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船用電纜

中文名

船用電纜

全    稱

船用電力電纜

主要用途

水上(shang)建(jian)筑的(de)電力照明和一般控制(zhi)用(yong)

執行標準

IEC60092-350

1簡介

船用(yong)電(dian)(dian)纜又稱船用(yong)電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)纜，是一種用(yong)于河海各種船舶(bo)及海上石(shi)油平臺等水上建(jian)筑的電(dian)(dian)力、照明和一般控制之用(yong)的電(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜。

主(zhu)要用(yong)(yong)途：應用(yong)(yong)于用(yong)(yong)于河(he)海(hai)各種船(chuan)舶及(ji)海(hai)上石(shi)油平臺等水上建筑(zhu)的電力、照明(ming)和一般控制(zhi)之(zhi)用(yong)(yong)。

執行(xing)標(biao)準：船用電力電纜的執行(xing)標(biao)準：IEC60092-350，IEC60092-353或GB9331-88。

船用電力電纜主要參(can)數有型號規格、芯數、燃燒(shao)特(te)性、額定電壓(ya)、溫度(du)、標稱截面積等主要參(can)數。

2分類

從種類上(shang)分(fen)，船用電纜可(ke)分(fen)為兩類：民船用電線電纜、軍艦用電線電纜。

從用(yong)(yong)途上分(fen)，船用(yong)(yong)電纜(lan)可分(fen)為三(san)類：船/艦用(yong)(yong)電力(li)電纜(lan)、船/艦用(yong)(yong)控制(zhi)電纜(lan)、船/艦用(yong)(yong)通訊電纜(lan)。其作用(yong)(yong)分(fen)別是：

船用(yong)電(dian)力(li)電(dian)纜：用(yong)于(yu)河海各種船舶及海上石(shi)油平臺等水(shui)上建筑的電(dian)力(li)、照明和一般控(kong)制(zhi)之(zhi)用(yong)。

船用控制(zhi)(zhi)電纜：用于河海(hai)各種船舶及海(hai)上石油平臺等水上建(jian)筑一般控制(zhi)(zhi)之用。

船用(yong)通(tong)信(xin)電(dian)纜：用(yong)于各種(zhong)傳播通(tong)信(xin)、電(dian)子計算機、信(xin)息處理(li)設備中的信(xin)號傳輸和控制系(xi)統。

3選擇原則

船舶(bo)電力系統(tong)中各電纜的選擇步驟和原則(ze)

1、根(gen)據電(dian)纜(lan)的用(yong)途、敷設位(wei)置和工作條件(jian)選擇合適(shi)的電(dian)纜(lan)型號。

2、 根(gen)據用電(dian)設備的(de)工作制、電(dian)源種類、電(dian)纜(lan)線(xian)芯和負載電(dian)流選(xuan)擇合適的(de)電(dian)纜(lan)截(jie)面。

3、根據系統短(duan)路電流計算結果，片斷電纜的(de)短(duan)路容(rong)量(liang)是否(fou)滿足要求。

4、 根據環境溫度(du)對電(dian)纜的額(e)定載流(liu)量進行修(xiu)正，然后(hou)再判斷(duan)電(dian)纜的允許(xu)電(dian)流(liu)是否大于(yu)負載電(dian)流(liu)。

5、 根據成束敷設修正(zheng)系(xi)數，對電纜的(de)額定載流(liu)量進行修正(zheng)，然(ran)后(hou)，再判(pan)斷電纜的(de)允(yun)許電流(liu)是否大(da)于負載電流(liu)。

6、校核線(xian)路電壓(ya)降，判斷線(xian)路電壓(ya)降是否小于規定值(zhi)。

7、根據保護裝(zhuang)置的整(zheng)定(ding)值(zhi)，判斷(duan)電纜(lan)與保護裝(zhuang)置是(shi)否(fou)協調；如果不協調，判斷(duan)是(shi)否(fou)可以改變合適(shi)的保護裝(zhuang)置或整(zheng)定(ding)值(zhi)，否(fou)則應重(zhong)新選(xuan)擇(ze)合適(shi)的電纜(lan)載面。

船用電纜型號選擇

船(chuan)用電纜(lan)型號的選擇應考慮下述因(yin)素：

1、電(dian)纜的用途(tu)———用于動力、照(zhao)明和(he)無線(xian)電(dian)通信等。

2、電纜敷(fu)設位置———干燥、潮(chao)濕、低溫(wen)和是否(fou)要求屏蔽等。

3、工作(zuo)條(tiao)件———固(gu)定(ding)敷(fu)設(she)、穿管數設(she)和(he)可移(yi)動(dong)等。

4發展趨勢

根據(ju)幾年(nian)國內外船舶(bo)工(gong)業的發展，預(yu)計未來船舶(bo)市(shi)場需求呈現(xian)出以大(da)噸(dun)位為主(zhu)，具有高技(ji)術(shu)含量和(he)高附加(jia)值等特點。

調查顯(xian)示，世界造(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)中心正在加(jia)(jia)速(su)向中國(guo)轉移。目前我(wo)國(guo)長三角(jiao)地(di)區(qu)(qu)，依靠其黃金(jin)水道與黃金(jin)海(hai)岸交匯(hui)的(de)(de)(de)地(di)緣優(you)勢，已經(jing)成(cheng)為世界造(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)業(ye)(ye)投(tou)資(zi)轉移的(de)(de)(de)集聚區(qu)(qu)。國(guo)際市場受(shou)外(wai)部(bu)經(jing)濟環境而影(ying)響，與前幾年相比(bi)將有短(duan)時期的(de)(de)(de)低迷。但是(shi)國(guo)內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶工(gong)業(ye)(ye)將會(hui)持續興旺，受(shou)到我(wo)國(guo)海(hai)洋開發戰略(lve)實(shi)施的(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響，國(guo)內船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶工(gong)業(ye)(ye)面臨巨大(da)發展(zhan)空間(jian)。我(wo)國(guo)能成(cheng)功制造(zao)的(de)(de)(de)新型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶種(zhong)類不(bu)斷增加(jia)(jia)，例如(ru)：成(cheng)品油(you)(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、化學(xue)品船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海(hai)洋工(gong)程船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠洋漁(yu)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)型(xing)集裝箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、客滾船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、滾裝船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化石(shi)油(you)(you)氣(qi)(qi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化天然氣(qi)(qi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)型(xing)冷藏船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、散貨(huo)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、漁(yu)政船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、軍用船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、自卸(xie)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大(da)艙(cang)口多(duo)用途船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、穿梭油(you)(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速(su)無(wu)艙(cang)蓋(gai)集裝箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速(su)水翼客船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海(hai)上(shang)儲油(you)(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、巨型(xing)油(you)(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和內河船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶等(deng)；另(ling)外(wai)還有與緝私(si)艇(ting)(ting)、救生艇(ting)(ting)、游艇(ting)(ting)等(deng)小型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶艦(jian)艇(ting)(ting)。

我國(guo)船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)快速發展，將進一步拉動船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)市(shi)場需求(qiu)(qiu)。受船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工作環境的(de)(de)影響，船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)上所使用(yong)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)基本(ben)都是無鹵、低(di)煙(yan)型、耐(nai)鹽堿的(de)(de)特種電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)。在(zai)海(hai)上平臺(tai)作業(ye)(ye)中(zhong)，縱向水密封電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)、臍帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)將會得(de)到大(da)量使用(yong)。我國(guo)整體的(de)(de)船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)受國(guo)內外船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)工業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)發展需求(qiu)(qiu)量也(ye)會大(da)大(da)增加(jia)；而軍(jun)用(yong)艦船(chuan)(chuan)、水下(xia)航行(xing)體、魚雷、水下(xia)誘(you)餌(er)、水下(xia)偵察器的(de)(de)專(zhuan)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)和光(guang)(guang)纖光(guang)(guang)纜(lan)(lan)市(shi)場需求(qiu)(qiu)也(ye)會大(da)幅度增加(jia)。除此(ci)之外，船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)的(de)(de)維修(xiu)以及碼頭等相(xiang)關(guan)設施的(de)(de)建設也(ye)會為其他常用(yong)類(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)提供(gong)很大(da)的(de)(de)市(shi)場需求(qiu)(qiu)空(kong)間。