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船用電纜

中文名

船用電纜

全    稱

船用電力電纜

主要用途

水上建(jian)筑的電力照明和一般控制用(yong)

執行標準

IEC60092-350

1簡介

船用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)又稱(cheng)船用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)，是一種用(yong)于河海(hai)各種船舶及海(hai)上石油平(ping)臺等水上建(jian)筑(zhu)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力、照明和一般控(kong)制之用(yong)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)。

主要用(yong)途：應用(yong)于(yu)用(yong)于(yu)河海各種船舶及海上(shang)石油平臺等水上(shang)建筑的電力、照明和一般控制之用(yong)。

執行(xing)標準：船用電(dian)力電(dian)纜的(de)執行(xing)標準：IEC60092-350，IEC60092-353或GB9331-88。

船(chuan)用電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)纜主(zhu)要參(can)數(shu)有型號規格(ge)、芯(xin)數(shu)、燃燒(shao)特性、額定電(dian)(dian)壓、溫度、標稱截(jie)面積等主(zhu)要參(can)數(shu)。

2分類

從種類(lei)上分，船用(yong)(yong)電(dian)纜可(ke)分為兩類(lei)：民船用(yong)(yong)電(dian)線電(dian)纜、軍(jun)艦用(yong)(yong)電(dian)線電(dian)纜。

從用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)途上分(fen)(fen)，船用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)纜(lan)可分(fen)(fen)為(wei)三類：船/艦(jian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)、船/艦(jian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)控制電(dian)纜(lan)、船/艦(jian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)通訊電(dian)纜(lan)。其作用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)分(fen)(fen)別是：

船用電力電纜：用于(yu)河海各(ge)種船舶及(ji)海上石(shi)油平臺等水上建筑的電力、照明和一般控制之用。

船用(yong)控制電纜(lan)：用(yong)于河海(hai)(hai)各種船舶及海(hai)(hai)上石油平(ping)臺等水上建筑一(yi)般控制之用(yong)。

船用通(tong)信(xin)電纜：用于各種(zhong)傳播(bo)通(tong)信(xin)、電子計(ji)算(suan)機、信(xin)息處理(li)設備(bei)中的(de)信(xin)號傳輸和控制系統。

3選擇原則

船舶(bo)電(dian)力系(xi)統(tong)中(zhong)各電(dian)纜(lan)的選擇步(bu)驟(zou)和原則(ze)

1、根(gen)據電(dian)纜的(de)用途(tu)、敷設位置和工作條(tiao)件選擇合適的(de)電(dian)纜型號。

2、 根據用電(dian)設備的(de)工作(zuo)制、電(dian)源種類、電(dian)纜線芯和(he)負載電(dian)流(liu)選(xuan)擇合適(shi)的(de)電(dian)纜截面。

3、根據系統短(duan)路電流(liu)計算結果，片斷電纜的短(duan)路容量是(shi)否(fou)滿足要(yao)求。

4、 根(gen)據環(huan)境溫(wen)度對電纜(lan)的額定載(zai)流(liu)量進行(xing)修正，然后再判斷電纜(lan)的允許(xu)電流(liu)是否大于負載(zai)電流(liu)。

5、 根(gen)據成束敷(fu)設修正系數，對電纜的(de)額(e)定(ding)載(zai)流(liu)量進行修正，然(ran)后，再判斷電纜的(de)允(yun)許電流(liu)是否大于負載(zai)電流(liu)。

6、校核線(xian)路電(dian)壓(ya)降，判斷線(xian)路電(dian)壓(ya)降是否(fou)小于規定值。

7、根據保(bao)護裝置(zhi)的整定(ding)值，判斷電纜與保(bao)護裝置(zhi)是否(fou)協調；如果不協調，判斷是否(fou)可以改變(bian)合(he)適(shi)的保(bao)護裝置(zhi)或整定(ding)值，否(fou)則應重新選擇合(he)適(shi)的電纜載(zai)面。

船用電纜型號選擇

船用電(dian)纜型號(hao)的選擇應考慮下述(shu)因素：

1、電纜(lan)的用(yong)途———用(yong)于動(dong)力、照明和無線電通信等。

2、電纜敷設位置———干燥(zao)、潮(chao)濕、低(di)溫和是否要求屏蔽等。

3、工作條件———固定敷(fu)設、穿管(guan)數設和(he)可(ke)移動等(deng)。

4發展趨勢

根據幾年(nian)國(guo)內外船(chuan)舶工業的發展，預計(ji)未(wei)來船(chuan)舶市場需求呈(cheng)現出(chu)以大噸位為主，具(ju)有高技術含量(liang)和高附加值等特(te)點。

調查顯示，世界(jie)(jie)造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)中心(xin)正在加速(su)向中國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)轉(zhuan)移。目(mu)前我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)長三角地區(qu)(qu)，依靠(kao)其(qi)黃金水道(dao)與黃金海(hai)(hai)岸交匯的(de)(de)地緣優勢，已經成為世界(jie)(jie)造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)業(ye)投資(zi)轉(zhuan)移的(de)(de)集(ji)聚區(qu)(qu)。國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際市場受外部經濟環境(jing)而(er)影(ying)響(xiang)，與前幾(ji)年相(xiang)比將(jiang)有(you)短(duan)時(shi)期的(de)(de)低迷。但是國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶工業(ye)將(jiang)會持續興旺，受到我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)海(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)開(kai)發戰略實施的(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)，國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶工業(ye)面(mian)臨巨大(da)發展空間(jian)。我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)能成功制造的(de)(de)新型船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶種(zhong)類不(bu)斷增加，例(li)如：成品(pin)油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、化(hua)學品(pin)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)工程(cheng)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠洋(yang)(yang)漁(yu)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)型集(ji)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、客(ke)(ke)滾船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、滾裝(zhuang)(zhuang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化(hua)石油(you)氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化(hua)天然(ran)氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)型冷藏(zang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、散(san)貨船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、漁(yu)政船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、軍(jun)用(yong)(yong)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、自(zi)卸船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)艙(cang)口多用(yong)(yong)途船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、穿梭油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速(su)無艙(cang)蓋集(ji)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速(su)水翼(yi)客(ke)(ke)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海(hai)(hai)上儲油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、巨型油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和內河(he)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶等；另(ling)外還有(you)與緝(ji)私(si)艇、救(jiu)生艇、游艇等小(xiao)型船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶艦艇。

我(wo)國(guo)(guo)船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)業的(de)(de)(de)快(kuai)速發(fa)展，將進一步拉動船(chuan)(chuan)用電(dian)(dian)纜的(de)(de)(de)市場需(xu)求。受(shou)船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)作環(huan)境的(de)(de)(de)影響，船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)上所使用的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)纜基本都是無鹵、低煙型、耐鹽堿(jian)的(de)(de)(de)特種電(dian)(dian)纜。在海上平臺(tai)作業中，縱向水(shui)密封電(dian)(dian)纜、臍帶電(dian)(dian)纜將會(hui)得(de)到大(da)(da)(da)量使用。我(wo)國(guo)(guo)整體的(de)(de)(de)船(chuan)(chuan)用電(dian)(dian)纜行(xing)業受(shou)國(guo)(guo)內(nei)外(wai)船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)業的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展需(xu)求量也(ye)會(hui)大(da)(da)(da)大(da)(da)(da)增加(jia)；而軍用艦船(chuan)(chuan)、水(shui)下航行(xing)體、魚雷、水(shui)下誘餌、水(shui)下偵察器的(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)用電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜和光纖(xian)光纜市場需(xu)求也(ye)會(hui)大(da)(da)(da)幅度增加(jia)。除此之外(wai)，船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)的(de)(de)(de)維修以及碼頭等相(xiang)關設施的(de)(de)(de)建設也(ye)會(hui)為(wei)其他常(chang)用類電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜提供很大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)市場需(xu)求空間。