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船用電纜

中文名

船用電纜

全    稱

船用電力電纜

主要用途

水上(shang)建筑的電力(li)照明和一般控(kong)制用

執行標準

IEC60092-350

1簡介

船用(yong)電(dian)纜又(you)稱船用(yong)電(dian)力(li)電(dian)纜，是一(yi)種用(yong)于河海(hai)各種船舶及海(hai)上石油平臺等水上建筑的電(dian)力(li)、照明和一(yi)般控制(zhi)之(zhi)用(yong)的電(dian)線(xian)電(dian)纜。

主要用(yong)(yong)途(tu)：應用(yong)(yong)于(yu)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)河(he)海(hai)各(ge)種船舶及海(hai)上(shang)石油平臺等(deng)水上(shang)建筑的電力、照明(ming)和一般(ban)控制之(zhi)用(yong)(yong)。

執行標準(zhun)：船用(yong)電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)纜的執行標準(zhun)：IEC60092-350，IEC60092-353或GB9331-88。

船用電力電纜(lan)主要參數(shu)有(you)型號規格、芯數(shu)、燃(ran)燒特性、額(e)定電壓(ya)、溫(wen)度、標稱截面積等主要參數(shu)。

2分類

從(cong)種(zhong)類上分(fen)(fen)，船用電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)可(ke)分(fen)(fen)為兩(liang)類：民船用電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、軍艦用電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)。

從用(yong)(yong)(yong)途上(shang)分，船(chuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)可分為(wei)三類：船(chuan)/艦用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)、船(chuan)/艦用(yong)(yong)(yong)控制電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)、船(chuan)/艦用(yong)(yong)(yong)通訊電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)。其作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)分別是：

船用(yong)(yong)電力(li)電纜：用(yong)(yong)于(yu)河海各種船舶及海上石油平臺(tai)等水上建筑的電力(li)、照明和一般控制(zhi)之用(yong)(yong)。

船(chuan)用(yong)控制(zhi)電(dian)纜：用(yong)于(yu)河(he)海各(ge)種(zhong)船(chuan)舶(bo)及海上石油平臺等水上建筑一般控制(zhi)之用(yong)。

船用通(tong)信電纜：用于各種(zhong)傳播通(tong)信、電子計算機、信息處理(li)設(she)備中的信號傳輸和控制系統。

3選擇原則

船舶電力(li)系統中各電纜(lan)的選(xuan)擇步驟(zou)和原則

1、根據電(dian)纜(lan)的用途、敷(fu)設(she)位(wei)置和工作條件選(xuan)擇合適的電(dian)纜(lan)型號(hao)。

2、 根據(ju)用電(dian)(dian)設備(bei)的工(gong)作制、電(dian)(dian)源種類、電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)線芯和負(fu)載電(dian)(dian)流選擇合適的電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)截面(mian)。

3、根(gen)據系統(tong)短路電流計(ji)算結果，片(pian)斷(duan)電纜(lan)的短路容量是否滿足要求(qiu)。

4、 根據環境溫度對電(dian)纜(lan)的額定載流(liu)量進(jin)行修正，然后再判斷電(dian)纜(lan)的允許(xu)電(dian)流(liu)是否(fou)大于負載電(dian)流(liu)。

5、 根據成(cheng)束(shu)敷設修正系數，對(dui)電(dian)纜的額(e)定(ding)載流量進(jin)行修正，然后，再判斷(duan)電(dian)纜的允許(xu)電(dian)流是否大(da)于負載電(dian)流。

6、校核(he)線路(lu)電(dian)壓(ya)降(jiang)，判斷線路(lu)電(dian)壓(ya)降(jiang)是否小(xiao)于規定值。

7、根據保護(hu)(hu)裝置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)整定值，判斷(duan)電(dian)纜(lan)與(yu)保護(hu)(hu)裝置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)否協調；如果不協調，判斷(duan)是(shi)否可以改變合適的(de)保護(hu)(hu)裝置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)或整定值，否則(ze)應重新選擇合適的(de)電(dian)纜(lan)載面。

船用電纜型號選擇

船(chuan)用(yong)電纜型(xing)號的選擇應考慮下述因素：

1、電纜(lan)的(de)用途———用于動力、照明和無線電通信等。

2、電纜(lan)敷設位置———干燥、潮濕(shi)、低溫和是否要求屏蔽等。

3、工作條(tiao)件———固定敷設(she)、穿管數(shu)設(she)和可移動等。

4發展趨勢

根(gen)據幾年國內外船舶工業的(de)發展，預計未(wei)來船舶市場需求(qiu)呈(cheng)現出(chu)以大噸位為主，具有高(gao)技(ji)術含(han)量和高(gao)附加值等特點。

調(diao)查顯(xian)示(shi)，世(shi)界(jie)造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)中心正在(zai)加(jia)速向中國(guo)(guo)(guo)轉移(yi)。目前(qian)我國(guo)(guo)(guo)長(chang)三角地區，依靠其黃(huang)金水(shui)道(dao)與(yu)黃(huang)金海岸交匯的(de)地緣優勢，已經(jing)成(cheng)為世(shi)界(jie)造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)業投資轉移(yi)的(de)集(ji)聚區。國(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)市(shi)場受(shou)外部經(jing)濟環境而影(ying)響，與(yu)前(qian)幾年相比將(jiang)有短時(shi)期的(de)低迷。但是國(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工業將(jiang)會持(chi)續興(xing)旺，受(shou)到(dao)我國(guo)(guo)(guo)海洋(yang)開發戰略實施的(de)影(ying)響，國(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工業面臨巨(ju)大(da)發展空間。我國(guo)(guo)(guo)能成(cheng)功制(zhi)造的(de)新型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)種類不斷增(zeng)加(jia)，例如(ru)：成(cheng)品油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、化學品船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海洋(yang)工程船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠(yuan)洋(yang)漁(yu)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)型(xing)集(ji)裝箱(xiang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、客滾(gun)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、滾(gun)裝船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化石油氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化天(tian)然(ran)氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)型(xing)冷藏船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、散貨船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、漁(yu)政船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、軍用船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、自(zi)卸船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)艙口(kou)多用途船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、穿梭油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高(gao)速無艙蓋集(ji)裝箱(xiang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高(gao)速水(shui)翼(yi)客船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海上(shang)儲(chu)油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、巨(ju)型(xing)油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和內(nei)河船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)等；另外還有與(yu)緝私艇、救生艇、游(you)艇等小(xiao)型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)艦艇。

我國船(chuan)(chuan)舶工業(ye)(ye)(ye)的快速發展，將進一步拉動(dong)船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)纜(lan)的市場需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)。受(shou)船(chuan)(chuan)舶工作環(huan)境(jing)的影(ying)響，船(chuan)(chuan)舶上所(suo)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)的電(dian)纜(lan)基本都是無鹵、低(di)煙(yan)型(xing)、耐鹽堿(jian)的特種電(dian)纜(lan)。在海上平臺作業(ye)(ye)(ye)中，縱向水(shui)密封電(dian)纜(lan)、臍帶電(dian)纜(lan)將會得到大(da)(da)量使用(yong)(yong)(yong)。我國整體的船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)纜(lan)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)受(shou)國內(nei)外船(chuan)(chuan)舶工業(ye)(ye)(ye)的發展需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)量也(ye)會大(da)(da)大(da)(da)增加(jia)；而(er)軍用(yong)(yong)(yong)艦船(chuan)(chuan)、水(shui)下航行(xing)體、魚(yu)雷(lei)、水(shui)下誘餌、水(shui)下偵察器的專用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)線(xian)電(dian)纜(lan)和(he)光(guang)(guang)纖光(guang)(guang)纜(lan)市場需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)也(ye)會大(da)(da)幅度增加(jia)。除(chu)此之外，船(chuan)(chuan)舶的維(wei)修以及(ji)碼頭等(deng)相(xiang)關設施的建設也(ye)會為其(qi)他(ta)常用(yong)(yong)(yong)類電(dian)線(xian)電(dian)纜(lan)提供很(hen)大(da)(da)的市場需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)空(kong)間。