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來(lai)源:行業動(dong)態 閱(yue)讀(du):158156 發(fa)布時間:2019-07-05
日前,國網天津市(shi)電(dian)(dian)力公司提出的“以(yi)電(dian)(dian)供熱”試點(dian)規(gui)劃,被寫(xie)入(ru)天津市(shi)政府(fu)工作報告(gao)(gao),預(yu)示著(zhu)天津市(shi)加熱電(dian)(dian)纜的需求(qiu)量將(jiang)不(bu)斷提高。“推(tui)廣(guang)電(dian)(dian)能替代工程,啟動(dong)以(yi)電(dian)(dian)供熱試點(dian)”被寫(xie)入(ru)天津市(shi)政府(fu)工作報告(gao)(gao),這(zhe)標志著(zhu)天津電(dian)(dian)能替代工作已(yi)進入(ru)政府(fu)主導、系統推(tui)進的新階(jie)段。
當前電能(neng)替(ti)代(dai)技術成(cheng)熟,經(jing)濟優勢明顯,清潔環(huan)保已成(cheng)為(wei)政府和廣(guang)大用戶的共(gong)識。一直以來,北方地區(qu)冬(dong)季(ji)供(gong)熱取(qu)暖主要(yao)是采用燃煤鍋爐,造成(cheng)嚴重大氣污染。如果(guo)采取(qu)電能(neng)替(ti)代(dai),以電能(neng)或(huo)太陽能(neng)代(dai)替(ti)燃煤蒸汽供(gong)熱,不(bu)但供(gong)熱成(cheng)本(ben)大幅(fu)度(du)降低,而且不(bu)會造成(cheng)環(huan)境污染。
在(zai)有些專家看來,電(dian)能作為清(qing)潔能源(yuan)的優(you)勢凸顯,替(ti)代(dai)潛力巨大。4月2日(ri),國家電(dian)網(wang)公(gong)(gong)司(si)召開了(le)2015年電(dian)能替(ti)代(dai)工作推(tui)進會,發(fa)布了(le)《國家電(dian)網(wang)公(gong)(gong)司(si)2015年全(quan)面深(shen)入(ru)推(tui)進電(dian)能替(ti)代(dai)行動計劃(hua)》,提(ti)出了(le)確保全(quan)年完成(cheng)650億千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)時、力爭實現750億千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)時替(ti)代(dai)電(dian)量(liang)。
據了解,今年國家電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網公司將(jiang)著力(li)鞏固擴(kuo)大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)窯爐(lu)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鍋爐(lu)、熱(re)泵等(deng)成熟項(xiang)目(mu)的實施范圍,因地制宜拓展(zhan)新(xin)領域、推廣(guang)(guang)新(xin)技術(shu),除在港口地區推廣(guang)(guang)岸(an)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)替代(通過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜將(jiang)船舶用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)與(yu)岸(an)上電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源連接,在船舶靠岸(an)期(qi)間(jian)采用陸(lu)地電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian))外,還將(jiang)對(dui)居民區、學校等(deng)用戶推廣(guang)(guang)碳(tan)晶、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熱(re)膜、發熱(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜等(deng)技術(shu),在企(qi)事業(ye)單位食堂推廣(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁灶、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)蒸(zheng)鍋,在油田推廣(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)鉆機(ji),在油氣輸送管線推廣(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)加壓等(deng)。
從消(xiao)費端來看,各地主要(yao)通(tong)過(guo)以(yi)(yi)電(dian)(dian)代煤(mei)(mei)、以(yi)(yi)電(dian)(dian)代油來促進節能(neng)減排。北京市城(cheng)六區(qu)基本取消(xiao)燃煤(mei)(mei)鍋爐(lu),農村地區(qu)新增減煤(mei)(mei)換煤(mei)(mei)120萬噸。河北省提出大幅(fu)壓減煤(mei)(mei)炭(tan)用(yong)量,實施煤(mei)(mei)電(dian)(dian)節能(neng)減排升級改造行動(dong)計劃。在歐美發達國家,電(dian)(dian)采暖(nuan)普(pu)及率非常(chang)高(gao),美國80%的(de)城(cheng)市實行電(dian)(dian)采暖(nuan),加拿大、德國、法國等電(dian)(dian)采暖(nuan)比例均在50%以(yi)(yi)上。
有(you)專家分析認為,國(guo)內大(da)力開(kai)展電(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)替(ti)代(dai),能(neng)(neng)有(you)效緩解電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)過(guo)剩(sheng)帶(dai)來的(de)(de)巨大(da)壓力。國(guo)內電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)行業(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)過(guo)剩(sheng)以及設備過(guo)剩(sheng)是不(bu)爭的(de)(de)事實,產(chan)(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)過(guo)剩(sheng)意(yi)味著供大(da)于求,意(yi)味著惡性競爭;而(er)(er)設備過(guo)剩(sheng)又反映出開(kai)工率(lv)不(bu)足(zu)。事實上(shang),僅次(ci)于汽車(che)制造業(ye)的(de)(de)第二大(da)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)行業(ye)在贏得“全球第一”之后,卻因(yin)蜂擁而(er)(er)上(shang)深(shen)陷“紅海”的(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)嚴重(zhong)過(guo)剩(sheng)之中。不(bu)足(zu)四成的(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)開(kai)工率(lv)還不(bu)到歐美同期一半,連續萎(wei)靡的(de)(de)虧損包袱成為不(bu)少上(shang)市公司不(bu)能(neng)(neng)承受之重(zhong),欲(yu)剝離減負。
近來研(yan)發成(cheng)功的碳纖維加熱電(dian)(dian)纜,將加熱電(dian)(dian)纜系(xi)統的應(ying)用推向了技術創(chuang)新階段。推行“以電(dian)(dian)供熱”的應(ying)用,廣(guang)泛涉及千家萬戶。例如在住宅內部,可實現墻壁、地(di)板、空間加熱。其中,僅墻壁和地(di)板加熱系(xi)統,就需(xu)要大量加熱電(dian)(dian)纜。此外,根據外國經驗,道(dao)路和機場融雪加熱,也普遍首(shou)選加熱電(dian)(dian)纜系(xi)統。
電(dian)采(cai)暖相比燃(ran)煤采(cai)暖優勢比較(jiao)明顯(xian)。當(dang)前,國內電(dian)力(li)供需矛(mao)盾將(jiang)日趨緩和,2006年中國電(dian)力(li)供需基本平衡(heng)。從2007年開始(shi),一(yi)部分煤炭(tan)(tan)產(chan)地為降(jiang)低煤炭(tan)(tan)運(yun)輸(shu)成本,大力(li)發展(zhan)火力(li)發電(dian),變煤炭(tan)(tan)運(yun)輸(shu)為電(dian)力(li)輸(shu)送,并且(qie)國家正在大力(li)發展(zhan)風(feng)力(li)發電(dian)、太陽能發電(dian)、水(shui)力(li)發電(dian)、核電(dian)等(deng),電(dian)力(li)已(yi)出現(xian)冬(dong)季過剩(sheng)現(xian)象,這就(jiu)為電(dian)采(cai)暖提供了足夠空(kong)間。
據相關(guan)統計數(shu)字表明(ming),我國地(di)面輻射(she)采暖市場在2010年底已達千億元(yuan),其中技術成熟的低(di)溫(wen)熱水輻射(she)采暖和(he)散熱片(pian)采暖占(zhan)據70%以上的市場份(fen)額(e)(e)。電采暖雖(sui)處于(yu)起步階段,但也占(zhan)據了25%左右(you)的市場份(fen)額(e)(e),并且保持(chi)持(chi)續上升的趨(qu)勢。
如(ru)今,全國(guo)各地針對(dui)電(dian)采暖(nuan)紛紛出臺(tai)優惠政策,這(zhe)(zhe)從(cong)側(ce)面(mian)展現出了電(dian)采暖(nuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)巨大潛力,也為(wei)(wei)(wei)碳纖維發(fa)熱電(dian)纜的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展提供(gong)(gong)了無限(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)可能(neng)性。就目前各個(ge)(ge)集中供(gong)(gong)暖(nuan)區域推(tui)出的(de)(de)(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)暖(nuan)政策來(lai)看,煤炭(tan)供(gong)(gong)熱的(de)(de)(de)(de)時代(dai)正在(zai)成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)歷(li)史。而新型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)環保節能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)采暖(nuan)方式正在(zai)占領市(shi)場,其(qi)中電(dian)采暖(nuan)以(yi)其(qi)成(cheng)熟的(de)(de)(de)(de)行業(ye)體系和卓越的(de)(de)(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)暖(nuan)效果正在(zai)不斷受到重視。這(zhe)(zhe)為(wei)(wei)(wei)正處于產能(neng)過(guo)剩的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)纜產業(ye)開辟了一個(ge)(ge)新的(de)(de)(de)(de)市(shi)場。