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來源:行業動態(tai) 閱讀(du):158025 發布時(shi)間:2019-07-05
日前,國網(wang)天(tian)津市(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力公(gong)司提(ti)出(chu)的“以(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)供熱”試點規劃,被(bei)寫入天(tian)津市(shi)(shi)(shi)政府工(gong)作報(bao)告(gao),預(yu)示(shi)著(zhu)(zhu)天(tian)津市(shi)(shi)(shi)加熱電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜的需求量將(jiang)不(bu)斷提(ti)高。“推廣(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能替(ti)代工(gong)程,啟動以(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)供熱試點”被(bei)寫入天(tian)津市(shi)(shi)(shi)政府工(gong)作報(bao)告(gao),這標志著(zhu)(zhu)天(tian)津電(dian)(dian)(dian)能替(ti)代工(gong)作已進入政府主(zhu)導、系統推進的新階段。
當前(qian)電(dian)能(neng)替(ti)代(dai)技術成(cheng)(cheng)熟,經濟優勢明顯,清(qing)潔(jie)環保(bao)已成(cheng)(cheng)為政府和廣大(da)用(yong)戶的共識。一(yi)直以(yi)來(lai),北(bei)方地區冬季供(gong)(gong)熱(re)(re)取暖主(zhu)要是采用(yong)燃煤(mei)鍋爐,造成(cheng)(cheng)嚴重(zhong)大(da)氣(qi)污染。如果采取電(dian)能(neng)替(ti)代(dai),以(yi)電(dian)能(neng)或太陽(yang)能(neng)代(dai)替(ti)燃煤(mei)蒸汽(qi)供(gong)(gong)熱(re)(re),不但供(gong)(gong)熱(re)(re)成(cheng)(cheng)本大(da)幅(fu)度(du)降低,而且不會造成(cheng)(cheng)環境污染。
在(zai)有些專家(jia)看來(lai),電(dian)能作為清(qing)潔能源的優勢凸顯,替(ti)(ti)代(dai)(dai)潛力巨大(da)。4月(yue)2日,國家(jia)電(dian)網(wang)公司召開了(le)2015年電(dian)能替(ti)(ti)代(dai)(dai)工作推進會,發布了(le)《國家(jia)電(dian)網(wang)公司2015年全面深入推進電(dian)能替(ti)(ti)代(dai)(dai)行動(dong)計(ji)劃(hua)》,提(ti)出了(le)確保(bao)全年完(wan)成650億千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)、力爭(zheng)實現750億千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)替(ti)(ti)代(dai)(dai)電(dian)量。
據了解,今年國(guo)家電(dian)(dian)網公司將著力(li)(li)鞏固擴(kuo)大(da)電(dian)(dian)窯爐、電(dian)(dian)鍋(guo)爐、熱(re)泵等成熟項目的實(shi)施范圍,因地制宜拓展新領域、推廣新技術,除在(zai)港口(kou)地區推廣岸(an)(an)電(dian)(dian)替代(dai)(通過電(dian)(dian)纜將船舶(bo)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)與岸(an)(an)上電(dian)(dian)源連接,在(zai)船舶(bo)靠岸(an)(an)期(qi)間采用(yong)(yong)陸地電(dian)(dian)源供電(dian)(dian))外,還將對居(ju)民區、學校(xiao)等用(yong)(yong)戶推廣碳晶(jing)、電(dian)(dian)熱(re)膜、發熱(re)電(dian)(dian)纜等技術,在(zai)企事業單(dan)位食堂推廣電(dian)(dian)磁灶、電(dian)(dian)蒸鍋(guo),在(zai)油(you)田推廣電(dian)(dian)動鉆機,在(zai)油(you)氣輸送(song)管線(xian)推廣電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)加壓等。
從(cong)消費端來看,各地主要通(tong)過以(yi)(yi)電(dian)代煤(mei)(mei)、以(yi)(yi)電(dian)代油來促進節能(neng)(neng)減(jian)排。北京市(shi)城六區基本取(qu)消燃煤(mei)(mei)鍋爐,農村地區新增減(jian)煤(mei)(mei)換煤(mei)(mei)120萬(wan)噸。河北省提出大(da)幅壓減(jian)煤(mei)(mei)炭用量,實施煤(mei)(mei)電(dian)節能(neng)(neng)減(jian)排升級(ji)改造行(xing)動計(ji)劃。在歐美(mei)發達(da)國(guo)家,電(dian)采暖(nuan)普(pu)及率非常(chang)高,美(mei)國(guo)80%的(de)城市(shi)實行(xing)電(dian)采暖(nuan),加(jia)拿大(da)、德國(guo)、法國(guo)等電(dian)采暖(nuan)比例均(jun)在50%以(yi)(yi)上。
有專家分析(xi)認為(wei),國(guo)內大(da)(da)(da)力(li)開(kai)展電(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)替代,能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)有效緩解電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)產(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)過(guo)(guo)剩帶來的(de)巨(ju)大(da)(da)(da)壓力(li)。國(guo)內電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)行(xing)業(ye)產(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)過(guo)(guo)剩以及設(she)備(bei)過(guo)(guo)剩是不爭的(de)事(shi)實(shi)(shi),產(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)過(guo)(guo)剩意(yi)味(wei)(wei)著供(gong)大(da)(da)(da)于求,意(yi)味(wei)(wei)著惡性競爭;而設(she)備(bei)過(guo)(guo)剩又反映出(chu)開(kai)工率不足(zu)。事(shi)實(shi)(shi)上,僅次于汽(qi)車制造(zao)業(ye)的(de)第(di)二大(da)(da)(da)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)行(xing)業(ye)在贏得“全球第(di)一”之后(hou),卻因蜂擁而上深(shen)陷“紅海”的(de)產(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)嚴重(zhong)過(guo)(guo)剩之中。不足(zu)四(si)成的(de)產(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)開(kai)工率還不到歐美同期一半,連續萎(wei)靡的(de)虧損包袱成為(wei)不少上市公(gong)司不能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)承受之重(zhong),欲剝離(li)減(jian)負。
近來研發成功的(de)碳纖(xian)維加熱(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan),將加熱(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)系統的(de)應用(yong)(yong)推向了技術創新階段。推行“以(yi)電(dian)(dian)供熱(re)(re)”的(de)應用(yong)(yong),廣泛涉及(ji)千(qian)家萬戶。例(li)如在住宅內部,可實現墻壁(bi)、地板(ban)、空間加熱(re)(re)。其中,僅墻壁(bi)和地板(ban)加熱(re)(re)系統,就(jiu)需要大量加熱(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)。此外,根據外國經驗(yan),道路和機場融雪加熱(re)(re),也普遍首(shou)選加熱(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)系統。
電(dian)(dian)(dian)采暖相比燃(ran)煤采暖優(you)勢比較明(ming)顯。當前(qian),國內電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)供需矛盾將日(ri)趨緩和,2006年(nian)中國電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)供需基本(ben)平衡(heng)。從(cong)2007年(nian)開始,一部(bu)分煤炭產(chan)地為(wei)降低煤炭運(yun)輸成本(ben),大力(li)(li)(li)發(fa)(fa)展火力(li)(li)(li)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian),變煤炭運(yun)輸為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)輸送,并且國家正在大力(li)(li)(li)發(fa)(fa)展風力(li)(li)(li)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)、太陽能發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)、水力(li)(li)(li)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)、核(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)等,電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)已出(chu)現冬季過剩現象,這就(jiu)為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)采暖提(ti)供了足(zu)夠空間。
據相(xiang)關統(tong)計數(shu)字(zi)表(biao)明,我國(guo)地面輻射采暖市(shi)場在2010年底已達千億元,其中(zhong)技術成熟的低溫熱水輻射采暖和散熱片采暖占(zhan)據70%以上(shang)的市(shi)場份額(e)。電(dian)采暖雖(sui)處于起步階段,但也占(zhan)據了25%左右的市(shi)場份額(e),并且保持(chi)持(chi)續(xu)上(shang)升的趨勢。
如今,全國各地(di)針(zhen)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)采(cai)暖(nuan)紛(fen)紛(fen)出臺優惠政策,這(zhe)從側(ce)面展現出了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)采(cai)暖(nuan)的(de)(de)巨大潛力(li),也(ye)為(wei)碳纖維發(fa)熱(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜的(de)(de)發(fa)展提供(gong)了無限的(de)(de)可能性。就目前各個(ge)集中供(gong)暖(nuan)區(qu)域推(tui)出的(de)(de)供(gong)暖(nuan)政策來看,煤炭供(gong)熱(re)的(de)(de)時(shi)代(dai)正(zheng)在成(cheng)為(wei)歷史(shi)。而新型(xing)的(de)(de)環(huan)保節能的(de)(de)采(cai)暖(nuan)方式正(zheng)在占領市場,其中電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)采(cai)暖(nuan)以其成(cheng)熟的(de)(de)行業體系和卓越的(de)(de)供(gong)暖(nuan)效果正(zheng)在不斷受到重(zhong)視。這(zhe)為(wei)正(zheng)處于產(chan)能過剩的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜產(chan)業開辟(pi)了一個(ge)新的(de)(de)市場。