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船用電纜

中文名

船用電纜

全    稱

船用電力電纜

主要用途

水(shui)上(shang)建(jian)筑的電力照明和(he)一般控制用

執行標準

IEC60092-350

1簡介

船(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)又稱船(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)，是一(yi)種用(yong)于河海(hai)各種船(chuan)舶及(ji)海(hai)上石油平臺等水上建筑的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)、照明和一(yi)般(ban)控制之用(yong)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)。

主要用(yong)(yong)途：應(ying)用(yong)(yong)于用(yong)(yong)于河(he)海各種船舶(bo)及海上石(shi)油平臺(tai)等水上建筑的電力、照(zhao)明和一般控制之用(yong)(yong)。

執行(xing)標(biao)準(zhun)：船用(yong)電力電纜的執行(xing)標(biao)準(zhun)：IEC60092-350，IEC60092-353或GB9331-88。

船用(yong)電力(li)電纜主要參數有型號規(gui)格、芯數、燃(ran)燒特性、額定電壓、溫度、標稱截面積(ji)等(deng)主要參數。

2分類

從種類(lei)上(shang)分(fen)，船用(yong)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)可分(fen)為兩類(lei)：民(min)船用(yong)電(dian)線(xian)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)、軍艦用(yong)電(dian)線(xian)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)。

從用(yong)(yong)途上分(fen)(fen)(fen)，船(chuan)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)可分(fen)(fen)(fen)為三類(lei)：船(chuan)/艦(jian)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)、船(chuan)/艦(jian)用(yong)(yong)控(kong)制電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)、船(chuan)/艦(jian)用(yong)(yong)通訊電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)。其作用(yong)(yong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)別是：

船用(yong)電力電纜：用(yong)于河海(hai)各(ge)種船舶及海(hai)上(shang)石油平臺等(deng)水上(shang)建筑的電力、照明和一(yi)般(ban)控制(zhi)之用(yong)。

船用控(kong)制電纜：用于河海(hai)各種船舶及海(hai)上(shang)石油平(ping)臺等(deng)水上(shang)建筑一般控(kong)制之(zhi)用。

船用(yong)通信(xin)電(dian)纜(lan)：用(yong)于(yu)各(ge)種傳(chuan)播通信(xin)、電(dian)子(zi)計算機、信(xin)息處(chu)理設(she)備中的信(xin)號傳(chuan)輸和控制系(xi)統。

3選擇原則

船(chuan)舶電力(li)系統中各(ge)電纜的(de)選擇(ze)步驟和原(yuan)則

1、根據電纜的(de)用途(tu)、敷設(she)位置和工作條件選(xuan)擇合適的(de)電纜型號(hao)。

2、 根(gen)據用電(dian)設備的工(gong)作制(zhi)、電(dian)源種類(lei)、電(dian)纜線芯(xin)和負(fu)載電(dian)流(liu)選擇合適(shi)的電(dian)纜截面(mian)。

3、根(gen)據系統短(duan)路電流計算結果，片斷電纜的短(duan)路容量是(shi)否滿足要求。

4、 根據環境溫(wen)度對電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)額定載流量進行修(xiu)正(zheng)，然后(hou)再判斷電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)允(yun)許電(dian)(dian)流是否大于(yu)負載電(dian)(dian)流。

5、 根據成束敷設(she)修正(zheng)(zheng)系數，對電(dian)纜(lan)的(de)額定載流量進(jin)行修正(zheng)(zheng)，然后，再(zai)判斷電(dian)纜(lan)的(de)允許電(dian)流是(shi)否大于負載電(dian)流。

6、校核線路電壓降(jiang)，判斷線路電壓降(jiang)是否小于規定值。

7、根據保護(hu)裝置(zhi)的整定(ding)(ding)值，判(pan)(pan)斷電纜(lan)與(yu)保護(hu)裝置(zhi)是否(fou)協調；如果不協調，判(pan)(pan)斷是否(fou)可(ke)以改變合適的保護(hu)裝置(zhi)或整定(ding)(ding)值，否(fou)則應重新(xin)選擇(ze)合適的電纜(lan)載(zai)面。

船用電纜型號選擇

船(chuan)用電纜(lan)型號的選擇應(ying)考慮(lv)下述(shu)因素：

1、電纜的(de)用(yong)途———用(yong)于動力、照明和無線電通信等。

2、電纜敷設位(wei)置(zhi)———干燥(zao)、潮濕(shi)、低溫和是否要(yao)求屏蔽等。

3、工作條件———固定敷設、穿管數(shu)設和可移動等。

4發展趨勢

根(gen)據(ju)幾年國內外船舶工業的發展，預計未來(lai)船舶市場需求呈現出以大(da)噸位(wei)為主，具有(you)高(gao)技術(shu)含量和高(gao)附加值等特點(dian)。

調查顯示，世界造(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)中心正在加速(su)(su)向(xiang)中國(guo)(guo)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)移(yi)。目前(qian)我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)長(chang)三角(jiao)地區，依靠其黃(huang)金(jin)水道與(yu)(yu)黃(huang)金(jin)海岸(an)交(jiao)匯的(de)地緣優勢，已經成為(wei)世界造(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)業投資轉(zhuan)(zhuan)移(yi)的(de)集聚區。國(guo)(guo)際市場受外部經濟環(huan)境而影響(xiang)，與(yu)(yu)前(qian)幾年相比將(jiang)(jiang)有短時期的(de)低迷。但是國(guo)(guo)內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)工(gong)(gong)業將(jiang)(jiang)會持續興(xing)旺，受到我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)海洋(yang)開發(fa)戰(zhan)略實施(shi)的(de)影響(xiang)，國(guo)(guo)內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)工(gong)(gong)業面(mian)臨巨(ju)(ju)大(da)(da)發(fa)展(zhan)空間。我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)能成功(gong)制造(zao)的(de)新型(xing)(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)種(zhong)類不(bu)斷增加，例(li)如：成品(pin)油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、化(hua)學品(pin)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海洋(yang)工(gong)(gong)程船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠洋(yang)漁(yu)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)(da)型(xing)(xing)集裝箱(xiang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、客(ke)滾船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、滾裝船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化(hua)石油(you)氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化(hua)天然(ran)氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)(da)型(xing)(xing)冷藏船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、散(san)貨(huo)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、漁(yu)政船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、軍用(yong)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、自卸船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)(da)艙口多用(yong)途船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、穿梭(suo)油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速(su)(su)無(wu)艙蓋集裝箱(xiang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速(su)(su)水翼(yi)客(ke)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海上儲油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、巨(ju)(ju)型(xing)(xing)油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和內河船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)等；另外還有與(yu)(yu)緝私艇(ting)、救生艇(ting)、游艇(ting)等小型(xing)(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)艦艇(ting)。

我國(guo)船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工業的(de)(de)快(kuai)速發(fa)展(zhan)，將進一步(bu)拉動船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)需求。受船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工作(zuo)環境的(de)(de)影響(xiang)，船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)上(shang)所(suo)使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)基(ji)本(ben)都(dou)是(shi)無鹵(lu)、低(di)煙型、耐(nai)鹽堿的(de)(de)特種電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)。在(zai)海上(shang)平臺作(zuo)業中，縱向(xiang)水密封電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)、臍帶電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)將會得到大(da)(da)量(liang)使(shi)用(yong)。我國(guo)整(zheng)體的(de)(de)船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)行業受國(guo)內外船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工業的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)需求量(liang)也會大(da)(da)大(da)(da)增加(jia)；而軍用(yong)艦船(chuan)(chuan)、水下(xia)航(hang)行體、魚雷、水下(xia)誘餌(er)、水下(xia)偵(zhen)察器(qi)的(de)(de)專用(yong)電(dian)線電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)和(he)光纖光纜(lan)(lan)(lan)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)需求也會大(da)(da)幅度增加(jia)。除此之外，船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)的(de)(de)維(wei)修以(yi)及碼頭(tou)等相(xiang)關設施的(de)(de)建設也會為其他(ta)常用(yong)類電(dian)線電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)提供很大(da)(da)的(de)(de)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)需求空間。