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來源:行業動態 閱讀:158337 發布(bu)時間:2019-07-05
日前,國網天(tian)津(jin)(jin)(jin)市(shi)電(dian)力公(gong)司提出(chu)的(de)“以電(dian)供熱(re)”試(shi)點(dian)規劃,被寫入(ru)天(tian)津(jin)(jin)(jin)市(shi)政府(fu)工作報告,預示(shi)著天(tian)津(jin)(jin)(jin)市(shi)加(jia)熱(re)電(dian)纜(lan)的(de)需求量將(jiang)不斷提高(gao)。“推(tui)廣(guang)電(dian)能替代工程,啟動以電(dian)供熱(re)試(shi)點(dian)”被寫入(ru)天(tian)津(jin)(jin)(jin)市(shi)政府(fu)工作報告,這標志(zhi)著天(tian)津(jin)(jin)(jin)電(dian)能替代工作已進(jin)入(ru)政府(fu)主導(dao)、系統(tong)推(tui)進(jin)的(de)新階(jie)段。
當前電能替(ti)代(dai)技(ji)術成(cheng)(cheng)熟,經濟優勢明顯,清潔環保已成(cheng)(cheng)為政府和廣大用戶(hu)的(de)共識。一直(zhi)以(yi)來,北方地(di)區冬季供(gong)熱取(qu)暖(nuan)主(zhu)要是(shi)采(cai)(cai)用燃煤鍋爐(lu),造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)嚴(yan)重(zhong)大氣(qi)污(wu)染。如(ru)果采(cai)(cai)取(qu)電能替(ti)代(dai),以(yi)電能或太陽能代(dai)替(ti)燃煤蒸汽供(gong)熱,不但供(gong)熱成(cheng)(cheng)本大幅(fu)度降低,而(er)且不會造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)環境污(wu)染。
在(zai)有些(xie)專家(jia)看來,電(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)作為清潔能(neng)(neng)(neng)源的優勢凸顯,替代潛力(li)巨大。4月2日(ri),國家(jia)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)公(gong)司召開了(le)(le)2015年電(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)替代工作推進(jin)會,發布了(le)(le)《國家(jia)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)公(gong)司2015年全面深入(ru)推進(jin)電(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)替代行動計劃(hua)》,提出了(le)(le)確保全年完(wan)成650億千瓦時、力(li)爭(zheng)實(shi)現(xian)750億千瓦時替代電(dian)(dian)量。
據了解(jie),今年國家(jia)電(dian)(dian)網公司將(jiang)著力鞏固擴大電(dian)(dian)窯爐、電(dian)(dian)鍋爐、熱(re)泵等成熟項目的(de)實施(shi)范圍,因地(di)制宜拓展(zhan)新領(ling)域、推廣(guang)(guang)新技(ji)術(shu),除在(zai)港口地(di)區推廣(guang)(guang)岸電(dian)(dian)替代(通過電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)將(jiang)船舶用(yong)電(dian)(dian)與岸上電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)連接(jie),在(zai)船舶靠岸期(qi)間采用(yong)陸地(di)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)供電(dian)(dian))外,還將(jiang)對居民區、學校(xiao)等用(yong)戶推廣(guang)(guang)碳晶、電(dian)(dian)熱(re)膜、發熱(re)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)等技(ji)術(shu),在(zai)企事業(ye)單位食堂推廣(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)磁灶、電(dian)(dian)蒸鍋,在(zai)油田推廣(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)鉆機,在(zai)油氣輸送管線推廣(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)力加壓等。
從消費端來看,各地(di)主要通(tong)過以電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)代(dai)煤(mei)、以電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)代(dai)油(you)來促進(jin)節能減排。北京市城六區(qu)基本取消燃煤(mei)鍋爐,農村地(di)區(qu)新增(zeng)減煤(mei)換煤(mei)120萬噸。河(he)北省提出大(da)幅(fu)壓減煤(mei)炭用量,實(shi)施煤(mei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)節能減排升級改造行動計劃(hua)。在(zai)歐美發(fa)達國家(jia),電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)采暖普及(ji)率非常高,美國80%的城市實(shi)行電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)采暖,加拿大(da)、德國、法國等電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)采暖比(bi)例(li)均在(zai)50%以上。
有(you)專家分析認(ren)為(wei),國內大(da)力(li)開(kai)展電(dian)能(neng)(neng)替代,能(neng)(neng)有(you)效緩解電(dian)纜產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)過(guo)(guo)剩(sheng)(sheng)帶來(lai)的巨大(da)壓力(li)。國內電(dian)線(xian)電(dian)纜行(xing)業(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)過(guo)(guo)剩(sheng)(sheng)以及(ji)設備(bei)過(guo)(guo)剩(sheng)(sheng)是(shi)不(bu)爭的事實(shi),產(chan)(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)過(guo)(guo)剩(sheng)(sheng)意(yi)味著供大(da)于求,意(yi)味著惡性競爭;而(er)設備(bei)過(guo)(guo)剩(sheng)(sheng)又反映出開(kai)工率(lv)不(bu)足。事實(shi)上,僅次于汽車制造業(ye)的第二大(da)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)電(dian)線(xian)電(dian)纜行(xing)業(ye)在(zai)贏得“全(quan)球第一”之后,卻因蜂擁而(er)上深陷“紅海”的產(chan)(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)嚴重(zhong)(zhong)過(guo)(guo)剩(sheng)(sheng)之中。不(bu)足四成的產(chan)(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)開(kai)工率(lv)還不(bu)到歐美同(tong)期一半,連續萎靡的虧損包(bao)袱成為(wei)不(bu)少上市(shi)公司不(bu)能(neng)(neng)承受之重(zhong)(zhong),欲(yu)剝離減負。
近來研發成(cheng)功的碳(tan)纖維加(jia)熱(re)電(dian)纜,將加(jia)熱(re)電(dian)纜系統的應用推向了(le)技術創新(xin)階段。推行“以電(dian)供(gong)熱(re)”的應用,廣泛涉及千(qian)家萬戶。例如在住宅內部,可實現墻(qiang)壁、地板、空間加(jia)熱(re)。其(qi)中,僅(jin)墻(qiang)壁和地板加(jia)熱(re)系統,就需要大量(liang)加(jia)熱(re)電(dian)纜。此外,根據外國經驗,道路(lu)和機場融雪(xue)加(jia)熱(re),也普(pu)遍首選加(jia)熱(re)電(dian)纜系統。
電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)采暖(nuan)相(xiang)比燃煤(mei)采暖(nuan)優勢比較明顯(xian)。當前,國(guo)內(nei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)供需矛盾(dun)將日趨緩和,2006年(nian)中(zhong)國(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)供需基本平衡。從2007年(nian)開始,一(yi)部分煤(mei)炭(tan)產(chan)地(di)為(wei)降低(di)煤(mei)炭(tan)運輸成本,大力(li)發(fa)展火力(li)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),變煤(mei)炭(tan)運輸為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)輸送,并且國(guo)家(jia)正在大力(li)發(fa)展風力(li)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、太陽能(neng)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、水力(li)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、核電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)等,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)已出(chu)現(xian)冬季過剩現(xian)象,這(zhe)就為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)采暖(nuan)提供了足夠(gou)空間。
據相關統(tong)計(ji)數字表明,我國地面(mian)輻射采暖(nuan)市(shi)場(chang)在2010年(nian)底已(yi)達千億(yi)元(yuan),其中技術成熟的(de)低溫熱(re)水輻射采暖(nuan)和散熱(re)片采暖(nuan)占(zhan)據70%以上(shang)的(de)市(shi)場(chang)份(fen)額。電采暖(nuan)雖(sui)處(chu)于起步階段,但(dan)也占(zhan)據了25%左右的(de)市(shi)場(chang)份(fen)額,并且保持(chi)持(chi)續上(shang)升的(de)趨(qu)勢。
如今(jin),全(quan)國各地針對電(dian)(dian)采(cai)暖紛(fen)紛(fen)出(chu)臺優惠政策(ce)(ce),這從(cong)側面展(zhan)現出(chu)了(le)電(dian)(dian)采(cai)暖的(de)(de)巨大潛力,也為(wei)碳纖維(wei)發(fa)熱電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)提供(gong)了(le)無限的(de)(de)可能性。就目前各個(ge)集中供(gong)暖區域推出(chu)的(de)(de)供(gong)暖政策(ce)(ce)來看,煤炭供(gong)熱的(de)(de)時代正(zheng)(zheng)在成(cheng)為(wei)歷史。而新型的(de)(de)環保節能的(de)(de)采(cai)暖方(fang)式正(zheng)(zheng)在占領市場,其(qi)中電(dian)(dian)采(cai)暖以(yi)其(qi)成(cheng)熟的(de)(de)行業(ye)體系和卓越的(de)(de)供(gong)暖效果(guo)正(zheng)(zheng)在不斷受(shou)到(dao)重視。這為(wei)正(zheng)(zheng)處于產(chan)能過(guo)剩的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)產(chan)業(ye)開(kai)辟(pi)了(le)一(yi)個(ge)新的(de)(de)市場。