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船用電纜

中文名

船用電纜

全    稱

船用電力電纜

主要用途

水(shui)上建筑的電力照明和(he)一般控制(zhi)用

執行標準

IEC60092-350

1簡介

船(chuan)用電(dian)纜(lan)又稱船(chuan)用電(dian)力(li)電(dian)纜(lan)，是一種(zhong)用于河海各種(zhong)船(chuan)舶及海上石油(you)平(ping)臺(tai)等水上建筑的電(dian)力(li)、照明和一般控制之用的電(dian)線(xian)電(dian)纜(lan)。

主要(yao)用(yong)途：應用(yong)于(yu)(yu)用(yong)于(yu)(yu)河海各種船(chuan)舶及海上(shang)石(shi)油平臺等水上(shang)建筑的電(dian)力、照明和一般(ban)控制之用(yong)。

執(zhi)行標準(zhun)：船用(yong)電力電纜的執(zhi)行標準(zhun)：IEC60092-350，IEC60092-353或GB9331-88。

船用電力電纜主(zhu)要(yao)參數(shu)有(you)型號規格、芯數(shu)、燃燒特性、額定電壓(ya)、溫(wen)度、標稱截面積等主(zhu)要(yao)參數(shu)。

2分類

從種類(lei)上分，船用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)可分為兩類(lei)：民船用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)、軍艦(jian)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)。

從用(yong)(yong)(yong)途上(shang)分(fen)，船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電纜(lan)可分(fen)為三類(lei)：船(chuan)(chuan)/艦(jian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電力電纜(lan)、船(chuan)(chuan)/艦(jian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)控制電纜(lan)、船(chuan)(chuan)/艦(jian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)通(tong)訊電纜(lan)。其作用(yong)(yong)(yong)分(fen)別是：

船用電(dian)力電(dian)纜：用于(yu)河海各種(zhong)船舶(bo)及(ji)海上(shang)石(shi)油平臺等水上(shang)建(jian)筑(zhu)的(de)電(dian)力、照明和一般控制之用。

船用控制電纜(lan)：用于河海(hai)各種船舶及海(hai)上(shang)(shang)石油平臺等水上(shang)(shang)建筑一般控制之用。

船用(yong)通信(xin)(xin)電纜：用(yong)于(yu)各種(zhong)傳(chuan)播通信(xin)(xin)、電子(zi)計算(suan)機、信(xin)(xin)息處理設備中的信(xin)(xin)號傳(chuan)輸和控制系統。

3選擇原則

船舶電力系統中(zhong)各(ge)電纜的(de)選(xuan)擇步驟和原則

1、根(gen)據電纜的用(yong)途、敷設位置和工作條件選(xuan)擇(ze)合(he)適的電纜型號(hao)。

2、 根據用電設備(bei)的工作制(zhi)、電源種類、電纜線(xian)芯和(he)負載電流(liu)選擇合(he)適的電纜截面(mian)。

3、根據系統短(duan)路(lu)電流(liu)計(ji)算結果，片斷電纜(lan)的(de)短(duan)路(lu)容量是(shi)否(fou)滿足(zu)要求。

4、 根據環境溫度對電(dian)纜(lan)的(de)額定載流(liu)(liu)量進行修正，然后再判斷(duan)電(dian)纜(lan)的(de)允許電(dian)流(liu)(liu)是否(fou)大于負載電(dian)流(liu)(liu)。

5、 根據成束敷(fu)設修正系數(shu)，對(dui)電(dian)纜的額(e)定載流(liu)量進行修正，然(ran)后，再判斷電(dian)纜的允(yun)許電(dian)流(liu)是(shi)否大(da)于(yu)負載電(dian)流(liu)。

6、校核線路(lu)(lu)電壓降，判斷線路(lu)(lu)電壓降是(shi)否小(xiao)于規(gui)定值。

7、根據保(bao)護裝(zhuang)置(zhi)的整(zheng)(zheng)定值，判(pan)斷電纜與保(bao)護裝(zhuang)置(zhi)是否(fou)協調(diao)；如(ru)果不協調(diao)，判(pan)斷是否(fou)可以(yi)改變合(he)適(shi)(shi)的保(bao)護裝(zhuang)置(zhi)或(huo)整(zheng)(zheng)定值，否(fou)則應重新選擇合(he)適(shi)(shi)的電纜載面。

船用電纜型號選擇

船用電纜型號的選擇(ze)應(ying)考慮下(xia)述因素：

1、電纜的用(yong)途———用(yong)于動(dong)力、照(zhao)明和無線(xian)電通信等。

2、電纜敷(fu)設位置———干燥、潮濕、低(di)溫和(he)是否要(yao)求屏蔽等(deng)。

3、工作條件———固定敷(fu)設、穿管數(shu)設和(he)可移動等。

4發展趨勢

根據(ju)幾年國(guo)內外船(chuan)舶(bo)工業的發展，預計未來船(chuan)舶(bo)市(shi)場需求(qiu)呈現(xian)出以大噸(dun)位為主，具有高技術含(han)量和高附加(jia)值等特點。

調查顯示，世界(jie)(jie)造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)中(zhong)心正在加速(su)(su)向中(zhong)國(guo)轉移。目前我國(guo)長三角地(di)區，依(yi)靠其黃金(jin)水道與(yu)黃金(jin)海(hai)(hai)岸交匯的地(di)緣(yuan)優(you)勢，已(yi)經(jing)成為世界(jie)(jie)造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)業(ye)投資轉移的集聚(ju)區。國(guo)際市(shi)場(chang)受外(wai)部經(jing)濟環境而影響，與(yu)前幾(ji)年相比將有短時期的低(di)迷。但是國(guo)內(nei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)(bo)工(gong)業(ye)將會持續(xu)興旺，受到我國(guo)海(hai)(hai)洋(yang)開發戰略(lve)實(shi)施的影響，國(guo)內(nei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)(bo)工(gong)業(ye)面臨巨大發展空間(jian)。我國(guo)能成功制(zhi)造的新型(xing)(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)(bo)種類不斷(duan)增加，例如：成品油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、化(hua)學品船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海(hai)(hai)洋(yang)工(gong)程船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠洋(yang)漁船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大型(xing)(xing)集裝箱(xiang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、客(ke)滾(gun)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、滾(gun)裝船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化(hua)石油(you)氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化(hua)天然(ran)氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大型(xing)(xing)冷藏船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、散貨船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、漁政(zheng)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、軍用(yong)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、自卸船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大艙(cang)口多用(yong)途船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、穿梭(suo)油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速(su)(su)無艙(cang)蓋集裝箱(xiang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速(su)(su)水翼客(ke)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海(hai)(hai)上(shang)儲(chu)油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、巨型(xing)(xing)油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和內(nei)河船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)(bo)等(deng)；另外(wai)還有與(yu)緝(ji)私艇(ting)、救生艇(ting)、游艇(ting)等(deng)小(xiao)型(xing)(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)(bo)艦(jian)艇(ting)。

我國(guo)船(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)的(de)快速發展，將(jiang)進(jin)一(yi)步拉動船(chuan)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)市(shi)場需求。受(shou)船(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)(gong)作環境(jing)的(de)影響，船(chuan)舶(bo)上(shang)所使(shi)用(yong)(yong)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)基(ji)本都是無鹵、低煙型、耐鹽堿的(de)特種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)。在海上(shang)平臺作業(ye)(ye)中(zhong)，縱向水(shui)密封(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)、臍(qi)帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)將(jiang)會(hui)得到大(da)(da)(da)量使(shi)用(yong)(yong)。我國(guo)整(zheng)體的(de)船(chuan)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)行業(ye)(ye)受(shou)國(guo)內外船(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)的(de)發展需求量也會(hui)大(da)(da)(da)大(da)(da)(da)增加；而軍(jun)用(yong)(yong)艦船(chuan)、水(shui)下航行體、魚雷、水(shui)下誘(you)餌、水(shui)下偵(zhen)察器的(de)專用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)和光纖光纜(lan)(lan)市(shi)場需求也會(hui)大(da)(da)(da)幅度增加。除此之外，船(chuan)舶(bo)的(de)維修以及(ji)碼頭等相(xiang)關設施的(de)建設也會(hui)為其他常(chang)用(yong)(yong)類電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)提供(gong)很大(da)(da)(da)的(de)市(shi)場需求空間。