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船用電纜

中文名

船用電纜

全    稱

船用電力電纜

主要用途

水上建筑的電(dian)力照明和(he)一般控(kong)制用

執行標準

IEC60092-350

1簡介

船(chuan)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)又稱(cheng)船(chuan)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)，是一種用(yong)(yong)于(yu)河海(hai)各種船(chuan)舶(bo)及海(hai)上(shang)石(shi)油平臺(tai)等水上(shang)建筑的電(dian)(dian)力、照明和一般控(kong)制之(zhi)用(yong)(yong)的電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)。

主要用(yong)途：應用(yong)于用(yong)于河海(hai)各種船(chuan)舶及海(hai)上石油(you)平(ping)臺等(deng)水上建筑的電力、照明和(he)一般控(kong)制之用(yong)。

執(zhi)行標準：船用電力電纜(lan)的執(zhi)行標準：IEC60092-350，IEC60092-353或GB9331-88。

船(chuan)用電(dian)力電(dian)纜主(zhu)要參數有型號規格、芯數、燃燒特性、額(e)定(ding)電(dian)壓、溫度、標(biao)稱截(jie)面(mian)積等(deng)主(zhu)要參數。

2分類

從種類上分，船用(yong)(yong)電(dian)纜(lan)可分為兩(liang)類：民船用(yong)(yong)電(dian)線(xian)電(dian)纜(lan)、軍艦用(yong)(yong)電(dian)線(xian)電(dian)纜(lan)。

從用(yong)途上分，船用(yong)電(dian)纜(lan)可分為(wei)三類：船/艦用(yong)電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)、船/艦用(yong)控制電(dian)纜(lan)、船/艦用(yong)通訊電(dian)纜(lan)。其(qi)作用(yong)分別是：

船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)電力電纜：用(yong)于(yu)河海各種船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)及海上石油(you)平臺等水上建筑的(de)電力、照明和一(yi)般控制之(zhi)用(yong)。

船用控(kong)制(zhi)電纜：用于河(he)海(hai)各種船舶(bo)及海(hai)上石油(you)平臺(tai)等水(shui)上建筑一般控(kong)制(zhi)之用。

船用通信(xin)電纜：用于各種(zhong)傳(chuan)(chuan)播通信(xin)、電子計(ji)算機(ji)、信(xin)息處理設備中的信(xin)號(hao)傳(chuan)(chuan)輸和控(kong)制系統。

3選擇原則

船舶電力系統中各電纜的選擇步驟(zou)和原則

1、根據電(dian)纜的用(yong)途、敷設位置和工作條件選擇(ze)合適的電(dian)纜型號。

2、 根據(ju)用電(dian)(dian)設備的(de)工作制、電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)種類(lei)、電(dian)(dian)纜線芯(xin)和(he)負載(zai)電(dian)(dian)流選擇(ze)合適的(de)電(dian)(dian)纜截面。

3、根據系(xi)統短路電流計算結果，片斷電纜的短路容量是否(fou)滿足(zu)要求。

4、 根據環境溫度對電纜的額定(ding)載(zai)流(liu)量進行修正，然后再判斷電纜的允許電流(liu)是否(fou)大于負載(zai)電流(liu)。

5、 根據成束敷(fu)設修正系數(shu)，對(dui)電纜的額定載流(liu)(liu)量進(jin)行修正，然后，再(zai)判斷電纜的允許電流(liu)(liu)是否大于負(fu)載電流(liu)(liu)。

6、校核線(xian)路(lu)電壓降(jiang)，判斷線(xian)路(lu)電壓降(jiang)是(shi)否小于(yu)規定值(zhi)。

7、根據(ju)保護(hu)(hu)裝(zhuang)置的整定值，判斷電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)與保護(hu)(hu)裝(zhuang)置是否協調；如果不協調，判斷是否可以改(gai)變合適(shi)的保護(hu)(hu)裝(zhuang)置或(huo)整定值，否則應重新選擇(ze)合適(shi)的電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)載面。

船用電纜型號選擇

船用電纜型號的選擇應(ying)考慮下述因素(su)：

1、電(dian)纜的用途———用于動力(li)、照明和無線電(dian)通信等。

2、電纜敷設位(wei)置———干燥、潮濕、低溫和是否要求(qiu)屏蔽等。

3、工作條件(jian)———固定(ding)敷設、穿管(guan)數(shu)設和可移動等。

4發展趨勢

根據(ju)幾年(nian)國內外船舶工(gong)業的發展，預計未來船舶市場需求(qiu)呈現出以大噸(dun)位為主，具有高技(ji)術含(han)量和高附加值等特點。

調(diao)查顯(xian)示，世(shi)界造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)中心(xin)正在加速向中國(guo)(guo)轉移(yi)。目前我(wo)國(guo)(guo)長三角(jiao)地區(qu)，依靠(kao)其黃金(jin)水道(dao)與黃金(jin)海(hai)岸交(jiao)匯的地緣(yuan)優勢，已經成(cheng)為世(shi)界造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)業投資轉移(yi)的集(ji)(ji)(ji)聚(ju)區(qu)。國(guo)(guo)際市場受(shou)外(wai)部經濟環境而(er)影響，與前幾年(nian)相比將有短時期的低(di)迷。但是國(guo)(guo)內(nei)(nei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)業將會持續興旺，受(shou)到我(wo)國(guo)(guo)海(hai)洋(yang)開發(fa)戰(zhan)略實(shi)施(shi)的影響，國(guo)(guo)內(nei)(nei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)業面(mian)臨巨大(da)發(fa)展(zhan)空(kong)間。我(wo)國(guo)(guo)能成(cheng)功制(zhi)造的新(xin)型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)種(zhong)類不斷(duan)增加，例如：成(cheng)品油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、化(hua)學品船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海(hai)洋(yang)工(gong)程(cheng)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠洋(yang)漁船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)型(xing)集(ji)(ji)(ji)裝(zhuang)箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、客(ke)滾(gun)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、滾(gun)裝(zhuang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化(hua)石油氣(qi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化(hua)天(tian)然(ran)氣(qi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)型(xing)冷藏船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、散貨船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、漁政(zheng)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、軍(jun)用船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、自(zi)卸船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)艙(cang)口多用途船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、穿梭(suo)油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高(gao)速無艙(cang)蓋集(ji)(ji)(ji)裝(zhuang)箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高(gao)速水翼客(ke)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海(hai)上(shang)儲(chu)油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、巨型(xing)油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和內(nei)(nei)河船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)等；另外(wai)還有與緝私艇、救(jiu)生艇、游艇等小型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)艦艇。

我國(guo)(guo)船(chuan)(chuan)舶工(gong)業的(de)(de)快(kuai)速發(fa)展(zhan)，將(jiang)進(jin)一步拉動船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)(de)市場需求。受船(chuan)(chuan)舶工(gong)作環境的(de)(de)影響，船(chuan)(chuan)舶上所使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)基本都是(shi)無鹵、低煙(yan)型、耐鹽(yan)堿(jian)的(de)(de)特(te)種電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)。在(zai)海上平臺作業中(zhong)，縱(zong)向水(shui)密(mi)封電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、臍帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)將(jiang)會得到(dao)大(da)量(liang)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。我國(guo)(guo)整(zheng)體的(de)(de)船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)行業受國(guo)(guo)內外(wai)船(chuan)(chuan)舶工(gong)業的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)需求量(liang)也會大(da)大(da)增(zeng)加；而軍用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)艦(jian)船(chuan)(chuan)、水(shui)下(xia)航(hang)行體、魚(yu)雷(lei)、水(shui)下(xia)誘餌(er)、水(shui)下(xia)偵(zhen)察器的(de)(de)專(zhuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)和光(guang)纖光(guang)纜(lan)市場需求也會大(da)幅度(du)增(zeng)加。除此之外(wai)，船(chuan)(chuan)舶的(de)(de)維修以及碼(ma)頭等(deng)相關(guan)設施的(de)(de)建設也會為其他(ta)常用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)類電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)提供很大(da)的(de)(de)市場需求空間。