng)

53——單層鋼帶(dai)皺紋(wen)縱(zong)包鎧裝聚乙(yi)烯外被層

553——雙層鋼帶皺紋縱包鎧(kai)裝聚乙烯外(wai)被層

2） BV 銅芯聚(ju)氯乙烯絕緣電(dian)線；BLV 鋁芯聚(ju)氯乙烯絕緣電(dian)線；

BVV 銅芯聚(ju)氯乙(yi)烯(xi)絕(jue)緣(yuan)聚(ju)氯乙(yi)烯(xi)護套電線；BLVV 鋁(lv)芯聚(ju)氯乙(yi)烯(xi)絕(jue)緣(yuan)聚(ju)氯乙(yi)烯(xi)護套電線；

BVR 銅芯聚氯乙烯(xi)(xi)絕(jue)緣(yuan)軟(ruan)(ruan)線；RV 銅芯聚氯乙烯(xi)(xi)絕(jue)緣(yuan)安裝軟(ruan)(ruan)線；

RVB 銅芯聚氯(lv)乙烯(xi)絕(jue)緣平型連(lian)接線軟線；BVS 銅芯聚氯(lv)乙烯(xi)絕(jue)緣絞型軟線；

RVV 銅(tong)芯(xin)聚氯乙烯絕緣聚氯乙烯護套(tao)軟線(xian)；BYR 聚乙烯絕緣軟電線(xian)；

BYVR 聚(ju)(ju)乙烯(xi)絕(jue)緣聚(ju)(ju)氯(lv)乙烯(xi)護(hu)套軟線(xian)；RY 聚(ju)(ju)乙烯(xi)絕(jue)緣軟線(xian)；

RYV 聚(ju)乙(yi)烯絕緣聚(ju)氯乙(yi)烯護套軟線

3）WD：無鹵低煙型ZR: 阻燃型NH：耐(nai)火(huo)型DH：防火(huo)型