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船用電纜

中文名

船用電纜

全    稱

船用電力電纜

主要用途

水上建筑的電力照明和一般控制用

執行標準

IEC60092-350

1簡介

船(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)纜(lan)又稱(cheng)船(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)，是一(yi)種用(yong)于河(he)海各種船(chuan)舶(bo)及海上(shang)石油(you)平臺等水上(shang)建筑(zhu)的電(dian)力、照明和(he)一(yi)般控制之用(yong)的電(dian)線電(dian)纜(lan)。

主要用途：應用于用于河(he)海(hai)各(ge)種(zhong)船舶(bo)及海(hai)上石油平臺等水上建筑(zhu)的(de)電力、照(zhao)明(ming)和一般控制之用。

執行(xing)標準：船用電力電纜(lan)的執行(xing)標準：IEC60092-350，IEC60092-353或GB9331-88。

船用(yong)電力(li)電纜主要參數(shu)(shu)有型號規格、芯數(shu)(shu)、燃燒特性、額定(ding)電壓、溫度、標稱截面積等主要參數(shu)(shu)。

2分類

從種類上分，船用電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)可(ke)分為兩(liang)類：民船用電(dian)線(xian)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)、軍艦用電(dian)線(xian)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)。

從用(yong)(yong)途上(shang)分(fen)，船用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)纜可(ke)分(fen)為三類：船/艦(jian)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)纜、船/艦(jian)用(yong)(yong)控制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)纜、船/艦(jian)用(yong)(yong)通(tong)訊電(dian)(dian)纜。其作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)分(fen)別(bie)是：

船用電力電纜：用于河海(hai)各種船舶及(ji)海(hai)上石油平臺等水上建筑的電力、照(zhao)明和一般控制之用。

船(chuan)用(yong)控制(zhi)電纜：用(yong)于河(he)海各種船(chuan)舶(bo)及海上(shang)(shang)石油平臺等水上(shang)(shang)建筑一(yi)般控制(zhi)之用(yong)。

船(chuan)用(yong)通信(xin)電(dian)纜：用(yong)于各種傳播通信(xin)、電(dian)子計算機、信(xin)息處理(li)設備(bei)中的信(xin)號(hao)傳輸和控(kong)制系統。

3選擇原則

船舶電力系(xi)統中(zhong)各電纜(lan)的(de)選擇步(bu)驟和原(yuan)則

1、根據電纜的用途、敷設(she)位置和工(gong)作(zuo)條件選擇合適的電纜型號。

2、 根據用電(dian)(dian)設備的(de)工作制(zhi)、電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)種類、電(dian)(dian)纜線芯和負載電(dian)(dian)流選(xuan)擇(ze)合適的(de)電(dian)(dian)纜截(jie)面。

3、根據系統短(duan)路電(dian)流計(ji)算(suan)結果，片斷(duan)電(dian)纜(lan)的短(duan)路容(rong)量是(shi)否(fou)滿足要求。

4、 根據環境溫(wen)度對電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜的(de)額(e)定載(zai)流(liu)量進行(xing)修(xiu)正，然后再判斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜的(de)允(yun)許電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)是否大于(yu)負(fu)載(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)。

5、 根據成束敷設修(xiu)正系(xi)數，對電纜的額定載流量進行修(xiu)正，然后，再判斷電纜的允許(xu)電流是否大于負載電流。

6、校核(he)線路電壓(ya)降，判斷線路電壓(ya)降是否小于規(gui)定值。

7、根據保(bao)(bao)(bao)護裝(zhuang)置的整定值(zhi)(zhi)，判斷(duan)電纜與(yu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護裝(zhuang)置是(shi)否協調(diao)；如果不(bu)協調(diao)，判斷(duan)是(shi)否可以改變合(he)適(shi)的保(bao)(bao)(bao)護裝(zhuang)置或整定值(zhi)(zhi)，否則應重新選擇合(he)適(shi)的電纜載面。

船用電纜型號選擇

船(chuan)用電(dian)纜型(xing)號的選擇(ze)應考慮下述因素：

1、電纜的用(yong)途———用(yong)于動力、照明和無線(xian)電通信等。

2、電纜敷設位置(zhi)———干燥(zao)、潮濕(shi)、低溫和是否要求屏蔽等。

3、工作條(tiao)件———固定敷設、穿(chuan)管(guan)數設和可移(yi)動等。

4發展趨勢

根據幾年國(guo)內外船舶(bo)(bo)工(gong)業的發展，預(yu)計未(wei)來船舶(bo)(bo)市(shi)場需求呈現出以大噸位為(wei)主，具有高技術(shu)含量和(he)高附加值等特點。

調查(cha)顯示，世界造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)中心正(zheng)在加(jia)速向中國(guo)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)移。目前(qian)我(wo)(wo)國(guo)長三角(jiao)地區，依靠(kao)其黃金水道與(yu)黃金海岸交匯的(de)(de)(de)地緣優勢(shi)，已經成為世界造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)業(ye)(ye)投資轉(zhuan)(zhuan)移的(de)(de)(de)集(ji)(ji)聚區。國(guo)際市場受外部經濟(ji)環(huan)境而影響(xiang)，與(yu)前(qian)幾年相(xiang)比將有(you)短時(shi)期的(de)(de)(de)低迷(mi)。但是國(guo)內(nei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶工業(ye)(ye)將會(hui)持續興旺，受到我(wo)(wo)國(guo)海洋(yang)(yang)開發戰(zhan)略實施的(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)，國(guo)內(nei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶工業(ye)(ye)面臨巨大發展空間(jian)。我(wo)(wo)國(guo)能成功制造的(de)(de)(de)新型(xing)(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶種類不斷增加(jia)，例如(ru)：成品油(you)(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、化(hua)(hua)學品船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海洋(yang)(yang)工程船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠洋(yang)(yang)漁船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大型(xing)(xing)集(ji)(ji)裝箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、客滾船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、滾裝船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液(ye)化(hua)(hua)石(shi)油(you)(you)氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液(ye)化(hua)(hua)天然(ran)氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大型(xing)(xing)冷藏(zang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、散貨船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、漁政船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、軍用船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、自卸船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、大艙口多(duo)用途船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、穿梭油(you)(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速無(wu)艙蓋集(ji)(ji)裝箱船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、高速水翼客船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海上儲油(you)(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、巨型(xing)(xing)油(you)(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和內(nei)河船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶等；另外還有(you)與(yu)緝私艇、救生艇、游(you)艇等小型(xing)(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶艦艇。

我(wo)國(guo)船舶(bo)(bo)工業的(de)(de)快速(su)發(fa)展，將進一(yi)步拉動船用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)(de)市場需(xu)求。受船舶(bo)(bo)工作(zuo)環(huan)境的(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)，船舶(bo)(bo)上所(suo)使用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)基本都是無鹵、低煙型、耐(nai)鹽(yan)堿的(de)(de)特種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)。在海上平臺作(zuo)業中(zhong)，縱向水(shui)密封(feng)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、臍帶電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)將會得到大(da)(da)(da)量使用(yong)(yong)。我(wo)國(guo)整(zheng)體(ti)的(de)(de)船用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)行業受國(guo)內外船舶(bo)(bo)工業的(de)(de)發(fa)展需(xu)求量也(ye)(ye)會大(da)(da)(da)大(da)(da)(da)增加(jia)；而軍(jun)用(yong)(yong)艦船、水(shui)下(xia)(xia)航行體(ti)、魚雷、水(shui)下(xia)(xia)誘餌、水(shui)下(xia)(xia)偵察(cha)器的(de)(de)專用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)和(he)光纖光纜(lan)市場需(xu)求也(ye)(ye)會大(da)(da)(da)幅度(du)增加(jia)。除此之(zhi)外，船舶(bo)(bo)的(de)(de)維(wei)修以(yi)及碼頭等相關(guan)設施的(de)(de)建設也(ye)(ye)會為其他(ta)常(chang)用(yong)(yong)類電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)提供很大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)市場需(xu)求空(kong)間(jian)。