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船用電纜

中文(wen)名

船用電纜

全    稱

船用電力電纜

主要用途

水上建筑的電(dian)力照(zhao)明和一般控制用

執行標準

IEC60092-350

1簡介

船(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)纜又稱船(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)力電(dian)纜，是(shi)一種用(yong)于河海(hai)各種船(chuan)舶(bo)及海(hai)上石(shi)油平臺等水上建筑(zhu)的電(dian)力、照明(ming)和一般控制之用(yong)的電(dian)線電(dian)纜。

主要用途(tu)：應用于(yu)用于(yu)河海各(ge)種船舶及海上(shang)石油平臺等水上(shang)建(jian)筑(zhu)的電(dian)力、照明和一(yi)般控制之用。

執(zhi)行標準(zhun)：船用電力電纜的執(zhi)行標準(zhun)：IEC60092-350，IEC60092-353或GB9331-88。

船(chuan)用電(dian)力電(dian)纜主(zhu)要參數(shu)有型號規(gui)格(ge)、芯(xin)數(shu)、燃燒特性、額定電(dian)壓、溫度、標稱截面積等主(zhu)要參數(shu)。

2分類

從種類上分(fen)，船用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)可分(fen)為兩(liang)類：民(min)船用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)、軍艦(jian)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)。

從用(yong)途上分(fen)，船(chuan)用(yong)電纜可(ke)分(fen)為三類：船(chuan)/艦(jian)用(yong)電力(li)電纜、船(chuan)/艦(jian)用(yong)控制電纜、船(chuan)/艦(jian)用(yong)通(tong)訊(xun)電纜。其作用(yong)分(fen)別是：

船(chuan)用電力電纜：用于河海各(ge)種船(chuan)舶及海上(shang)石油平臺等水上(shang)建筑的(de)電力、照明(ming)和一般(ban)控(kong)制(zhi)之用。

船用控(kong)制(zhi)電(dian)纜：用于河(he)海各(ge)種(zhong)船舶(bo)及海上石(shi)油(you)平臺等水(shui)上建筑一般控(kong)制(zhi)之用。

船用通(tong)信(xin)電纜：用于各種(zhong)傳播通(tong)信(xin)、電子計算機、信(xin)息處理設備中的信(xin)號傳輸和控(kong)制系統。

3選擇原則

船舶電力系統中(zhong)各電纜的選擇步(bu)驟和(he)原(yuan)則

1、根據電纜(lan)的(de)用途、敷(fu)設位(wei)置和工作條件選擇合適(shi)的(de)電纜(lan)型號。

2、 根據(ju)用電(dian)設備的工(gong)作制、電(dian)源(yuan)種類、電(dian)纜線芯和負(fu)載(zai)電(dian)流選(xuan)擇合適(shi)的電(dian)纜截(jie)面。

3、根(gen)據系統(tong)短路電(dian)流計算結果，片(pian)斷電(dian)纜的短路容(rong)量是(shi)否(fou)滿足要求。

4、 根據環(huan)境溫度對電纜(lan)的額定載流量進(jin)行修正，然后再判斷電纜(lan)的允許電流是否大(da)于負載電流。

5、 根據成(cheng)束敷設修正系(xi)數，對電纜(lan)(lan)的(de)額定載(zai)流(liu)量進行修正，然后(hou)，再判斷電纜(lan)(lan)的(de)允許電流(liu)是否(fou)大(da)于負載(zai)電流(liu)。

6、校核線路電壓(ya)降(jiang)，判(pan)斷線路電壓(ya)降(jiang)是(shi)否小于規定(ding)值。

7、根據(ju)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)裝置的整定值，判(pan)斷電纜與(yu)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)裝置是(shi)否(fou)協調；如(ru)果(guo)不協調，判(pan)斷是(shi)否(fou)可以改變合適的保(bao)(bao)護(hu)裝置或整定值，否(fou)則應重新選擇合適的電纜載面。

船用電纜型號選擇

船用電纜型號的選擇應考慮(lv)下(xia)述因(yin)素(su)：

1、電(dian)纜的(de)用途(tu)———用于動力、照明(ming)和無(wu)線(xian)電(dian)通信等。

2、電纜敷設位置———干(gan)燥、潮濕、低溫和是否(fou)要(yao)求屏蔽(bi)等。

3、工作條件———固定敷設、穿(chuan)管(guan)數(shu)設和可(ke)移動等。

4發展趨勢

根據幾年國內(nei)外船舶工業的發(fa)展(zhan)，預計未來船舶市場需求呈現出以大噸位為主(zhu)，具(ju)有高技術含量(liang)和高附加(jia)值等特點。

調查顯示，世界造(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)中心正在加速向中國轉移。目前我(wo)國長三角地區，依靠其黃金(jin)水(shui)道與(yu)黃金(jin)海岸交匯的(de)地緣優勢(shi)，已經成(cheng)為世界造(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)業(ye)投資轉移的(de)集聚區。國際市(shi)場(chang)受(shou)外部經濟環境而(er)影響，與(yu)前幾年相比將有短(duan)時(shi)期的(de)低迷。但是國內(nei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工業(ye)將會持續興旺，受(shou)到我(wo)國海洋開發戰(zhan)略實施的(de)影響，國內(nei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工業(ye)面(mian)臨巨(ju)大(da)(da)發展空間。我(wo)國能成(cheng)功制造(zao)的(de)新型(xing)(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)種(zhong)類不斷增(zeng)加，例如：成(cheng)品油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、化(hua)學品船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海洋工程船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠洋漁船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)(da)型(xing)(xing)集裝(zhuang)箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、客滾船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、滾裝(zhuang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化(hua)石油氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化(hua)天(tian)然氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)(da)型(xing)(xing)冷藏船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、散(san)貨(huo)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、漁政船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、軍用船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、自卸船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)(da)艙口多用途船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、穿梭油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速無(wu)艙蓋集裝(zhuang)箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速水(shui)翼客船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海上儲油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、巨(ju)型(xing)(xing)油船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和內(nei)河(he)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)等；另外還有與(yu)緝私(si)艇(ting)、救(jiu)生艇(ting)、游艇(ting)等小型(xing)(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)艦(jian)艇(ting)。

我(wo)國(guo)船(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)業(ye)的快速(su)發展，將進(jin)一步拉動(dong)船(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)的市場需(xu)(xu)求。受船(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)作(zuo)環境的影響，船(chuan)舶(bo)上所使用(yong)的電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)基本(ben)都是無鹵、低煙(yan)型、耐鹽(yan)堿的特種電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)。在(zai)海上平臺作(zuo)業(ye)中，縱向水密封(feng)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)、臍(qi)帶電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)將會(hui)得(de)到大量使用(yong)。我(wo)國(guo)整體(ti)(ti)的船(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)行業(ye)受國(guo)內外船(chuan)舶(bo)工(gong)業(ye)的發展需(xu)(xu)求量也會(hui)大大增加(jia)；而軍(jun)用(yong)艦(jian)船(chuan)、水下(xia)航(hang)行體(ti)(ti)、魚雷、水下(xia)誘餌、水下(xia)偵察器(qi)的專用(yong)電(dian)線電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)和光纖(xian)光纜(lan)(lan)(lan)市場需(xu)(xu)求也會(hui)大幅度增加(jia)。除(chu)此(ci)之外，船(chuan)舶(bo)的維修以及碼頭等相關設(she)施的建(jian)設(she)也會(hui)為(wei)其他常用(yong)類電(dian)線電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)提供(gong)很大的市場需(xu)(xu)求空間。