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船用電纜

中文名

船用電纜

全    稱

船用電力電纜

主要用途

水上建筑的電力照明(ming)和一般控制用

執行標準

IEC60092-350

1簡介

船用(yong)電(dian)(dian)纜又稱船用(yong)電(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)纜，是(shi)一種(zhong)用(yong)于河海(hai)各種(zhong)船舶及海(hai)上(shang)(shang)石油平臺等水上(shang)(shang)建筑的電(dian)(dian)力(li)、照明(ming)和(he)一般控制之用(yong)的電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜。

主要用途(tu)：應用于用于河海各種船舶及海上(shang)石油平臺等水上(shang)建筑的電力、照明和一般控制之用。

執行標(biao)準：船(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)纜的(de)執行標(biao)準：IEC60092-350，IEC60092-353或(huo)GB9331-88。

船用電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)主要參數有型號規格、芯數、燃燒特性、額定電(dian)壓(ya)、溫度、標稱截面積等主要參數。

2分類

從種類上(shang)分，船用(yong)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)可(ke)分為兩類：民船用(yong)電(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、軍艦用(yong)電(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)。

從用(yong)(yong)途上分(fen)，船(chuan)用(yong)(yong)電纜可分(fen)為三類：船(chuan)/艦用(yong)(yong)電力電纜、船(chuan)/艦用(yong)(yong)控制電纜、船(chuan)/艦用(yong)(yong)通(tong)訊電纜。其作用(yong)(yong)分(fen)別是：

船(chuan)用電(dian)力(li)電(dian)纜：用于河海各種船(chuan)舶及海上石油(you)平臺等(deng)水上建筑(zhu)的電(dian)力(li)、照(zhao)明和一般控制(zhi)之用。

船(chuan)用(yong)控制(zhi)電(dian)纜：用(yong)于河海(hai)各種船(chuan)舶及海(hai)上(shang)石油平臺等水(shui)上(shang)建筑一般控制(zhi)之用(yong)。

船用通信(xin)電纜(lan)：用于(yu)各種傳播(bo)通信(xin)、電子計算機、信(xin)息(xi)處(chu)理(li)設備中的信(xin)號(hao)傳輸和控制系(xi)統。

3選擇原則

船舶電(dian)(dian)力(li)系統中各電(dian)(dian)纜的選擇步(bu)驟和(he)原則

1、根(gen)據電纜的用途、敷設位置和工(gong)作條件選擇合適的電纜型號。

2、 根據用(yong)電(dian)(dian)設(she)備(bei)的工作(zuo)制、電(dian)(dian)源種類、電(dian)(dian)纜線(xian)芯和負(fu)載電(dian)(dian)流(liu)選擇合適的電(dian)(dian)纜截面。

3、根據系(xi)統短路電(dian)(dian)流(liu)計算結果(guo)，片斷電(dian)(dian)纜的(de)短路容量是否滿(man)足(zu)要求。

4、 根據(ju)環境溫度對電纜的額定載(zai)流量進行修(xiu)正，然后再(zai)判斷電纜的允(yun)許電流是否大于負載(zai)電流。

5、 根據成束(shu)敷設修正系數，對電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜的額定(ding)載流(liu)量進行(xing)修正，然(ran)后(hou)，再判斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜的允許電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)是否大于負載電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)。

6、校核線(xian)路電壓降(jiang)(jiang)，判(pan)斷線(xian)路電壓降(jiang)(jiang)是否小于規(gui)定值。

7、根據保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)裝置的(de)整定值，判(pan)斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)纜與(yu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)裝置是否(fou)協調；如果不協調，判(pan)斷(duan)是否(fou)可以改(gai)變合(he)適的(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)裝置或整定值，否(fou)則應重新選擇(ze)合(he)適的(de)電(dian)(dian)纜載面。

船用電纜型號選擇

船用(yong)電(dian)纜型號的選擇應考慮下述因素：

1、電纜的(de)用途(tu)———用于動(dong)力(li)、照明(ming)和(he)無線電通信等。

2、電纜(lan)敷設位置(zhi)———干(gan)燥、潮濕、低溫和是(shi)否要求(qiu)屏蔽等。

3、工作條件———固定敷設、穿管數設和(he)可移動(dong)等。

4發展趨勢

根據幾年(nian)國內外船舶工業(ye)的發(fa)展，預計未來(lai)船舶市場需求呈(cheng)現出(chu)以大噸位為主(zhu)，具有高技術(shu)含量和高附加值等(deng)特點(dian)。

調查顯示(shi)，世界造(zao)(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)中心正在加速(su)向中國(guo)(guo)轉(zhuan)移。目前(qian)(qian)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)長三角地區，依靠其黃金(jin)水道與(yu)黃金(jin)海(hai)岸交匯(hui)的地緣(yuan)優勢(shi)，已(yi)經成為(wei)世界造(zao)(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)業(ye)投資轉(zhuan)移的集聚區。國(guo)(guo)際(ji)市(shi)場受(shou)(shou)外部經濟環(huan)境而影響，與(yu)前(qian)(qian)幾年相比將(jiang)有短時(shi)期(qi)的低迷。但是國(guo)(guo)內(nei)(nei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)業(ye)將(jiang)會持續興旺(wang)，受(shou)(shou)到我(wo)國(guo)(guo)海(hai)洋開發(fa)戰略(lve)實(shi)施(shi)的影響，國(guo)(guo)內(nei)(nei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)業(ye)面(mian)臨巨大(da)(da)發(fa)展空間。我(wo)國(guo)(guo)能成功(gong)制造(zao)(zao)的新型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)種類不斷增加，例如(ru)：成品(pin)油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、化(hua)學(xue)品(pin)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海(hai)洋工(gong)程船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠洋漁船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)(da)型(xing)集裝箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、客滾船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、滾裝船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化(hua)石(shi)油(you)氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化(hua)天然氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)(da)型(xing)冷藏船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、散(san)貨船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、漁政船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、軍用(yong)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、自(zi)卸船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)(da)艙口多用(yong)途船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、穿(chuan)梭油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速(su)無艙蓋集裝箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速(su)水翼(yi)客船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海(hai)上儲油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、巨型(xing)油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和內(nei)(nei)河船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)等；另外還有與(yu)緝私(si)艇(ting)、救生艇(ting)、游艇(ting)等小(xiao)型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)艦艇(ting)。

我國(guo)船(chuan)(chuan)舶工(gong)(gong)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)快(kuai)速發展，將進(jin)一步拉動船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)(de)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)需(xu)(xu)求。受(shou)船(chuan)(chuan)舶工(gong)(gong)作環境的(de)(de)(de)影響，船(chuan)(chuan)舶上所使(shi)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)基本都(dou)是無(wu)鹵(lu)、低煙型、耐鹽堿的(de)(de)(de)特種電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)。在海上平臺作業(ye)中，縱向水(shui)密封電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)、臍帶電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)將會得(de)到(dao)大(da)量使(shi)用(yong)(yong)。我國(guo)整體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)行業(ye)受(shou)國(guo)內外(wai)(wai)船(chuan)(chuan)舶工(gong)(gong)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)發展需(xu)(xu)求量也(ye)會大(da)大(da)增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)；而(er)軍用(yong)(yong)艦船(chuan)(chuan)、水(shui)下(xia)航(hang)行體(ti)、魚雷、水(shui)下(xia)誘餌、水(shui)下(xia)偵察器的(de)(de)(de)專用(yong)(yong)電(dian)線(xian)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)和光(guang)纖光(guang)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)需(xu)(xu)求也(ye)會大(da)幅(fu)度增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)。除此之(zhi)外(wai)(wai)，船(chuan)(chuan)舶的(de)(de)(de)維修以及(ji)碼頭等(deng)相關設施的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)設也(ye)會為其他常用(yong)(yong)類電(dian)線(xian)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)提(ti)供很大(da)的(de)(de)(de)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)需(xu)(xu)求空間。