国产精品成人网站/两攻一受3p双龙h调教/玩弄人妻少妇500系列/人妻换人妻仑乱/国产成人一区二区三区别

電(dian)力電(dian)纜

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)是(shi)用(yong)于(yu)傳(chuan)輸和(he)分(fen)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)常(chang)用(yong)于(yu)城市地下(xia)(xia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網、發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站引出線(xian)路(lu)(lu)、工(gong)礦企業(ye)內部供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)及過江海水下(xia)(xia)輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)。在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)線(xian)路(lu)(lu)中(zhong)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)所占比(bi)重正逐漸增加。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)是(shi)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)系(xi)統的(de)主干線(xian)路(lu)(lu)中(zhong)用(yong)以傳(chuan)輸和(he)分(fen)配大功率電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)產品(pin)，包(bao)括1-500KV以及以上各(ge)種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)等級，各(ge)種絕緣的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)。

中文名

電力電纜

基本簡介

電(dian)力電(dian)纜的(de)使(shi)用至今(jin)已有百年

主要分(fen)類

分(fen)類：按(an)電壓等級(ji)分(fen)

簡介：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)使用(yong)至今已(yi)有百余年(nian)(nian)歷史。1879年(nian)(nian)，美國(guo)發(fa)明(ming)家T.A.愛(ai)迪生在銅棒(bang)上(shang)包繞(rao)黃麻并將(jiang)其(qi)穿入(ru)鐵管內，然后填充瀝青混合(he)物制(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)。他將(jiang)此(ci)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)敷設(she)(she)于紐約，開創了(le)(le)(le)地下輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。次年(nian)(nian)，英(ying)國(guo)人(ren)卡倫德(de)發(fa)明(ming)瀝青浸漬(zi)紙(zhi)絕緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)。1889年(nian)(nian)，英(ying)國(guo)人(ren)S.Z.費蘭梯在倫敦與德(de)特(te)福德(de)之間敷設(she)(she)了(le)(le)(le)10千(qian)伏油浸紙(zhi)絕緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)。1908年(nian)(nian)，英(ying)國(guo)建成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)20千(qian)伏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)網(wang)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)得到越來越廣(guang)的(de)(de)應用(yong)。1911年(nian)(nian)，德(de)國(guo)敷設(she)(she)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)60千(qian)伏高(gao)壓電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)，開始了(le)(le)(le)高(gao)壓電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)發(fa)展。1913年(nian)(nian)，德(de)國(guo)人(ren)M.霍希施泰特(te)研制(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)分相屏(ping)蔽電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan),改(gai)善(shan)了(le)(le)(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)內部(bu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)分布,消除了(le)(le)(le)絕緣(yuan)表面的(de)(de)正切應力(li)，成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)發(fa)展中的(de)(de)里程(cheng)碑。1952年(nian)(nian)，瑞典在北部(bu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠(chang)敷設(she)(she)了(le)(le)(le)380千(qian)伏超(chao)高(gao)壓電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan),實(shi)現(xian)了(le)(le)(le)超(chao)高(gao)壓電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)應用(yong)。到80年(nian)(nian)代已(yi)制(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)1100千(qian)伏、1200千(qian)伏的(de)(de)特(te)高(gao)壓電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)。

分類：按電壓等級分

按電(dian)(dian)壓等級可分為中、低壓電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)（35千伏及(ji)(ji)以(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)）、高壓電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(110千伏以(yi)(yi)(yi)上)、超高壓電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)（275～800千伏）以(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)特高壓電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)（1000千伏及(ji)(ji)以(yi)(yi)(yi)上）。此外，還可按電(dian)(dian)流制(zhi)分為交流電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)和直流電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)。

按絕緣材料(liao)分(fen)

1、油浸紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)絕(jue)緣電(dian)力(li)電(dian)纜(lan)以(yi)油浸紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作絕(jue)緣的電(dian)力(li)電(dian)纜(lan)。其應用(yong)歷史最(zui)長(chang)。它(ta)安(an)全可靠(kao)，使用(yong)壽命(ming)長(chang)，價格低廉。主要缺點是敷設(she)受(shou)落差(cha)限制。自從開發出不(bu)滴(di)流(liu)浸紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)絕(jue)緣后，解決了落差(cha)限制問題，使油浸紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)絕(jue)緣電(dian)纜(lan)得(de)以(yi)繼續廣泛應用(yong)。

2、塑(su)料絕(jue)緣電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)纜 　絕(jue)緣層為擠壓塑(su)料的(de)電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)纜。常用的(de)塑(su)料有聚氯乙(yi)(yi)烯、聚乙(yi)(yi)烯、交聯聚乙(yi)(yi)烯。塑(su)料電(dian)(dian)纜結(jie)構簡單,制造加工方(fang)便(bian)，重量輕(qing)，敷(fu)設(she)安裝方(fang)便(bian),不受(shou)敷(fu)設(she)落(luo)差限制。因此廣泛應用作中(zhong)低壓電(dian)(dian)纜，并有取(qu)代粘(zhan)性浸漬(zi)油(you)紙電(dian)(dian)纜的(de)趨勢。其最大缺點是存在樹枝化擊穿(chuan)現象，這限制了(le)它(ta)在更(geng)高電(dian)(dian)壓的(de)使用。

3、橡皮絕緣電力電纜　絕緣層為橡膠加上各(ge)種配合(he)劑，經過充分混(hun)煉后(hou)擠包(bao)在導電線芯(xin)上，經過加溫硫化而成。它(ta)柔軟，富(fu)有彈性，適合(he)于移動頻繁、敷設(she)彎(wan)曲半徑小的場合(he)。

常用作絕緣的膠(jiao)料(liao)有天(tian)然膠(jiao)-丁苯膠(jiao)混合物，乙(yi)丙膠(jiao)、丁基(ji)膠(jiao)等(deng)。

按電壓等級分

1、低壓電纜：適用于固定敷設在交流50Hz，額定電壓3kv及(ji)以(yi)下的輸(shu)配(pei)電線路上作輸(shu)送電能用。

2、中(zhong)低壓電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)：（一般指35KV及以下）：聚氯乙(yi)烯(xi)絕緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)，聚乙(yi)烯(xi)絕緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)，交聯聚乙(yi)烯(xi)絕緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)等(deng)。

3、高壓電(dian)纜：（一般為110KV及以上）：聚乙烯(xi)(xi)電(dian)纜和(he)交聯聚乙烯(xi)(xi)絕緣電(dian)纜等。

4、超高壓(ya)電纜：（275～800千(qian)伏(fu)）。

5、特(te)高壓電纜：（1000千伏及(ji)以(yi)上）。

基本結構(gou)：電(dian)力電(dian)纜的基本結構(gou)由線芯（導體）、絕緣層(ceng)、屏蔽層(ceng)和保(bao)護層(ceng)四部(bu)分(fen)組成。

1.線芯是電力電纜(lan)的導電部(bu)分，用來輸(shu)送(song)電能，是電力電纜(lan)的主要部(bu)分。

2.絕緣層是(shi)將線(xian)芯(xin)與(yu)大(da)地以及(ji)不同相(xiang)的線(xian)芯(xin)間在電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)上(shang)彼此(ci)隔(ge)離，保證電(dian)(dian)能(neng)輸送，是(shi)電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)纜結構(gou)中不可缺少的組成部分。

3.15KV及以上的電力電纜一般都有導(dao)體(ti)屏(ping)蔽(bi)層和絕緣屏(ping)蔽(bi)層。

4.保護層的作用(yong)是保護電(dian)力(li)電(dian)纜免受外界雜質和水分的侵入，以及防止外力(li)直接(jie)損壞電(dian)力(li)電(dian)纜。

主要優點：

1占地(di)少(shao)。一(yi)般埋設于土壤中或(huo)敷設于室(shi)內，溝道，隧道中，線間絕緣距離(li)小，不用桿塔，占地(di)少(shao)，基本不占地(di)面上空(kong)間。

2可(ke)靠性高。受氣(qi)候條件和周圍環境影響小，傳輸性能穩定(ding)，可(ke)靠性高。

3具(ju)有(you)向超(chao)高壓，大容量發展的更為有(you)利(li)的條件，如低溫(wen)，超(chao)導電力電纜等(deng)。

4分布電容較大。

5維護工作量少。

6電擊可能性小。

型號說(shuo)明

電力電纜的型號

1.用漢語拼(pin)音第一個字母的大寫表(biao)(biao)示絕緣種類(lei)、導體材料、內(nei)護層材料和(he)結構特點(dian)。如用Z代表(biao)(biao)紙（zhi）；L代表(biao)(biao)鋁（lv）；Q代表(biao)(biao)鉛（qian）；F代表(biao)(biao)分(fen)相（fen）；ZR代表(biao)(biao)阻燃（zuran）；NH代表(biao)(biao)耐火（naihuo）。

2.用數(shu)字(zi)(zi)表(biao)(biao)示外護層(ceng)構成，有二位數(shu)字(zi)(zi)。無數(shu)字(zi)(zi)代(dai)表(biao)(biao)無鎧裝層(ceng)，無外被(bei)層(ceng)。第(di)一位數(shu)字(zi)(zi)表(biao)(biao)示鎧裝，第(di)二位數(shu)字(zi)(zi)表(biao)(biao)示外被(bei)，如(ru)粗鋼絲(si)鎧裝纖維外被(bei)表(biao)(biao)示為41。

3.電纜型(xing)號按電纜結構的排列一般依次序為：絕緣材料；導(dao)體材料；內護層；外護層。

4.電(dian)纜產品用型號(hao)、額(e)定(ding)電(dian)壓和(he)規格表示。其方法(fa)是在型號(hao)后再加上說明額(e)定(ding)電(dian)壓、芯數和(he)標稱(cheng)截面積的。

型(xing)號詳(xiang)細(xi)說明

（1）類別：H——市內通信(xin)電纜HP——配線(xian)電纜HJ——局(ju)用電纜

（2）絕(jue)緣(yuan)：Y——聚(ju)(ju)乙(yi)烯(xi)絕(jue)緣(yuan)YF——泡沫聚(ju)(ju)烯(xi)烴絕(jue)緣(yuan)YP——泡沫/實心皮聚(ju)(ju)烯(xi)烴絕(jue)緣(yuan)

（3）內(nei)護(hu)層：A——涂塑鋁(lv)帶粘接(jie)屏蔽聚(ju)乙烯(xi)(xi)護(hu)套(tao)S——鋁(lv)，鋼雙層金屬帶屏蔽聚(ju)乙烯(xi)(xi)護(hu)套(tao)      V——聚(ju)氯乙烯(xi)(xi)護(hu)套(tao)

（4）特征：T——石油膏填充G——高頻隔離C——自承(cheng)式(shi)

（5）外護層：23——雙(shuang)層防腐鋼帶(dai)繞包銷裝聚乙烯外被層

33——單層(ceng)細鋼絲(si)鎧裝聚(ju)乙(yi)烯被層(ceng)

43——單層(ceng)粗鋼絲(si)鎧裝聚乙烯(xi)被層(ceng)

53——單層鋼帶皺(zhou)紋縱包鎧(kai)裝聚(ju)乙(yi)烯(xi)外被(bei)層

553——雙層(ceng)鋼帶(dai)皺紋縱包鎧裝(zhuang)聚乙烯外被層(ceng)

2） BV 銅芯聚氯(lv)乙烯絕緣電線(xian)；BLV 鋁芯聚氯(lv)乙烯絕緣電線(xian)；

BVV 銅(tong)芯(xin)聚氯乙(yi)烯絕(jue)緣(yuan)聚氯乙(yi)烯護套電(dian)線(xian)；BLVV 鋁(lv)芯(xin)聚氯乙(yi)烯絕(jue)緣(yuan)聚氯乙(yi)烯護套電(dian)線(xian)；

BVR 銅(tong)(tong)芯(xin)(xin)聚(ju)氯乙(yi)(yi)烯(xi)絕(jue)緣軟線(xian)；RV 銅(tong)(tong)芯(xin)(xin)聚(ju)氯乙(yi)(yi)烯(xi)絕(jue)緣安裝(zhuang)軟線(xian)；

RVB 銅(tong)芯(xin)聚(ju)(ju)氯(lv)乙烯(xi)絕(jue)(jue)緣平型連接(jie)線軟(ruan)線；BVS 銅(tong)芯(xin)聚(ju)(ju)氯(lv)乙烯(xi)絕(jue)(jue)緣絞型軟(ruan)線；

RVV 銅(tong)芯聚氯乙(yi)烯絕緣聚氯乙(yi)烯護套軟線(xian)；BYR 聚乙(yi)烯絕緣軟電(dian)線(xian)；

BYVR 聚乙(yi)烯絕(jue)緣(yuan)聚氯乙(yi)烯護套軟線；RY 聚乙(yi)烯絕(jue)緣(yuan)軟線；

RYV 聚(ju)乙烯絕緣(yuan)聚(ju)氯乙烯護(hu)套(tao)軟線

3）WD：無鹵(lu)低煙型(xing)ZR: 阻燃型(xing)NH：耐火型(xing)DH：防火型(xing)