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船用電纜

中(zhong)文名

船用電纜

全    稱

船用電力電纜

主要用途

水上建筑的電力(li)照(zhao)明和(he)一般控(kong)制用(yong)

執行標準

IEC60092-350

1簡介

船用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)又稱船用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)，是一種(zhong)用(yong)(yong)于河海各種(zhong)船舶(bo)及(ji)海上石(shi)油平臺等水上建(jian)筑的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)力、照(zhao)明(ming)和(he)一般(ban)控(kong)制之(zhi)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)。

主要(yao)用(yong)途：應用(yong)于用(yong)于河海各種船(chuan)舶及(ji)海上(shang)石油平(ping)臺等水上(shang)建筑(zhu)的電(dian)力(li)、照明和一般(ban)控制之用(yong)。

執行標準(zhun)：船用(yong)電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)纜的(de)執行標準(zhun)：IEC60092-350，IEC60092-353或GB9331-88。

船(chuan)用(yong)電力電纜主要(yao)參(can)數有型號規格、芯(xin)數、燃燒特性、額定電壓、溫度、標稱截面積等主要(yao)參(can)數。

2分類

從種類上(shang)分，船用(yong)電纜可(ke)分為兩類：民船用(yong)電線電纜、軍艦用(yong)電線電纜。

從用(yong)途上分，船(chuan)用(yong)電纜(lan)可分為(wei)三類：船(chuan)/艦(jian)(jian)用(yong)電力(li)電纜(lan)、船(chuan)/艦(jian)(jian)用(yong)控制電纜(lan)、船(chuan)/艦(jian)(jian)用(yong)通訊電纜(lan)。其作用(yong)分別(bie)是：

船用(yong)電(dian)力電(dian)纜：用(yong)于(yu)河海各種船舶及(ji)海上(shang)石油平臺等水(shui)上(shang)建筑的(de)電(dian)力、照明(ming)和一般控制之用(yong)。

船用(yong)控制電纜(lan)：用(yong)于河海各種船舶及(ji)海上(shang)石油平臺等水上(shang)建筑一般控制之用(yong)。

船用通(tong)信電(dian)纜：用于各種傳播通(tong)信、電(dian)子計算機、信息(xi)處理設備中的信號(hao)傳輸和控制系統。

3選擇原則

船舶電力系統中(zhong)各電纜的選(xuan)擇(ze)步驟和原則

1、根據電纜的用途、敷設位置和工作條件選擇(ze)合適的電纜型號。

2、 根據用(yong)電(dian)設備的工作制(zhi)、電(dian)源種類、電(dian)纜線(xian)芯和負載電(dian)流選擇合(he)適的電(dian)纜截(jie)面。

3、根(gen)據系統短路電(dian)流計算結果，片(pian)斷電(dian)纜的(de)短路容量是否(fou)滿(man)足要求。

4、 根據環境溫度對電纜的額(e)定載流量進行修正，然后(hou)再判(pan)斷電纜的允許電流是否大于負載電流。

5、 根據成束敷設修(xiu)正系數，對電(dian)纜的額(e)定載流量進行修(xiu)正，然后(hou)，再判斷電(dian)纜的允許電(dian)流是(shi)否大于(yu)負載電(dian)流。

6、校核(he)線路(lu)電壓降，判斷線路(lu)電壓降是否小于規定(ding)值。

7、根據保護(hu)裝(zhuang)置的(de)整定(ding)值，判(pan)斷(duan)電纜(lan)與(yu)保護(hu)裝(zhuang)置是否協調(diao)；如果不協調(diao)，判(pan)斷(duan)是否可以改變合(he)適(shi)的(de)保護(hu)裝(zhuang)置或整定(ding)值，否則應重新選擇(ze)合(he)適(shi)的(de)電纜(lan)載面(mian)。

船用電纜型號選擇

船用電纜型號的(de)選擇應考(kao)慮下述(shu)因素：

1、電(dian)纜的用途———用于(yu)動力、照(zhao)明(ming)和無線電(dian)通信等。

2、電纜敷設位置———干(gan)燥、潮濕、低溫(wen)和是(shi)否(fou)要(yao)求屏蔽(bi)等。

3、工作條(tiao)件(jian)———固定敷(fu)設、穿管數設和可移動等。

4發展趨勢

根據(ju)幾(ji)年國內外(wai)船舶(bo)工(gong)業的發展，預(yu)計(ji)未(wei)來船舶(bo)市場(chang)需求呈現出以大(da)噸(dun)位(wei)為主(zhu)，具有高(gao)技術含量和高(gao)附(fu)加值(zhi)等特(te)點。

調查顯示，世(shi)界造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)中(zhong)心正在(zai)加速向中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)轉移(yi)。目(mu)前我國(guo)(guo)長三角地區，依靠(kao)其黃(huang)金水道與黃(huang)金海岸交匯的(de)(de)地緣優勢，已經成(cheng)為世(shi)界造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)業投(tou)資(zi)轉移(yi)的(de)(de)集聚區。國(guo)(guo)際市場受外部(bu)經濟環境而影(ying)響，與前幾(ji)年相比將有短時期的(de)(de)低迷。但是國(guo)(guo)內(nei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)工業將會持續興(xing)旺，受到我國(guo)(guo)海洋開發(fa)戰略實施的(de)(de)影(ying)響，國(guo)(guo)內(nei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)工業面臨巨大發(fa)展(zhan)空間(jian)。我國(guo)(guo)能成(cheng)功制造的(de)(de)新型船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)種類不斷增加，例如：成(cheng)品油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、化學品船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海洋工程船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠(yuan)洋漁船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大型集裝(zhuang)(zhuang)箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、客滾船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、滾裝(zhuang)(zhuang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化石油(you)氣(qi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化天然氣(qi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大型冷藏船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、散貨(huo)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、漁政船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、軍(jun)用船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、自卸船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大艙口多用途(tu)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、穿(chuan)梭油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速無(wu)艙蓋集裝(zhuang)(zhuang)箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速水翼客船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海上(shang)儲油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、巨型油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和內(nei)河船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)等；另外還(huan)有與緝私艇(ting)、救(jiu)生(sheng)艇(ting)、游艇(ting)等小型船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)艦艇(ting)。

我(wo)國(guo)船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)(gong)業的(de)(de)快速發(fa)展(zhan)，將進(jin)一步拉動船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)市場(chang)需(xu)求(qiu)。受船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)(gong)作環境的(de)(de)影響，船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)上所使用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)基本都是無鹵、低煙型、耐鹽堿的(de)(de)特(te)種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)。在海上平臺作業中，縱向(xiang)水(shui)密封電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)、臍帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)將會得到大(da)量使用(yong)(yong)。我(wo)國(guo)整體的(de)(de)船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)行(xing)業受國(guo)內外(wai)船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)(gong)業的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)需(xu)求(qiu)量也(ye)(ye)會大(da)大(da)增加；而軍用(yong)(yong)艦(jian)船(chuan)(chuan)、水(shui)下(xia)航(hang)行(xing)體、魚雷、水(shui)下(xia)誘餌、水(shui)下(xia)偵察器的(de)(de)專用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)和光纖光纜(lan)(lan)市場(chang)需(xu)求(qiu)也(ye)(ye)會大(da)幅度(du)增加。除(chu)此之外(wai)，船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)的(de)(de)維修以(yi)及碼頭等相關設施的(de)(de)建設也(ye)(ye)會為其他常用(yong)(yong)類電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)提供很大(da)的(de)(de)市場(chang)需(xu)求(qiu)空間。