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船用電纜

中文名

船用電纜

全    稱

船用電力電纜

主要用途

水上建筑(zhu)的電力照明(ming)和一般控制用

執行標準

IEC60092-350

1簡介

船用(yong)電(dian)纜又稱船用(yong)電(dian)力電(dian)纜，是一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)用(yong)于河海(hai)各種(zhong)(zhong)船舶(bo)及(ji)海(hai)上(shang)石油平臺(tai)等水上(shang)建筑的電(dian)力、照(zhao)明和一(yi)般控制(zhi)之用(yong)的電(dian)線電(dian)纜。

主要(yao)用(yong)途(tu)：應(ying)用(yong)于(yu)用(yong)于(yu)河海(hai)各種船舶及海(hai)上石油(you)平臺等水上建筑的電力、照明和(he)一般控(kong)制之用(yong)。

執行標(biao)準(zhun)：船用電力電纜的(de)執行標(biao)準(zhun)：IEC60092-350，IEC60092-353或GB9331-88。

船用(yong)電力電纜(lan)主(zhu)要參數有型號(hao)規格、芯數、燃燒特(te)性、額定電壓(ya)、溫度、標(biao)稱(cheng)截面積等主(zhu)要參數。

2分類

從種類上分(fen)，船用電纜可(ke)分(fen)為兩類：民船用電線電纜、軍艦用電線電纜。

從用(yong)(yong)(yong)途(tu)上分(fen)，船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)可分(fen)為(wei)三類：船(chuan)(chuan)/艦(jian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)、船(chuan)(chuan)/艦(jian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)控制電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)、船(chuan)(chuan)/艦(jian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)通訊電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)。其(qi)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)分(fen)別是：

船用電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)：用于河(he)海(hai)各種船舶及海(hai)上(shang)石油平臺等(deng)水上(shang)建筑的電(dian)力、照明和(he)一般控(kong)制之(zhi)用。

船用(yong)控制電纜(lan)：用(yong)于(yu)河海各種船舶及海上石油平臺(tai)等水上建筑一般控制之(zhi)用(yong)。

船(chuan)用(yong)通(tong)信(xin)電纜：用(yong)于各(ge)種(zhong)傳播(bo)通(tong)信(xin)、電子計算(suan)機、信(xin)息(xi)處理設備中的信(xin)號傳輸和控制系統。

3選擇原則

船舶電力系統中各電纜的選擇(ze)步驟和(he)原則

1、根據(ju)電纜的(de)用途(tu)、敷設位置和工作條件(jian)選(xuan)擇合適的(de)電纜型號。

2、 根據用電(dian)設備(bei)的工作制、電(dian)源種類、電(dian)纜線(xian)芯(xin)和(he)負載電(dian)流選擇(ze)合適的電(dian)纜截(jie)面。

3、根(gen)據系統短路(lu)電流(liu)計(ji)算(suan)結(jie)果，片斷電纜的短路(lu)容量是否滿足要(yao)求。

4、 根據環境溫度對電(dian)(dian)纜的額(e)定載(zai)流量進行(xing)修(xiu)正(zheng)，然后(hou)再判斷電(dian)(dian)纜的允許電(dian)(dian)流是否大于負載(zai)電(dian)(dian)流。

5、 根據成束敷設修正(zheng)系數(shu)，對電(dian)纜的(de)額定載流量進行修正(zheng)，然后，再(zai)判斷電(dian)纜的(de)允許電(dian)流是否大于負載電(dian)流。

6、校核線路(lu)電壓(ya)降，判斷線路(lu)電壓(ya)降是(shi)否小于規定(ding)值。

7、根據保護裝置(zhi)(zhi)的(de)整定(ding)(ding)值(zhi)，判斷(duan)電纜與(yu)保護裝置(zhi)(zhi)是否協調(diao)；如果不(bu)協調(diao)，判斷(duan)是否可(ke)以改變(bian)合適的(de)保護裝置(zhi)(zhi)或(huo)整定(ding)(ding)值(zhi)，否則應重新(xin)選擇合適的(de)電纜載(zai)面。

船用電纜型號選擇

船用電(dian)纜型號的選(xuan)擇應考慮下述因(yin)素：

1、電(dian)纜的用(yong)途———用(yong)于動(dong)力、照明和無線電(dian)通信(xin)等。

2、電纜敷設位置———干燥、潮濕、低溫和是(shi)否要求屏蔽等。

3、工(gong)作(zuo)條件(jian)———固定敷設(she)、穿管(guan)數設(she)和可移動等。

4發展趨勢

根(gen)據幾年(nian)國內(nei)外船舶工業(ye)的(de)發展(zhan)，預計未來船舶市場需(xu)求呈現出以大噸位(wei)為主(zhu)，具有高(gao)(gao)技(ji)術含(han)量和高(gao)(gao)附加(jia)值等特點。

調查顯示，世(shi)界造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)中(zhong)心正在加(jia)速(su)向中(zhong)國轉移。目前我國長(chang)三角地區，依靠其(qi)黃金(jin)水(shui)(shui)道與(yu)黃金(jin)海岸交(jiao)匯(hui)的地緣優勢(shi)，已經成為(wei)世(shi)界造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)業(ye)投資(zi)轉移的集(ji)(ji)聚區。國際市場受(shou)外部(bu)經濟(ji)環境而影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)，與(yu)前幾(ji)年相比將(jiang)(jiang)有短時期(qi)的低迷。但是國內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工業(ye)將(jiang)(jiang)會持續興(xing)旺(wang)，受(shou)到我國海洋(yang)(yang)開發戰略(lve)實施的影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)，國內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工業(ye)面臨巨(ju)大發展空(kong)間。我國能成功制造的新型船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)種類不斷增(zeng)加(jia)，例如：成品油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、化(hua)學品船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海洋(yang)(yang)工程船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠洋(yang)(yang)漁(yu)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大型集(ji)(ji)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)箱(xiang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、客(ke)滾船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、滾裝(zhuang)(zhuang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化(hua)石(shi)油氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化(hua)天然氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大型冷藏(zang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、散貨船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、漁(yu)政船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、軍用船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、自卸船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大艙口多用途船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、穿梭油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高(gao)速(su)無(wu)艙蓋(gai)集(ji)(ji)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)箱(xiang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高(gao)速(su)水(shui)(shui)翼客(ke)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海上儲油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、巨(ju)型油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和內河(he)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)等；另外還有與(yu)緝私艇(ting)、救(jiu)生艇(ting)、游艇(ting)等小型船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)艦(jian)艇(ting)。

我國(guo)(guo)船(chuan)(chuan)舶工(gong)業的(de)(de)快(kuai)速發展，將進一步拉(la)動船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)電纜(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)市場需(xu)求(qiu)。受(shou)船(chuan)(chuan)舶工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)環境的(de)(de)影響，船(chuan)(chuan)舶上所使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)電纜(lan)(lan)基本都是(shi)無(wu)鹵、低煙型(xing)、耐鹽(yan)堿的(de)(de)特種(zhong)電纜(lan)(lan)。在海上平臺(tai)作(zuo)(zuo)業中，縱向(xiang)水(shui)密封電纜(lan)(lan)、臍(qi)帶電纜(lan)(lan)將會得(de)到大(da)(da)量使(shi)用(yong)。我國(guo)(guo)整體的(de)(de)船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)電纜(lan)(lan)行業受(shou)國(guo)(guo)內外船(chuan)(chuan)舶工(gong)業的(de)(de)發展需(xu)求(qiu)量也(ye)會大(da)(da)大(da)(da)增加；而軍(jun)用(yong)艦船(chuan)(chuan)、水(shui)下(xia)(xia)航行體、魚雷、水(shui)下(xia)(xia)誘(you)餌、水(shui)下(xia)(xia)偵察器的(de)(de)專用(yong)電線電纜(lan)(lan)和光(guang)纖光(guang)纜(lan)(lan)市場需(xu)求(qiu)也(ye)會大(da)(da)幅度增加。除此之外，船(chuan)(chuan)舶的(de)(de)維修(xiu)以及碼頭等相(xiang)關設(she)施(shi)的(de)(de)建設(she)也(ye)會為其他(ta)常用(yong)類(lei)電線電纜(lan)(lan)提供很大(da)(da)的(de)(de)市場需(xu)求(qiu)空間(jian)。