国产精品成人网站/两攻一受3p双龙h调教/玩弄人妻少妇500系列/人妻换人妻仑乱/国产成人一区二区三区别

電力電纜

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜是用(yong)于傳輸(shu)和分(fen)(fen)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜常用(yong)于城(cheng)市(shi)地下電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網、發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站引出線(xian)路、工礦企(qi)業內(nei)部供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)及過(guo)江(jiang)海水下輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)。在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)線(xian)路中，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜所占比(bi)重正逐漸增加。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜是在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)系統的(de)(de)(de)主干線(xian)路中用(yong)以(yi)傳輸(shu)和分(fen)(fen)配大功率電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜產品，包括1-500KV以(yi)及以(yi)上各(ge)種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓等級，各(ge)種絕緣的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜。

中文名

電力電纜

基本簡介

電(dian)力(li)電(dian)纜的使用至今已有百年

主要分類

分類：按電壓等(deng)級分

簡介：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)(de)使用至今已(yi)有百余年(nian)(nian)歷史。1879年(nian)(nian)，美(mei)國(guo)發(fa)明家T.A.愛迪生(sheng)在銅(tong)棒上包繞黃麻并將(jiang)(jiang)其穿入(ru)鐵管內(nei)，然后填充瀝(li)青混合物(wu)制(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)。他將(jiang)(jiang)此(ci)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)敷設于紐約，開創了地(di)下輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。次年(nian)(nian)，英國(guo)人卡倫(lun)(lun)德(de)發(fa)明瀝(li)青浸漬紙(zhi)絕緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)。1889年(nian)(nian)，英國(guo)人S.Z.費蘭梯在倫(lun)(lun)敦(dun)與(yu)德(de)特福(fu)德(de)之間敷設了10千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)伏油(you)浸紙(zhi)絕緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)。1908年(nian)(nian)，英國(guo)建成(cheng)(cheng)20千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)伏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)網。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)得到(dao)越(yue)來越(yue)廣(guang)的(de)(de)(de)應用。1911年(nian)(nian)，德(de)國(guo)敷設成(cheng)(cheng)60千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)伏高壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)，開始了高壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展。1913年(nian)(nian)，德(de)國(guo)人M.霍希(xi)施(shi)泰特研制(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)分相屏(ping)蔽電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan),改善了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)內(nei)部(bu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)分布(bu),消除了絕緣(yuan)表面的(de)(de)(de)正切(qie)應力(li)(li)(li)，成(cheng)(cheng)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)發(fa)展中的(de)(de)(de)里(li)程碑(bei)。1952年(nian)(nian)，瑞典在北部(bu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠敷設了380千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)伏超高壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan),實現了超高壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)(de)應用。到(dao)80年(nian)(nian)代已(yi)制(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)1100千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)伏、1200千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)伏的(de)(de)(de)特高壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)。

分類：按電壓等級分

按電(dian)壓等級可分(fen)為中、低壓電(dian)力電(dian)纜（35千(qian)伏及以下）、高壓電(dian)纜(110千(qian)伏以上(shang))、超高壓電(dian)纜（275～800千(qian)伏）以及特高壓電(dian)纜（1000千(qian)伏及以上(shang)）。此外，還可按電(dian)流(liu)制分(fen)為交流(liu)電(dian)纜和直流(liu)電(dian)纜。

按絕緣材料分(fen)

1、油浸紙(zhi)(zhi)絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)以(yi)油浸紙(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)的(de)電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)。其應用(yong)歷(li)史最長(chang)。它安全(quan)可靠，使用(yong)壽命長(chang)，價格低廉(lian)。主要缺(que)點是敷設受落(luo)差(cha)限(xian)制。自從開發出(chu)不滴(di)流浸紙(zhi)(zhi)絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)后(hou)，解(jie)決了落(luo)差(cha)限(xian)制問題，使油浸紙(zhi)(zhi)絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)纜(lan)得以(yi)繼續廣泛應用(yong)。

2、塑(su)料絕緣電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)纜(lan) 　絕緣層為擠(ji)壓(ya)塑(su)料的電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)。常用(yong)的塑(su)料有聚氯乙(yi)烯、聚乙(yi)烯、交(jiao)聯聚乙(yi)烯。塑(su)料電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)結構(gou)簡單,制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)加工方(fang)便，重(zhong)量輕，敷(fu)設安(an)裝方(fang)便,不受敷(fu)設落差限(xian)制(zhi)(zhi)。因此廣泛應用(yong)作中(zhong)低壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)，并有取代(dai)粘性浸漬油紙(zhi)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的趨(qu)勢。其(qi)最(zui)大(da)缺(que)點(dian)是存在樹枝化擊穿現象，這限(xian)制(zhi)(zhi)了它在更高(gao)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的使用(yong)。

3、橡皮(pi)絕緣電力電纜　絕緣層為(wei)橡膠加(jia)上各種配合(he)劑，經過充(chong)分混煉(lian)后擠包在導(dao)電線芯(xin)上，經過加(jia)溫硫化(hua)而(er)成。它柔軟，富有(you)彈性，適合(he)于移動頻繁、敷設彎(wan)曲半(ban)徑小的(de)場合(he)。

常用作(zuo)絕(jue)緣的膠(jiao)料有天然膠(jiao)-丁苯膠(jiao)混合(he)物，乙丙膠(jiao)、丁基膠(jiao)等。

按(an)電壓等級分

1、低壓(ya)電纜：適用(yong)于固(gu)定敷設在交流(liu)50Hz，額定電壓(ya)3kv及(ji)以下的輸配電線路上作輸送電能(neng)用(yong)。

2、中(zhong)低壓電(dian)纜(lan)：（一般(ban)指35KV及以下）：聚氯乙(yi)(yi)烯(xi)絕(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)纜(lan)，聚乙(yi)(yi)烯(xi)絕(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)纜(lan)，交聯(lian)聚乙(yi)(yi)烯(xi)絕(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)纜(lan)等。

3、高壓電纜：（一般(ban)為110KV及以上(shang)）：聚(ju)乙烯電纜和交聯聚(ju)乙烯絕緣電纜等(deng)。

4、超高壓電纜：（275～800千伏）。

5、特高(gao)壓電纜：（1000千(qian)伏及以上）。

基本(ben)結構(gou)：電(dian)力電(dian)纜的基本(ben)結構(gou)由線(xian)芯（導(dao)體）、絕緣層、屏蔽層和(he)保護層四部分組成。

1.線芯是電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)纜的導電(dian)(dian)部分，用來輸送電(dian)(dian)能，是電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)纜的主要部分。

2.絕緣層(ceng)是將線(xian)芯與大(da)地以及不(bu)同(tong)相(xiang)的線(xian)芯間(jian)在電(dian)氣上彼此隔離，保(bao)證(zheng)電(dian)能輸送，是電(dian)力電(dian)纜結構(gou)中(zhong)不(bu)可缺少(shao)的組成部(bu)分。

3.15KV及以(yi)上(shang)的(de)電力電纜一般都有(you)導體屏(ping)蔽(bi)層和絕緣屏(ping)蔽(bi)層。

4.保(bao)護層的作用是保(bao)護電力(li)電纜(lan)免受外界雜(za)質和(he)水分的侵(qin)入，以及防止外力(li)直接損壞電力(li)電纜(lan)。

主(zhu)要優點(dian)：

1占地少。一般埋(mai)設(she)于土壤中(zhong)或敷設(she)于室內，溝道，隧道中(zhong)，線(xian)間絕緣距(ju)離小，不用桿塔，占地少，基(ji)本不占地面(mian)上空間。

2可靠性高。受(shou)氣候條件(jian)和周圍環境影響小，傳輸(shu)性能穩(wen)定，可靠性高。

3具有向超高(gao)壓，大容量發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)更為有利的(de)條件，如(ru)低溫，超導(dao)電力電纜等。

4分布電容較大。

5維護工作量少。

6電擊可能性小。

型(xing)號說明

電(dian)力電(dian)纜的型號

1.用(yong)漢語拼音(yin)第一(yi)個字(zi)母的大寫(xie)表(biao)(biao)示絕(jue)緣(yuan)種類(lei)、導(dao)體材料(liao)、內護層材料(liao)和結(jie)構特點。如用(yong)Z代(dai)(dai)表(biao)(biao)紙（zhi）；L代(dai)(dai)表(biao)(biao)鋁（lv）；Q代(dai)(dai)表(biao)(biao)鉛（qian）；F代(dai)(dai)表(biao)(biao)分相（fen）；ZR代(dai)(dai)表(biao)(biao)阻燃(ran)（zuran）；NH代(dai)(dai)表(biao)(biao)耐火（naihuo）。

2.用數(shu)字表示(shi)(shi)外(wai)(wai)(wai)護層構成，有二位(wei)數(shu)字。無(wu)數(shu)字代表無(wu)鎧裝(zhuang)層，無(wu)外(wai)(wai)(wai)被層。第一(yi)位(wei)數(shu)字表示(shi)(shi)鎧裝(zhuang)，第二位(wei)數(shu)字表示(shi)(shi)外(wai)(wai)(wai)被，如粗鋼絲(si)鎧裝(zhuang)纖(xian)維外(wai)(wai)(wai)被表示(shi)(shi)為41。

3.電纜(lan)型(xing)號按電纜(lan)結構的排列一般依次序為(wei)：絕緣材(cai)料；導體材(cai)料；內(nei)護層；外護層。

4.電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)產品用型號(hao)、額定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓和規格表示。其方法是在型號(hao)后再加上說明額定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓、芯數和標稱截面積(ji)的。

型號詳細說明(ming)

（1）類別(bie)：H——市(shi)內通信電(dian)纜HP——配(pei)線電(dian)纜HJ——局用電(dian)纜

（2）絕緣(yuan)：Y——聚(ju)乙烯(xi)絕緣(yuan)YF——泡(pao)沫(mo)聚(ju)烯(xi)烴(jing)絕緣(yuan)YP——泡(pao)沫(mo)/實心(xin)皮聚(ju)烯(xi)烴(jing)絕緣(yuan)

（3）內護(hu)層(ceng)：A——涂塑鋁帶(dai)粘接屏(ping)蔽聚(ju)乙(yi)烯(xi)(xi)護(hu)套S——鋁，鋼雙層(ceng)金屬帶(dai)屏(ping)蔽聚(ju)乙(yi)烯(xi)(xi)護(hu)套      V——聚(ju)氯乙(yi)烯(xi)(xi)護(hu)套

（4）特征(zheng)：T——石(shi)油膏填充(chong)G——高頻隔離C——自(zi)承(cheng)式

（5）外護層(ceng)：23——雙層(ceng)防腐(fu)鋼帶繞包銷裝(zhuang)聚乙烯外被層(ceng)

33——單層細鋼(gang)絲鎧(kai)裝聚乙(yi)烯被層

43——單層(ceng)粗鋼(gang)絲鎧裝聚(ju)乙烯被(bei)層(ceng)

53——單層鋼帶皺紋縱包(bao)鎧裝(zhuang)聚乙烯(xi)外被層

553——雙層鋼帶皺紋縱包鎧裝聚乙烯外被層

2） BV 銅芯聚氯(lv)乙烯(xi)絕緣電線；BLV 鋁芯聚氯(lv)乙烯(xi)絕緣電線；

BVV 銅芯(xin)聚(ju)氯(lv)乙(yi)烯(xi)絕緣(yuan)聚(ju)氯(lv)乙(yi)烯(xi)護套電線；BLVV 鋁(lv)芯(xin)聚(ju)氯(lv)乙(yi)烯(xi)絕緣(yuan)聚(ju)氯(lv)乙(yi)烯(xi)護套電線；

BVR 銅芯(xin)聚(ju)(ju)氯乙烯絕緣(yuan)軟(ruan)線(xian)；RV 銅芯(xin)聚(ju)(ju)氯乙烯絕緣(yuan)安裝(zhuang)軟(ruan)線(xian)；

RVB 銅芯聚(ju)氯(lv)乙烯(xi)絕(jue)緣平(ping)型(xing)連接(jie)線(xian)軟線(xian)；BVS 銅芯聚(ju)氯(lv)乙烯(xi)絕(jue)緣絞型(xing)軟線(xian)；

RVV 銅芯聚(ju)氯乙(yi)烯絕(jue)緣聚(ju)氯乙(yi)烯護套(tao)軟線；BYR 聚(ju)乙(yi)烯絕(jue)緣軟電線；

BYVR 聚乙烯(xi)(xi)絕緣聚氯乙烯(xi)(xi)護套軟線(xian)；RY 聚乙烯(xi)(xi)絕緣軟線(xian)；

RYV 聚乙烯(xi)絕緣(yuan)聚氯乙烯(xi)護套軟線

3）WD：無鹵低煙型(xing)(xing)ZR: 阻燃型(xing)(xing)NH：耐火(huo)型(xing)(xing)DH：防火(huo)型(xing)(xing)