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船用電纜

中文名

船用電纜

全    稱

船用電力電纜

主要用途

水(shui)上建筑的(de)電力照明和(he)一般控制用

執行標準

IEC60092-350

1簡介

船(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)纜又稱船(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)纜，是一種(zhong)用(yong)于河海各種(zhong)船(chuan)舶(bo)及海上石油平臺等水上建筑的電(dian)力(li)(li)、照明(ming)和一般控制(zhi)之(zhi)用(yong)的電(dian)線電(dian)纜。

主要用(yong)(yong)途：應用(yong)(yong)于用(yong)(yong)于河海各種船舶及海上石油(you)平臺等水上建筑(zhu)的(de)電力、照明和一般控制之用(yong)(yong)。

執(zhi)行標準：船用電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)的執(zhi)行標準：IEC60092-350，IEC60092-353或(huo)GB9331-88。

船用電力電纜主要參(can)數(shu)有型號規格、芯數(shu)、燃燒特性、額定電壓、溫度、標稱截面積等主要參(can)數(shu)。

2分類

從種類上分，船用(yong)電纜可(ke)分為兩類：民(min)船用(yong)電線電纜、軍艦用(yong)電線電纜。

從用(yong)途上分(fen)(fen)，船(chuan)用(yong)電纜(lan)可分(fen)(fen)為三類：船(chuan)/艦用(yong)電力電纜(lan)、船(chuan)/艦用(yong)控制電纜(lan)、船(chuan)/艦用(yong)通訊電纜(lan)。其作用(yong)分(fen)(fen)別是：

船用(yong)電力電纜(lan)：用(yong)于河海各種船舶及海上(shang)石油(you)平臺等水上(shang)建筑的電力、照明和一般控(kong)制之(zhi)用(yong)。

船(chuan)用(yong)控(kong)制(zhi)電纜(lan)：用(yong)于(yu)河(he)海各種船(chuan)舶(bo)及海上石油(you)平臺(tai)等水上建(jian)筑一(yi)般控(kong)制(zhi)之用(yong)。

船用(yong)通信(xin)(xin)電纜：用(yong)于各(ge)種傳播通信(xin)(xin)、電子計算機、信(xin)(xin)息處理(li)設備中(zhong)的信(xin)(xin)號傳輸和(he)控制系統。

3選擇原則

船舶電(dian)力系統中各電(dian)纜的選擇步驟(zou)和原則

1、根據電纜的(de)用(yong)途、敷設位(wei)置和工(gong)作條件選擇合適的(de)電纜型號。

2、 根據用(yong)電(dian)設備的(de)工作(zuo)制(zhi)、電(dian)源種類、電(dian)纜線(xian)芯和負載電(dian)流(liu)選擇(ze)合適的(de)電(dian)纜截(jie)面。

3、根據系統短(duan)路電(dian)流計算結果，片斷電(dian)纜的短(duan)路容量(liang)是否滿足要求。

4、 根據環(huan)境溫度對電纜的(de)額定(ding)載(zai)流(liu)量進行修正，然后再判斷電纜的(de)允許電流(liu)是否大(da)于(yu)負載(zai)電流(liu)。

5、 根據成束敷(fu)設(she)修正系數，對電(dian)纜(lan)的額定載流(liu)量進行(xing)修正，然后，再判斷電(dian)纜(lan)的允許(xu)電(dian)流(liu)是否大(da)于負載電(dian)流(liu)。

6、校核(he)線路電壓降(jiang)，判斷線路電壓降(jiang)是否小于規(gui)定(ding)值。

7、根據(ju)保護裝置的(de)整定(ding)值，判斷(duan)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)與保護裝置是(shi)否協調；如(ru)果(guo)不協調，判斷(duan)是(shi)否可以改變(bian)合適的(de)保護裝置或整定(ding)值，否則(ze)應重新選擇合適的(de)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)載面。

船用電纜型號選擇

船(chuan)用電纜(lan)型號的(de)選(xuan)擇應(ying)考慮下述因(yin)素：

1、電纜的用(yong)途———用(yong)于動力、照明(ming)和無線電通(tong)信等(deng)。

2、電(dian)纜敷設位置———干燥、潮濕、低溫和是否要求屏蔽(bi)等(deng)。

3、工作條件———固定敷設(she)、穿管數設(she)和可移(yi)動(dong)等。

4發展趨勢

根據(ju)幾年(nian)國內外船舶工業(ye)的發展，預(yu)計(ji)未來船舶市場需求呈現(xian)出(chu)以(yi)大噸位(wei)為主，具(ju)有高技(ji)術含量和高附加值等(deng)特點。

調查顯示，世(shi)(shi)界造(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)中心(xin)正在(zai)加速向中國轉移。目前我(wo)(wo)國長三角地區，依靠其黃(huang)金水道與(yu)(yu)黃(huang)金海(hai)岸交匯(hui)的地緣優勢，已經(jing)成(cheng)為世(shi)(shi)界造(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)業(ye)投資轉移的集(ji)聚區。國際(ji)市場受外部經(jing)濟(ji)環境而影響，與(yu)(yu)前幾年相(xiang)比將有(you)(you)短時期的低迷。但是國內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶工業(ye)將會持續(xu)興旺(wang)，受到我(wo)(wo)國海(hai)洋(yang)(yang)開發戰(zhan)略實(shi)施的影響，國內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶工業(ye)面臨(lin)巨大發展(zhan)空間。我(wo)(wo)國能(neng)成(cheng)功制造(zao)的新型(xing)(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶種類不斷增加，例(li)如：成(cheng)品油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、化學品船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海(hai)洋(yang)(yang)工程(cheng)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠洋(yang)(yang)漁船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大型(xing)(xing)集(ji)裝(zhuang)箱(xiang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、客(ke)(ke)滾(gun)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、滾(gun)裝(zhuang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液(ye)化石(shi)油(you)氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液(ye)化天然(ran)氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大型(xing)(xing)冷藏(zang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、散貨船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、漁政船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、軍(jun)用船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、自卸船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大艙口多(duo)用途船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、穿梭油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速無艙蓋集(ji)裝(zhuang)箱(xiang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速水翼客(ke)(ke)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海(hai)上儲(chu)油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、巨型(xing)(xing)油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和內河船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶等；另外還有(you)(you)與(yu)(yu)緝(ji)私艇、救生艇、游艇等小型(xing)(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶艦艇。

我國船舶(bo)工業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)快(kuai)速發(fa)展，將進一(yi)步(bu)拉動(dong)船用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)(de)(de)市(shi)場(chang)需(xu)(xu)求。受船舶(bo)工作(zuo)環境的(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響，船舶(bo)上所使用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)基(ji)本都是無鹵(lu)、低煙型、耐鹽(yan)堿(jian)的(de)(de)(de)特種電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)。在海上平(ping)臺作(zuo)業(ye)中，縱(zong)向(xiang)水(shui)密封電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、臍(qi)帶電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)將會(hui)得到(dao)大量使用(yong)(yong)。我國整體的(de)(de)(de)船用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)行業(ye)受國內外船舶(bo)工業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展需(xu)(xu)求量也(ye)會(hui)大大增加；而軍用(yong)(yong)艦船、水(shui)下航(hang)行體、魚雷、水(shui)下誘餌(er)、水(shui)下偵察器的(de)(de)(de)專用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)和光(guang)纖光(guang)纜(lan)市(shi)場(chang)需(xu)(xu)求也(ye)會(hui)大幅度增加。除此之外，船舶(bo)的(de)(de)(de)維修以及碼頭等相關設(she)施的(de)(de)(de)建設(she)也(ye)會(hui)為其他常用(yong)(yong)類(lei)電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)提供很(hen)大的(de)(de)(de)市(shi)場(chang)需(xu)(xu)求空間。