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船用電纜

中文(wen)名

船用電纜

全    稱

船用電力電纜

主要用途

水上建(jian)筑的電(dian)力照明和一般控制用(yong)

執行標準

IEC60092-350

1簡介

船用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)又稱(cheng)船用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)，是一(yi)種用(yong)于河海(hai)各(ge)種船舶及海(hai)上(shang)石油(you)平臺(tai)等水上(shang)建(jian)筑的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)、照明和一(yi)般(ban)控(kong)制之用(yong)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)。

主要用(yong)途(tu)：應(ying)用(yong)于用(yong)于河海各種船舶及海上(shang)石油平臺(tai)等水上(shang)建(jian)筑的電力、照(zhao)明和一般控制之(zhi)用(yong)。

執(zhi)行(xing)標(biao)準：船(chuan)用(yong)電力(li)電纜的(de)執(zhi)行(xing)標(biao)準：IEC60092-350，IEC60092-353或GB9331-88。

船用電力電纜主要(yao)參數(shu)有型號(hao)規(gui)格、芯(xin)數(shu)、燃燒特性、額定電壓、溫度、標稱(cheng)截(jie)面(mian)積等主要(yao)參數(shu)。

2分類

從種類上分(fen)，船用電(dian)纜可(ke)分(fen)為兩類：民船用電(dian)線(xian)電(dian)纜、軍艦用電(dian)線(xian)電(dian)纜。

從用途上分，船(chuan)用電(dian)纜(lan)可分為三類：船(chuan)/艦用電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)、船(chuan)/艦用控(kong)制(zhi)電(dian)纜(lan)、船(chuan)/艦用通訊(xun)電(dian)纜(lan)。其作用分別是：

船(chuan)(chuan)用電力電纜：用于(yu)河海各種船(chuan)(chuan)舶及海上石油(you)平臺等水(shui)上建筑(zhu)的電力、照明(ming)和一般控制之用。

船用(yong)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)電纜(lan)：用(yong)于河海(hai)各種船舶及海(hai)上石油平臺等(deng)水上建筑一(yi)般控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)之用(yong)。

船用通(tong)信(xin)電纜：用于各種傳播通(tong)信(xin)、電子計(ji)算(suan)機、信(xin)息處理設備中的(de)信(xin)號傳輸(shu)和控制系統。

3選擇原則

船舶電(dian)力(li)系統中各電(dian)纜的選擇(ze)步驟和原則

1、根據(ju)電纜的用(yong)途、敷(fu)設位置和工作條件選擇(ze)合適的電纜型號。

2、 根據(ju)用(yong)電設備(bei)的(de)工作制、電源(yuan)種類(lei)、電纜線芯和負載電流(liu)選(xuan)擇合適(shi)的(de)電纜截(jie)面(mian)。

3、根據系(xi)統(tong)短路電流計算(suan)結果，片(pian)斷(duan)電纜(lan)的短路容量是否滿足要求。

4、 根(gen)據環(huan)境(jing)溫度對(dui)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的額定載流量進(jin)行(xing)修正(zheng)，然后再判斷電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的允許電(dian)(dian)流是否大于負載電(dian)(dian)流。

5、 根據成束敷設(she)修(xiu)正系(xi)數(shu)，對電(dian)纜的額定載流量進(jin)行(xing)修(xiu)正，然后(hou)，再判(pan)斷(duan)電(dian)纜的允許電(dian)流是(shi)否大于負載電(dian)流。

6、校核線(xian)路(lu)電壓降，判斷線(xian)路(lu)電壓降是否(fou)小于(yu)規(gui)定值。

7、根據保(bao)護裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)的(de)(de)整定值(zhi)，判斷電纜與保(bao)護裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)是否(fou)協(xie)調；如果(guo)不協(xie)調，判斷是否(fou)可以改變合適(shi)的(de)(de)保(bao)護裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)或整定值(zhi)，否(fou)則(ze)應(ying)重新選(xuan)擇合適(shi)的(de)(de)電纜載(zai)面。

船用電纜型號選擇

船用電纜型號(hao)的選擇應考慮下述因素：

1、電(dian)纜的(de)用(yong)途———用(yong)于動力、照(zhao)明(ming)和無線電(dian)通信等。

2、電纜敷(fu)設位置———干(gan)燥、潮(chao)濕、低溫和(he)是否要求屏蔽(bi)等(deng)。

3、工作條(tiao)件———固定敷(fu)設、穿管數設和可移動等。

4發展趨勢

根據幾年國內外船(chuan)舶(bo)工業的發展，預計(ji)未來船(chuan)舶(bo)市(shi)場需(xu)求呈現(xian)出以大噸位(wei)為主，具(ju)有(you)高(gao)技術含(han)量和(he)高(gao)附加值(zhi)等特點。

調(diao)查顯(xian)示(shi)，世(shi)界造(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)中(zhong)心(xin)正在加速(su)向中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)轉移。目前我國(guo)(guo)長三角地區，依靠其黃(huang)金(jin)水道(dao)與黃(huang)金(jin)海(hai)(hai)岸交(jiao)匯(hui)的(de)(de)地緣優勢，已經成為世(shi)界造(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)業(ye)(ye)投資轉移的(de)(de)集聚(ju)區。國(guo)(guo)際市場受外部(bu)經濟環境而影響(xiang)，與前幾(ji)年相比(bi)將(jiang)有短(duan)時期的(de)(de)低迷。但是國(guo)(guo)內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)(bo)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)將(jiang)會持續興旺，受到我國(guo)(guo)海(hai)(hai)洋開(kai)發戰略實(shi)施的(de)(de)影響(xiang)，國(guo)(guo)內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)(bo)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)面臨巨大發展空間。我國(guo)(guo)能成功(gong)制(zhi)造(zao)的(de)(de)新型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)(bo)種類不斷增加，例如(ru)：成品(pin)油(you)(you)(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、化學品(pin)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海(hai)(hai)洋工(gong)程(cheng)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠(yuan)洋漁(yu)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大型(xing)集裝(zhuang)箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、客滾船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、滾裝(zhuang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化石油(you)(you)(you)氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化天然(ran)氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大型(xing)冷藏船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、散貨船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、漁(yu)政船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、軍(jun)用船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、自(zi)卸船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大艙口多用途(tu)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、穿梭油(you)(you)(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速(su)無(wu)艙蓋集裝(zhuang)箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速(su)水翼客船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海(hai)(hai)上儲(chu)油(you)(you)(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、巨型(xing)油(you)(you)(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和內河(he)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)(bo)等(deng)(deng)；另(ling)外還有與緝私艇(ting)、救生(sheng)艇(ting)、游艇(ting)等(deng)(deng)小(xiao)型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)(bo)艦艇(ting)。

我國(guo)船(chuan)舶工業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)快速(su)發(fa)展，將(jiang)進一步拉動船(chuan)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)(de)(de)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)需(xu)求(qiu)。受船(chuan)舶工作環境的(de)(de)(de)影響，船(chuan)舶上所(suo)使用的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)基(ji)本都是(shi)無(wu)鹵、低煙型、耐鹽堿的(de)(de)(de)特種電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)。在海上平臺作業(ye)中，縱向水(shui)密(mi)封電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、臍帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)將(jiang)會(hui)得到大量(liang)使用。我國(guo)整體的(de)(de)(de)船(chuan)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)行業(ye)受國(guo)內外船(chuan)舶工業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展需(xu)求(qiu)量(liang)也(ye)會(hui)大大增加(jia)；而軍用艦船(chuan)、水(shui)下航行體、魚雷、水(shui)下誘餌、水(shui)下偵察(cha)器的(de)(de)(de)專用電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)和光纖光纜(lan)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)需(xu)求(qiu)也(ye)會(hui)大幅度增加(jia)。除(chu)此之外，船(chuan)舶的(de)(de)(de)維修以及碼(ma)頭等(deng)相關設施的(de)(de)(de)建設也(ye)會(hui)為其他常(chang)用類(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)提供(gong)很大的(de)(de)(de)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)需(xu)求(qiu)空間。