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船用電纜

中文名(ming)

船用電纜

全    稱

船用電力電纜

主要用途

水上建筑的電力照明和(he)一般控制用

執行標準

IEC60092-350

1簡介

船(chuan)用電纜又稱船(chuan)用電力電纜，是一(yi)種用于河海(hai)各種船(chuan)舶及(ji)海(hai)上(shang)石油平臺等(deng)水(shui)上(shang)建筑的(de)電力、照(zhao)明和一(yi)般控制之用的(de)電線電纜。

主要(yao)用(yong)途(tu)：應用(yong)于用(yong)于河海各(ge)種船舶及海上(shang)(shang)石油(you)平臺等水(shui)上(shang)(shang)建筑(zhu)的電力、照明和(he)一般(ban)控制之用(yong)。

執行標準：船用電力(li)電纜的執行標準：IEC60092-350，IEC60092-353或GB9331-88。

船用電力電纜主(zhu)要參(can)數有(you)型號規格、芯數、燃燒特(te)性、額定電壓、溫度、標稱(cheng)截面積等主(zhu)要參(can)數。

2分類

從種類上分，船用電(dian)(dian)纜可分為兩類：民船用電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜、軍艦用電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜。

從(cong)用(yong)途上分(fen)，船(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)可分(fen)為三類：船(chuan)/艦(jian)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、船(chuan)/艦(jian)用(yong)控制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、船(chuan)/艦(jian)用(yong)通訊電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)。其(qi)作用(yong)分(fen)別是：

船(chuan)用(yong)(yong)電力電纜：用(yong)(yong)于河海(hai)各(ge)種(zhong)船(chuan)舶及海(hai)上石油平臺等水上建筑的電力、照明和一(yi)般控制之用(yong)(yong)。

船用控制電纜(lan)：用于河海各種船舶(bo)及海上石油平臺等(deng)水上建筑一(yi)般控制之用。

船用通(tong)信(xin)電纜(lan)：用于各(ge)種傳播通(tong)信(xin)、電子計算機、信(xin)息處理設備中的信(xin)號傳輸和(he)控制(zhi)系統。

3選擇原則

船舶(bo)電力系統中各電纜(lan)的(de)選(xuan)擇步驟和原則

1、根據電纜的用途、敷設位置和工作條(tiao)件(jian)選(xuan)擇合(he)適的電纜型號(hao)。

2、 根據用電(dian)(dian)設備的工作制(zhi)、電(dian)(dian)源種類、電(dian)(dian)纜線芯和負載(zai)電(dian)(dian)流選擇合適的電(dian)(dian)纜截面。

3、根據系統短路(lu)電流計算結果，片斷電纜的短路(lu)容量是否滿足要求。

4、 根據環境溫度對(dui)電(dian)纜的(de)額定載流量進行(xing)修正，然后(hou)再判斷電(dian)纜的(de)允(yun)許電(dian)流是否(fou)大于負載電(dian)流。

5、 根據成(cheng)束敷設修(xiu)正(zheng)系數，對(dui)電纜的額(e)定載流(liu)(liu)量(liang)進行修(xiu)正(zheng)，然后，再(zai)判斷電纜的允(yun)許電流(liu)(liu)是否大于負載電流(liu)(liu)。

6、校核線(xian)路電壓降，判斷線(xian)路電壓降是(shi)否小于(yu)規定值。

7、根(gen)據保(bao)護裝置(zhi)的整定(ding)(ding)值(zhi)，判(pan)斷電(dian)(dian)纜與保(bao)護裝置(zhi)是否(fou)(fou)協(xie)(xie)調(diao)；如果不協(xie)(xie)調(diao)，判(pan)斷是否(fou)(fou)可以改變合適的保(bao)護裝置(zhi)或整定(ding)(ding)值(zhi)，否(fou)(fou)則(ze)應重新選擇合適的電(dian)(dian)纜載面。

船用電纜型號選擇

船用電纜型號(hao)的選(xuan)擇應(ying)考(kao)慮(lv)下述因(yin)素：

1、電(dian)纜的用途———用于動(dong)力、照明(ming)和(he)無線電(dian)通信等。

2、電纜敷設位置———干燥、潮濕(shi)、低溫和是(shi)否要求屏蔽等。

3、工作條件———固定敷設(she)(she)、穿管數設(she)(she)和可移動等。

4發展趨勢

根據(ju)幾年國內外船(chuan)舶工業的發展，預計未來船(chuan)舶市場(chang)需求呈(cheng)現出以大(da)噸位(wei)為主(zhu)，具有(you)高(gao)技(ji)術含量和(he)高(gao)附加值等特點(dian)。

調查顯示，世(shi)界造(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)中(zhong)心正在加速向中(zhong)國轉(zhuan)移。目前(qian)我(wo)(wo)國長三角地區，依(yi)靠其黃金(jin)水(shui)道與(yu)黃金(jin)海岸交匯(hui)的地緣優(you)勢，已經成(cheng)為世(shi)界造(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)業投(tou)資(zi)轉(zhuan)移的集聚區。國際市場受(shou)外部經濟環境(jing)而影(ying)響，與(yu)前(qian)幾(ji)年相比將有短(duan)時(shi)期的低迷。但是國內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)工(gong)業將會持續興旺，受(shou)到我(wo)(wo)國海洋開發戰略實施的影(ying)響，國內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)工(gong)業面(mian)臨巨(ju)大(da)(da)發展(zhan)空間。我(wo)(wo)國能成(cheng)功(gong)制造(zao)的新型(xing)(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)種類(lei)不斷增加，例如：成(cheng)品(pin)油(you)(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、化學品(pin)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海洋工(gong)程船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠洋漁(yu)(yu)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)(da)型(xing)(xing)集裝箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、客滾船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、滾裝船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液(ye)化石油(you)(you)氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液(ye)化天然氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)(da)型(xing)(xing)冷藏船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、散貨(huo)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、漁(yu)(yu)政船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、軍用(yong)(yong)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、自(zi)卸船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)(da)艙(cang)口多用(yong)(yong)途船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、穿梭油(you)(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高(gao)速無艙(cang)蓋集裝箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高(gao)速水(shui)翼(yi)客船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海上儲油(you)(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、巨(ju)型(xing)(xing)油(you)(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和內河船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)等；另外還有與(yu)緝私艇、救生艇、游艇等小型(xing)(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)艦艇。

我國船舶(bo)工業的(de)(de)快速發展(zhan)，將(jiang)進一步拉動(dong)船用電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)需求(qiu)。受(shou)船舶(bo)工作環境的(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)，船舶(bo)上所使用的(de)(de)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)基本都是無(wu)鹵(lu)、低(di)煙型、耐鹽堿的(de)(de)特種(zhong)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)。在(zai)海(hai)上平臺(tai)作業中，縱向水密封(feng)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)、臍帶電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)將(jiang)會(hui)(hui)得到大量使用。我國整體(ti)的(de)(de)船用電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)行(xing)業受(shou)國內外船舶(bo)工業的(de)(de)發展(zhan)需求(qiu)量也(ye)(ye)(ye)會(hui)(hui)大大增加；而(er)軍用艦船、水下航(hang)行(xing)體(ti)、魚(yu)雷(lei)、水下誘餌、水下偵(zhen)察器的(de)(de)專用電(dian)線電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)和光(guang)(guang)纖光(guang)(guang)纜(lan)(lan)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)需求(qiu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)會(hui)(hui)大幅度增加。除此之外，船舶(bo)的(de)(de)維修以及碼(ma)頭等(deng)相關(guan)設施的(de)(de)建設也(ye)(ye)(ye)會(hui)(hui)為其他常用類(lei)電(dian)線電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)提供很大的(de)(de)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)需求(qiu)空間(jian)。